Donald Woods Winnicott ( born Donald Winnicott , April 7, 1896 , Plymouth - January 28, 1971 , London ) is a British pediatrician and child psychoanalyst . One of the most important representatives of the theory of object relations . The author of the art-therapeutic technology " Doodle Game " (" Scribble D. Winnicott ") .
| Donald Winnicott | |
|---|---|
| Donald woods winnicott | |
 “Without love, a child can be nourished, but an upbringing deprived of love and human warmth will never succeed in making him an independent person.” | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Plymouth |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | London |
| A country |  Great Britain |
| Scientific field | pediatrics , psychology , psychoanalysis |
| Alma mater | King's College (Cambridge) |
| Famous students | |
| Known as | the author of the art-therapeutic technique " Doodle Game " (" Scribble D. Winnicott ") |
| Site | www.winnicott.net |
Biography
Donald Winnicott was born on April 7, 1896 in Plymouth , Devon . He was the third child in the family of Frederick Winnicott and Elizabeth , nee Woods. His father for many years was the mayor of Plymouth, and in 1924 became a peer .
D. Winnicott was an obedient child, grew up in love and care from his mother and older sisters. He played sports and was the best runner in school. He was fond of biology and the teachings of Charles Darwin and decided to become a doctor . At age 13, begins to study medicine at a private school, and then at the Jesuit College of Cambridge . During the First World War , in 1917 , he volunteered for the navy , where he served as a ship's doctor. After the war, he continues and finishes his studies at Cambridge Royal College in 1920 .
In 1923 he began working as a pediatrician at the London Children's Hospital at Paddington Green, where he served for 40 years. During his many years of practice, he dealt with 60 thousand children and their families. At the therapy sessions he used the “ doodle game ” technique developed by him.
Interested in psychoanalytic ideas, is being analyzed by the English psychoanalyst J. Strechy. In 1927 he became a member of the British Psychoanalytic Society, in 1934 he obtained the qualification of a psychoanalyst working with adults, and in 1935 he obtained the qualification of a child psychoanalyst. Later he studied with J. Rickman and M. Klein .
At the beginning of his psychoanalytic activity, he was close to Melanie Klein , developed her psychoanalytic approach, but over time he rethought a number of ideas of the Klein school and spoke out against her radicalism in psychoanalysis. After the split of the British Psychoanalytic Society into supporters M. Klein and A. Freud , D. Winnicott did not take either one or the other side, joining the group of independent psychoanalysts.
During the Second World War, D. Winnicott was a consultant to the Government's evacuation project. During this period, he worked with children with serious violations caused by evacuation from London and other cities and separation from their families. This allowed a deeper understanding of the important role of the mother in the life of the child.
After the war, D. Winnicott became director of the pediatric service of the London Psychoanalytic Clinic, lectured, led private practice. Winnicott was awarded the honorary title of a member of the Royal College of Physicians and the British Psychological Society . Twice (in 1956–1959 and 1965–1968 ) he was elected President of the British Psychoanalytic Society.
January 28, 1971 D. Winnicott died of a heart attack .
Research Interests
Winnicot was distinguished by special attention to the symbolic aspects of psychic life, hence his attention to transitional objects , to the game .
The concept of inner reality
Developed the concept of inner reality, opposing the concept of "inner reality" to the concept of "psychic reality."
“The concept of“ psychic reality ”leaves no room for fantasy; the concept of “inner reality” implies the existence of both the inner and the outer world, and therefore also the existence of a limiting membrane, which refers to what I would call a psychosoma today ” [3] .
According to D. Winnicott, 3 processes take part in the formation of inner reality [4] :
- integration of mental phenomena. Winnicott believed that at the very beginning the person was not integrated, in adverse conditions the person could return (regress) to the state of primary non-integration. Dissociation may appear in the inner reality when integration is not fully implemented.
- personalization
- implementation
"Good enough mother"
Winnicott coined the notion of “good enough mothers”, the essence of which is that minor mistakes of parents, although they upset the child, are necessary for its development, since they form an idea of a loving mother [5] .
Doodle game (Doodle D. Winnicott)
Publications in Russian
Books
- Winnicott D.V. Game and reality. - Moscow: Institute of Humanitarian Studies, 2002.
- Winnicott D.V. Family and personal development. Mother and child. - M .: Litur, 2004.
- Winnicott D.V. Pigla. Report on the psychoanalytic treatment of a little girl. - M .: Class, 2006.
- Winnicott D.V. Small children and their mothers. - M .: Class, 2007.
- Winnicott D.V. Talk with parents. - M .: Class, 2011.
Articles
- Winnicott D.V. Distortion of the Ego in Terms of the True and the False Self // Consultative Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2006, No. 1, p. 5-19.
- Winnicott D.V. Ability to be alone // Journal of practical psychology and psychoanalysis, 2002, № 4.
- Winnicott D.V. Psychosomatic illness in positive and negative aspects // “Journal of practical psychology and psychoanalysis”, 2003, №3.
- Winnicott D.V. Theory of parent-infant relations // Journal of practical psychology and psychoanalysis, 2005, №2.
- Winnicott D.V. Using the object and building relationships through identification // “Journal of practical psychology and psychoanalysis”, 2004, №1.
- Winnicott D.V. Transient objects and transient phenomena. The study of the first "non-I" of the subject. (1953) // “Anthology of modern psychoanalysis”, Moscow: Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2000
Publications about him, his activities and ideas
- Khegai, LD D. Winnicott and Analytical Psychology. - M .: KDU, Dobrosvet, 2009.
- Nemirovsky K. Winnicott and Kohut. New perspectives in psychoanalysis, psychotherapy and psychiatry. - M .: Kogito-Center, 2010.
- Zmanovskaya Ye. V. The concept of inner reality of D. Winnicott // “Modern psychoanalysis. Theory and practice". - SPb .: Peter, 2011. - c. 99-104.
- M. Masud R. Khan. The Creativity of D. Winnicott // “Journal of Practical Psychology and Psychoanalysis”, 2002, №1.
- Psychoanalytic aphorisms VII. - Donald Winnicott // “Journal of practical psychology and psychoanalysis”, 2005, №4.
Notes
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography / C. Matthew - Oxford : OUP , 2004.
- ↑ Mijolla A. d. Dictionnaire international de la psychanalyse - Paris : 2002. - 2017 p. - ISBN 2-7021-2530-1
- ↑ Encyclopedia of depth psychology = Tiefen-Psychologie. Band 3. Die Nachfolger Freuds. - M .: Kogito-Center, MGM, 2002. - T. 3. Freud followers. - p. 226. - 410 p. - ISBN 5-89353-071-3 .
- ↑ Zmanovskaya E.V. Modern psychoanalysis. Theory and practice. - SPb. : Peter , 2011. - p. 99. - 288 p. - (Masters of Psychology). - 2000 copies - ISBN 978-5-49807-629-4 .
- ↑ James Rapson, Craig English. Praise me: How to stop being dependent on someone else's opinion and gain self-confidence = Anxious To 7 Chronically Nice. - M .: Alpina Publisher , 2014. - 215 p. - ISBN 978-5-9614-4765-1 .
Links
- Personal site (English) , (isp.)
- Biography (English)
- Winnicott Foundation website
- Website dedicated to D.Vinnicott (rus.)
- Biography (rus.)
- Books D. Vinnikott on line (rus.)
- Biography of Donald V. Winnicott . List of works (in English). Books D. Vinnicott on line
- Works by D. Vinnicott and other psychoanalysts