Eleanor Porter ( born Eleanor H. Porter , nee Eleanor Hodgman ( born Eleanor Hodgman )); December 19, 1868 - May 21, 1920 ) - American writer.
| Elinor Porter | |
|---|---|
| Eleanor H. Porter | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | December 19, 1868 |
| Place of Birth | Littleton , New Hampshire , USA |
| Date of death | May 21, 1920 (51 years old) |
| Place of death | Cambridge , Massachusetts , USA |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | writer |
| Genre | stories for children |
| Language of Works | |
Content
Biography
Eleanor Emily Hodgman was born and raised in Littleton, , New Hampshire. [2] [3] She was the youngest child (older brother Fred was born in 1864) and the only daughter of the pharmacist Francis Fletcher Hodgman and his wife Luela French (nee Wolson). Like her ancestors, Elinor belonged to the Congregational Church [3] . Her grandfather, Francis Hodgman, was the first Littleton watchmaker and jeweler to settle in those places in 1831; after a while he added pharmaceuticals to his studies [4] .
Like her mother, Elinor was not in good health and was forced to refuse to attend secondary school, switching to home schooling. From childhood, she showed a penchant for writing and music [3] . Later, she studied singing at the New England Conservatory in Boston , performed in a church choir and at local concerts, gave music lessons [5] [3] .
On May 3, 1892, Elinor Hodgman married businessman [2] John Lyman Porter . For 10 years, they managed to live in Chattanooga , New York , Springfield , until they settled in Cambridge ( Massachusetts ). Disabled mother Elinor Porter also lived here in their large house. The couple did not have children [3] .
In 1901, Mrs. Porter abandoned the music and set foot on the path of the writer [3] . She published her stories in newspapers and magazines, and in 1907 released her first novel, Cross Currents [5] . The first success came to the writer in 1911 after the release of the romantic comedy " Miss Billy" ( born Miss Billy ) with an 18-year-old main character. Thanks to her success, Porter wrote the sequel, Miss Billy 's Decision (1912) and Miss Billy's Marriage (1914). [5]
Her most famous book, Pollyanna ( 1913 ), was favorably received by critics and readers, and was on the list of eight major bestsellers of the year. In 1915, the continuation of the story “Pollyanna grows” followed. The next four years of Elinor Porter's work were on the annual list of the top ten books of the year: Just David (1916), The Road to Understanding (1917), Oh, Money! Money! ” (1918),“ Mary Marie ” (1920). “Pollyanna” was soon translated into 8 languages, survived several reprints, was adapted to theatrical production and musical in 1916. In 1920, the first film, Pollyanna , was released, starring Mary Pickford. [3]
Elinor Porter died in the city of Cambridge , Massachusetts , in 1920. Her death was a surprise, as the writer experienced a slight discomfort, but continued to compose and even made plans for the coming summer [6] . An inscription is carved on its tombstone: “ The one whose works brought sunlight to the life of millions ” [5] .
Memory
In honor of the writer in her hometown of Littleton, June is celebrated as Pollyanna's Day ( Eng. Official Pollyanna Glad Day ) and Porter's Memorial Day in December. In the central park of the city stands a bronze statue of Pollyana [5] .
In psychology, the principle of Pollyanna is known [7] .
In the comic strip “ League of Outstanding Gentlemen ” by Alan Moore , the heroine Polly Whiter appears, who remains optimistic despite the encroachments of the fictional invisible hero Griffin .
Films
- 1920 - Pollyanna with Mary Pickford ;
- 1960 - Pollyanna (production of Walt Disney Pictures );
- 1973 - “Pollyanna” (7-episode film produced by the BBC ) [8] ;
- 1986 - Japanese cartoon " Pollyanna " from Nippon Animation ;
- 1989 - Polly (music television movie)
- 2003 - Pollyanna
Artwork
Elinor Porter has written 16 novels and 6 storybooks. In her works you can often find people with disabilities, not too good writers, music lovers and people from the village who, despite all the hardships, remain optimistic. According to critics, despite the lack of artistic talent and the superficiality of the plots, Elinor Porter created interesting stories [3] .
Editions in Russian
- Porter, Elinor. Just David / per. Tahira Mammadova. - Saratov: Artos-Media, 2012 .-- 320 p. - ISBN 987-5-98599-108-6.
- Porter, E. Pollyanna / Per. from English Ivanov A., Ustinova A.V. - M .: ENAS-BOOK, 2014 .-- 224 p. - ISBN 978-5-9192-1013-9 .
- Porter, E. Pollyanna / Per. from English S. Mohammed. - M .: Machaon, 2015.
- Porter, Elinor. Pollyanna. - K .: Ranok, 2016 .-- 272 p. - ISBN 978-617-09-2764-4 .
- Porter, E. Pollyanna grows up / Transl. from English M. Batishcheva. - M .: AST, 2017 .-- 352 p. - ISBN 978-5-17-088429-2 .
Notes
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20170323032127/http://jeugdliteratuur.org/auteurs/eleanor-h-porter
- ↑ 1 2 Nina Baym. Women Writers of the American West, 1833-1927 . - University of Illinois Press, 2012 .-- S. 296. - 386 p. - ISBN 9780252078842 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Radcliffe College. Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A Biographical Dictionary . - Harvard University Press, 1971. - S. 85. - 2172 p. - ISBN 9780674627345 .
- ↑ Junice Brown. Littleton NH Novelist: Eleanor (Hodgman) Porter - (1868-1920) (Eng.) // New Hampshire's History Blog. - 2006 .-- March 18.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Roxanne Harde, Lydia Kokkola. Eleanor H. Porter's Pollyanna: A Children's Classic at 100 . - Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2014 .-- 272 p. - ISBN 9781626743335 .
- ↑ Deth of Eleanor H. Porter Author of "Ppllyanna" Stories , Cambridge Chronicle (05/29/1920).
- ↑ Professor Toby Miller, Toby Miller Alec McHoul, Dr Alec W. McHoul, Trish Miller, Tricia Miller. Popular Culture and Everyday Life . - SAGE, 1998 .-- S. 193. - 244 p. - ISBN 9781446234396 .
- ↑ Pollyanna . Date of treatment February 17, 2018.
Links
- Works by Eleanor H. Porter in the Gutenberg Project
- Papers in Dartmouth
- BARRETT LIBRARY OF AMERICAN LITERATURE . University of Virginia Library . - Drafts and letters of the writer.