Heresies

The town of Zalishchyky is located on the left bank of the Dniester River ^{[2] [3]} , the village of Pechorn is located upstream at a distance of 1 km, the village of Dobrovlyany adjoins downstream, the village of Kostrizhevka (Zastavnovsky District) , the village of Zvenyachin (Zastavnovsky District) ) and Khreshchatyk (Zastavnovsky district) .

The name of the city comes from the place of residence of the first settlers - "behind a hazel." According to the historical studies of O. Tour, the first written mention of the Zalishchiki dates back to 1340 . The Zalishchyky territory has been inhabited by people since ancient times. On the territory of the city there were archaeological finds of the Late Paleolithic , Tripoli , Lipitsky , Early Slavic and Old Russian cultures.

The village of Zalishchyky appeared on the lands of the village of Dobrovlyany as a settlement around 1469 , which was known as Zalesie, in the XVI century - Zalesche. The name Zalishchyky was recorded after 1578 . The modern city was founded around 1750 on the lands of the village of the same name, which with the advent of the city began to be called Old Zalishchiki. In 1766, the city ​​received Magdeburg Law , and since 1774 - the status of the district government . Then on the coat of arms of Zaleshchikov one could see the town hall, and above it a unicorn - a symbol of courage and military courage. A unicorn personified the speed of a horse and the striking power of a bull's horn.

During the time of the Commonwealth, the land on which the Zalishchyky appeared appeared in the property of the tycoons of Lubomirsky to the Cracow coughman Stanislav Augustus Ponyatowski. The city was famous for all Podillia by skilled folk craftsmen: carpet weavers, potters, woodcarvers. In 1763, the church of St. Stanislav.

After the creation of the West Ukrainian People’s Republic in November 1918, many residents of the city and the district went to serve in the Ukrainian Galician army . In early June 1919, the Zalishchyky people were the capital of the West Ukrainian People’s Republic for several days — its government was here.

Until 1939, the city ​​was the center of winemaking . Every year they held the traditional festival "Winery", which gathered from all over Poland at that time. In addition, Zalishchyky was famous as a climatic resort with beautiful beaches on the Dniester .

In 1939, after the German attack on Poland , the Polish government was in Zalishchyky for some time (later it was evacuated to England through Romania ).

Later, Zalishchyky became part of the USSR and in 1939 received the status of a city of regional subordination ^{[2] [3]} . February 24, 1940 the publication of a local newspaper began here ^[4] .

During the Great Patriotic War on July 7, 1941, the Zalishchiki were occupied by the advancing German troops ^{[5] [6]} .

March 24, 1944 was liberated from Nazi German troops by Soviet troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front during the Proskurovsky-Chernivtsi operation : ^[5]

• 1st Panzer Army composed of: 20th Guards. MBR (Colonel Babadzhanyan, Amazasp Khachaturovich ) of the 8th Guards. mk

( Major General Dremov, Ivan Fedorovich ).

The troops participating in the breakthrough of the enemy’s defense, during which Zalishchyky and other cities were liberated, were thanked by order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin dated March 24, 1944, and 20 artillery salvoes of 224 guns were saluted in the capital of the USSR , Moscow .

By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin dated 04.04.1944 No. 078 to commemorate the victory won, the compound that distinguished itself in the battles for the liberation of the city of Zalishchyky received the name "Zaleshchytsky": ^[5] , ^[7]

• 20th Guards Mechanized Brigade (Colonel Babadzhanyan, Amazasp Khachaturovich ). ^[8]

In the post-war years, industrial enterprises, houses, roads, destroyed by the war, were restored in Zalishchyky. Brick and canneries, a food factory, a bakery, an oil factory were put into operation. A corn calibration factory, a textile and haberdashery factory and a household goods factory were built.

In the 1980s, Zalishchyky was a climatic resort, there was a children's sanatorium, a rest house, a recreation center, as well as several food and light industry enterprises ^[2] .

In January 1989, the population was12,646 people ^[9] , at this time there was an art and textile production association, food (including canning) industry enterprises and a local history museum ^[3] .

In May 1995, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine approved a decision on the privatization of a cannery and agricultural machinery located in the city ^[10] .

As of January 1, 2013, the population was 9,417 people ^[11] .

Railway station Zalishchyky ^{[2] [3]} Lviv Railway

• runs a fast train Kiev-Rakhiv, as well as diesel trains Zalishchyky-Kolomyya and Zalishchyky-Ternopol.

Also through the city are the roads M-19 ( E 85 ), T-2018 .

• On the mass grave of Soviet soldiers who fell in World War II , a monument was erected ( 1958 ), a cross was erected nearby in honor of the dead soldiers-bequeathed ( 1999 ). Near the mass grave on a pedestal is the T-34 tank.
• On May 9, 1971, a monument to the Heroes of the Dniester was opened at the highway bridge (sculptors I. Kozlik and V. Kolesnik, architect G. Karasev).
• Not far from the railway bridge is a stone cross, which was put up by the villager I. Tomchishin in memory of political prisoners who were blown up by explosives in cars and thrown back from the bridge of the Dniester Red Army units in June 1941 (see Zaleshchytsya tragedy ).

• Agrobud
• "Arm"
• "Dnistryanka"
• "Milk Gifts"
• "Olympus"
• "Peony"
• Rommar
• "Andriatic"
• Canning factory.

• VP NUBiP of Ukraine Zaleshchytsky Agrarian College named after ра. Khraplivogo.
• Vocational school.
• Gymnasium
• Two comprehensive schools.
• Zalishchytska Oblast Special Boarding School І — ІІ Art.
• School of Music.
• Art school.
• Sport school.
• Center for scientific and technical creativity of schoolchildren.
• District House of Children and Youth Creativity.
• 2 kindergartens.
• Children's rheumatological sanatorium.
• District hospital.
• Clinic.
• Regional hospital for the disabled and repressed.
• Regional anti-tuberculosis sanatorium.

There are the State Museum of Local Lore and 4 public museums, the regional House of Folk Arts, libraries, a cinema.

• Zborovsky, Leopold (1889-1932) - poet, art collector, philanthropist.
• Popovich, Emelian Aleksandrovich (1856-1930) - Ukrainian political figure, publicist, teacher.

• Zaleszczyki 1.) miasto powiatowe // Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich. - Warszawa: Filip Sulimierski i Władysław Walewski, 1895. - T. XIV: Worowo - Żyżyn. - S. 345—347
• Zalіshchiki // Encyclopedia of Advanced Ukraine: at 30 tons / ed. count І. M. Dziuba [that ін.]; NAS of Ukraine, NTSH, Coordination Bureau of Encyclopedia of Advanced Ukraine NAS of Ukraine. - К., 2003¬ – 2016. - ISBN 944-02-3354-X .
• Zalіshchiki // Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine: at 10 tons / editorial board: V. A. Smoliy (head) and ін. ; Institute of History of Ukraine NAS of Ukraine. - K.: Science. Dumka, 2005. - T. 3: E - Y. - S. 242. - ISBN 966-00-0610-1 .

• Zaleschitsy Centralized Library System (in Ukrainian)