Iron-wood eucalyptus ( lat.Eucalyptus sideroxylon ) is an evergreen tree , a species of the Eucalyptus genus ( Eucalyptus ) of the Myrtaceae family .
| Ironwood Eucalyptus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Eucalyptus sideroxylon A.Cunn. ex woolls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Content
Distribution and Ecology
In nature , the range covers the south-eastern and eastern parts of Australia - the states of New South Wales and Queensland . Rises in the mountains to a height of 200 to 600 m above sea level. It grows on poor clay, sandy and rocky soils.
Drought and heat resistant. On the coast of the Caucasus, one-two-year-old plants are frozen to the root in winter with short-term temperature drops of -7 ° C. Mature trees are more winter-hardy, when the temperature drops to -10 ... -9 ° C, one or two-year growth is damaged in them, and in some the entire crown and trunk freezes to different heights. Short-term frosts at 12–11 ° C damage plants to the root.
Botanical Description
A tree from 18-24 to 45 m high.
The bark is hard, thick, deeply furrowed, dark and full of cinema.
Young leaves are opposite, in the amount of several pairs, short-leaved , from linear to widely oblong, 4-8 cm long, 0.5-1.5 cm wide, light blue. The intermediate leaves are alternate, petiolate, lanceolate, up to 11 cm long, 3 cm wide, light blue. Adults - alternate, petiolate, lanceolate, 6-11 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, pale bluish.
Umbrellas are axillary , 3-7- flowered , sitting on a drooping, almost cylindrical leg 1-2 cm long; buds on legs, drooping, ovate, pointed, 12-15 mm long, 7-10 mm in diameter; conical cap, shorter than receptacle tube; stamen filaments are creamy white or pink; anthers fused, usually obliquely connected to threads, wedge-truncated, open by apical fissures.
Fruits on the legs, ovoid, spherical or cubular, 8-10 mm long, 8-9 mm in diameter in diameter; the disc is thin and flat or beveled inward; sashes deeply pressed.
Blossoms in the homeland in May - February; on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus - in October - April, individual trees in May - June.
Meaning and Application
The wood is red, dense, durable and very heavy. Used on sleepers , poles and other construction products.
The leaves contain essential eucalyptus oil , consisting of cineole (60%), pinene and sesquiterpenes .
Classification
Top down. Branch with adult leaves and buds. Inflorescence. Fruit |
Representatives
Within the species, several subspecies and varieties are distinguished [2] :
- Subspecies
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. sideroxylon
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. tricarpa lasjohnson
- Varieties
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon var. minor ( Benth. ) Maiden
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon var. pallens ( Benth. ) Rehder
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon var. rosea guilf. nom. illeg. nom. superfl.
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon var. rosea rehder
- Eucalyptus sideroxylon var. sideroxylon
Taxonomy
Species Eucalyptus iron-wood is part of the genus Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus ) of the subfamily Myrtaceae of the family Myrtaceae of the order Myrtaceae .
| 13 more families (according to APG II System ) | 130 more births | |||||||||||||||
| Myrrhaceae order | subfamily Myrtle | View Eucalyptus Ironwood | ||||||||||||||
| Department of Flowering, or Angiosperms | Myrtov family | clan eucalyptus | ||||||||||||||
| 44 more order flowering plants (according to APG II System ) | 1 more subfamily (according to APG II System ) | more than 700 species | ||||||||||||||
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ According to the APNI website (see the "Links" section).
Literature
- Trees and shrubs of the USSR. Wild, cultivated and promising for introduction. / Ed. volumes S. Ya. Sokolov . - M. - L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1960. - T. V. Angiosperms. Families Myrtle - Olive. - S. 125 .-- 544 p. - 2200 copies.