Ismael Buyo ( fr. Ismaël Boulliau ; September 28, 1605 , Luden , France — November 25, 1694 , Paris ) was a French Copernican astronomer. He signed his works with the Latinized last name Bulliald ( Latin Bullialdus ). First he formulated the law of world wideness as the “inverse square law” (the force of attraction is inversely proportional to the square of the distance).
| Ismael Buyo (Bulliald) | |
|---|---|
| Ismaël Boulliau (Bullialdus) | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | September 28, 1605 |
| Place of Birth | Luden (now in the department of Vienne , France ) |
| Date of death | November 25, 1694 (89 years old) |
| Place of death | Paris (France) |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | astronomy |
| Known as | formulated a law of world wideness |
| Awards and prizes | member of the Royal Society of London |
Isaac Newton in Book III of the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy is based on measurements of the values of planetary orbits, determined from the observations of Kepler and Buyo [1] . In a letter to Edmund Halley, he mentioned Buyo as one of his predecessors in the discovery of the inverse square law.
Biography
He was born in the family of a wealthy Huguenot -notary, a great lover of astronomy. At the age of 21 he converted to the Catholic faith , another 5 years later he was ordained a priest. For some time he worked as a royal librarian, traveled around different countries, bought up books. At the same time, he studies the scientific works of Copernicus , Galileo and Kepler , becoming a staunch supporter of the heliocentric system of the world. With the help of Mersenne , the then coordinator of European scientific life, Buyo became closely acquainted with Huygens , Gassendi , Pascal, and other prominent scientists of the time.
In 1657, he served for a while as secretary to the French ambassador to Holland, then returned to the work of a librarian. The last five years of his life served as abbot at the abbey of Saint-Victor , Paris.
Scientific Activities
In 1633, after the trial of Galileo , Buyo suspended the publication of his astronomical work Philolaus , written from heliocentric positions. In 1639 he published this book in Holland without specifying the name of the author.
The main astronomical work of Buyo, published in 1645, is called the Philolai Astronomy ( Astronomia philolaica , Philolaus — the ancient Greek philosopher Pythagorean who defended the idea of the motion of the Earth). In it, he not only supported the first Kepler law , according to which the planets move in ellipses, but also indicated a possible mechanism for ensuring such a movement: the universal force of attraction, inversely proportional to the square of the distance. [2] Buyo, however, expressed himself cautiously and did not assert with confidence that such a force does exist.
Conducted observations of variable stars, the first to establish the period of changes in the brightness of the Worlds of Whale in 11 months (1667). Translated astronomical writings of Theon of Smyrna , Ptolemy . He was also engaged in research in the field of mathematics, optics and philology.
Proceedings
- De natura lucis (1638)
- Philolaus (1639)
- Expositio rerum mathematicarum ad legendum Platonem utilium , translation of Theon of Smyrna (1644)
- Astronomia philolaica (1645)
- De lineis spiralibus (1657)
- Ad astronomos monita duo (1667)
- Opus novum ad arithmeticam infinitorum (1682)
Awards and honors
In April 1667, Buyo was elected one of the first members of the Royal Society created in England.
In honor of the scientist in 1935, the crater on the moon was named . [3]
Links
- John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson . Buyo, Ismael (English) - biography in the archive MacTutor .
- Рroject Boulliau (English)
Notes
- ↑ Newton, Isaac. Newton's Principia: The mathematical philosophy of natural philosophy . - First American. - New York: Daniel Adee, c.1846. (eng.)
- ↑ Biography. Archived November 30, 2016.
- Лу Photos of the Moon taken with the Celestron Advanced C9.25-SGT (XLT) telescope .
Literature
- Linton, Christopher M. From Eudoxus to Einstein - A History of Mathematical Astronomy. - ISBN 978-0-521-82750-8 .
- Nellen, HJM Ismaël Boulliau (1605-1694), astronome, épistolier, nouvelliste et intermédiaire scientifique. Studies of the Pierre Bayle Institute Nijmegen (SIB), 24, APA-Holland University Press, 1994. ISBN 90-302-1034-6 . (fr.)
- Russel JL Catholic Astronomers and the Copernican System after the Condemnation of Galileo. Annals of Science, 46, 1989, pp. 365-386.
- Wilson C. A. From Kepler's laws, so-called, to universal gravitation. Empirical Factors // Archive for History of Exact Sciences. - 1970. - Vol. 6. - P. 89-170.