Salad (the singular is the salad from the French salade , which in turn came from Italian celata ; curiously, in German, Italian celata was originally transcribed as German tschelede , but then gradually acquired a modern look of German Schaller , and in Spain celata turned into capacete , which later became the name of the eponymous helmet cabinets ) - a group of helmets (the end of XIV - beginning of the XVI) originated from bascinet , different in shape (from helmet-like to hat-like), but having common feature the presence of the backstop (especially About the long from the German salads) without a visor.
The helmet was popular with both infantry and knights . With the difference that the knights quite often (but not always) preferred the option with a small visor, while archers and crossbowmen preferred options with an open face, and salads worn by ordinary infantry often had fields that made them look like aizenhuts . Nevertheless, the salads with fields were met by the knights, and the decorated salad with an open face was a popular parade helmet worn by knights outside the battlefield.
Originally originating in Italy, salads gained immense popularity in Germany, becoming in the second half of the 15th century a typical German helmet, which is a characteristic feature of gothic armor , also associated with Germany. Subsequently, it was the German salads of the second half of the XV century that became the prototypes of the German helmet .
In the 15th century, first in the German lands, and then in other countries, a new type of pair knightly duel spreads at the tournament rennen , for which a special type of semi- armor is produced - renncaleg , an essential element of which becomes a salad, sometimes supplied with a visor.
- Bologna or Venetian Salad - another name for barbute
- Burgundy Salad - another name for burginoth ( NB : 15th century Burgundy salads are not burginots)
- Luccan (or Lucca) Salad - the common name for Italian Salads used in the XIX century
- Tatar "Salad" - used in the XIX century, the naming of eastern shishakov (the term is almost out of use)
Content
See also
- Cerveler
- Chapel
- Cabinets
- Morion
- Armet
- Bokoket
- Barbute
- Bascinet
- Hundsgugel
- Burginot
- Topfelm
- “ Toad Head ”
Literature
- Beheim Vendalen . Encyclopedia of weapons / Per. with him. A. A. Devel et al. Ed. A. N. Kirpichnikova . - SPb .: Orchestra, 1995. - 576 pp., Ill. - ISBN 5-87685-029-X .
- Winkler P.P. von Encyclopedia of Weapons from Ancient Times to the Beginning of the 19th Century. - SPb .: Leningrad Publishing House, 2009. - 432 pp., Ill. - ISBN 978-5-9942-0420-7 .
- Efimov S.V., Rymsha S.S. Weapons of Western Europe of the XV-XVII centuries - Volume 1. Armor, bladed weapons, weapons on the shafts. - SPb .: Atlant, 2009. - 400 pp., Ill. - A series of "Armory Academy". - ISBN 978-5-98655-022-0 .
- Okshott Evart . Knight and his armor. Plate vestments and weapons / Trans. from English A. N. Anvaera. - M .: ZAO “ Tsentrpoligraf ”, 2007. - 192 pp., Ill. - ISBN 978-5-9524-2636-8 .
- Functional F., Functional L. Middle Ages. VIII — XV century: Armor and weapons / Trans. from French N. P. Sokolov. - M .: OOO AST; Astrel, 2004. - 148, [2] pp., Ill. - Series "Encyclopedia of weapons and military costume." - ISBN 978-5-17-014496-9 .
Gallery
Salads of several types.
Salad with a visor in the form of blacksmith furs (transitional type from a salad to a closed helmet ).
Double visor (transitional type to the armet ), bevor fixed on the same points of the suspension as the head plate. Some salads of this type could have additional protection for the neck located below the "tail".
Bekheim's Luccan Salad (late 15th century).
Knight's Salad of the late 15th century.
The fifteenth-century salad in the Anglo-Burgundian style, as can be seen, differs markedly from the fifteenth-century "Burgundy salad
See also
- Buvier
- Gothic armor
- Rentsoyg