The ground beetle is golden [2] , or the ground beetle is gold-bearing ( lat. Carabus auratus ) - a rare [3] species of beetles of the subfamily of ground beetles ( Carabinae ) from the family of ground beetles ( Carabidae ). Beetles are not able to fly [4] .
| Golden ground beetle |
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| Scientific classification |
|---|
| No rank : | Bilateral symmetric |
| Hoard : | Insects with full transformation |
| Suborder : | Carnivorous beetles |
| View: | Golden ground beetle |
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| International Scientific Name |
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Carabus auratus Linnaeus , 1761 |
| Synonyms |
|---|
- Carabus auratoides Reitter, 1896 [1]
- Carabus brullei Géhin, 1885 [1]
- Carabus catalaunicus hehin, 1885 [1]
- Carabus concyri P. Machard, 1973 [1]
- Carabus confluentinus Bocklet, 1904 [1]
- Carabus dufouranis Csiki, 1927 [1]
- Carabus isignyensis P. Machard, 1977 [1]
- Carabus labittei Clément, 1904 [1]
- Carabus laniarius Gistel, 1857 [1]
- Carabus laticollaris Bocklet, 1904 [1]
- Carabus navarricus Lapouge, 1925 [1]
- Carabus obscuricornis Beuthin, 1885 [1]
- Carabus perauratus Reitter, 1896 [1]
- Carabus quadricostatus Bocklet, 1904 [1]
- Carabus rotundatus Born, 1895 [1]
- Carabus sulcatissimus Lapouge, 1898 [1]
- Carabus sulcatus DeGeer, 1774 [1]
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| Subspecies |
|---|
- Carabus auratus auratus Linnaeus, 1761
- Carabus auratus honnoratii Dejean, 1826
- Carabus auratus lasserrei Doué, 1855
- Carabus auratus lotharingus Dejean, 1826
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Content
This species lives in Europe and Central Asia . In Russia, it is found in the south of the European part.
Introduced into North America [4] through the work of the Washington Entomological Society. In the US, beetles feed on a pest, an unpaired silkworm . In North America, beetles settled and settled in the southeastern United States and in the province of Quebec ( Canada ) [5] .
The body length of beetles is 17-30 mm [6] . The body on top is green or bronze [7] , with a golden hue and a metallic sheen. The bottom of the body is black, the front part has a barely visible greenish tint [8] .
The head is weakly punctured, with two longitudinal indentations between the antennae. Oral organs and four first (from head) antennal segments red [8] .
The chest is like the head with a longitudinal depression in the middle; there are also transverse notches on the chest near the rear catch. Elytra closing along the seam oval and convex; each of the elytra has three protruding grooves, in the intervals between which tiny protruding grains are scattered [8] .
Legs are long, brown-red. The paws are brown [8] [9] .
Dwells on fields , meadows , forest edges, arable lands and gardens , prefers sandy- clay soils [10] [11] [12] [13] . Unlike most other species of the genus, Carabus is active during the day. Predator - feeds on land invertebrates - insects , mollusks , earthworms and others [5] . Larvae live under stones [14] .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Dmitry Telnov . Handbook of Latvian coleoptera. List of Latvian beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) (en, lv) = Compendium of Latvian Coleoptera. Check-List of Latvian Beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera): biology. - Latvia, Riga: Latvijas Entomoloģijas biedrība , 2004. - T. I , No. 2 . - ISBN 9984-9768-0-7 .
- ↑ Striganova B. R. , Zakharov A. A. Pyatiazychny dictionary of animal names: Insects (Latin-Russian-English-German-French) / . - M .: RUSSO, 2000. - p. 103. - 1060 copies. - ISBN 5-88721-162-8 .
- ↑ Werner Ulrich, Jarosław Boszko & Adam Czarnecki. Planet of Regional Landscapes ( Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Agricultural Landscapes (English) . - Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board, 2004. - Vol. 41 - P. 501-512 . - ISSN 0003-455X .
- 2 1 2 Nelson, R. E. & Reynolds, R. A. Carabus auratus L. and Clivina fossor L. (Coleoptera: Carabidae): New Records of Two Introduced Taxa in the Northwest and Northeast USA (eng.) . - Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 1987. - Vol. 95 (1) . - P. 10-13 . - ISSN 0028-7199 .
- ↑ 1 2 Species Carabus auratus (English) . BugGuide.net. The appeal date is April 24, 2011. Archived April 16, 2012.
- ↑ Wolfgang Büchs, Alexandra Harenberg, Joachim Zimmermann & Birgit Weiß. Biodiversity, the ultimate agri-environmental indicator? Potential indicators in agroecosystems (Eng.) : Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. - Elsevier, 2003. - Vol. 98 - P. 99–123 . (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Carl H. Lindroth. 1 // The Carabidae (Coleoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark / E. J. Brill. - Leiden, Copenhaden: Scandinavian Science Press Ltd, 1985. - p. 57. - 355 p. - ISBN 87-87491-25-7 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Sir William Jardine. The Naturalist's Library: Duncan, J. The Natural History of Beetles. ... - London: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1835. - T. II. - p. 125. - 269 p. - ISBN 978-1142627171 .
- ↑ Bernd Heinrich. A Biologist`s Life in the Field. In a Patch of Fireweed .. - Printed in the United States of America: 1991 (1984). - p. 16. - 194 s. - ISBN 0-674-44548-1 .
- ↑ Ulrich Brose. Island biogeography of temporary wetland carabid beetle communities (eng.) : Journal of Biogeography. - Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2003. - Vol. 30 - P. 879–888 . (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Thomas F. Döring, & Bernhard Kromp. —A review of the relative cereals from Germany and Switzerland : Ecology, Ecosystems and Environment. - Elsevier, 2003. - Vol. 98 - P. 153–161 . (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Michael Gerisch, Arno Schanowski, Wolfgang Figura, Bernd Gerken, Frank Dziock & Klaus Henle. Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) as Indicators of the Grasslands . - Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol, 2006. - Vol. 91 , no. 4 - P. 326–340 . DOI : 10.1002 / iroh.200610888
- ↑ Louis Figuier & Y. D. Edward wesley Janson. The Worldwide Interesting Species. - New York: The Library of University of California, 1868. - p. 482. - 519 p.
- ↑ Dr. Harald Brüssow. The Quest For Food: A Natural History Of Eating. - Switzerland: Springer, 2007. - p. 554. - 866 p. - ISBN 978-0387-45461-0 .
