Prince Junio Valerio Shipione Borghese ( Italian: Junio Valerio Scipione Ghezzo Marcantonio Maria dei principi Borghese ; June 6, 1906 , Rome - August 26, 1974 , Cadiz ) - Italian military and political figure, captain of the 2nd rank ( Italian. capitano di fregata ).
| Junio Valerio Shipione Borghese | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Junio Valerio Borghese, photograph of the times of the Italian Social Republic | |||||||
| Nickname | The Black Prince | ||||||
| Date of Birth | June 6, 1906 | ||||||
| Place of Birth | Rome , Italy | ||||||
| Date of death | August 26, 1974 (68 years old) | ||||||
| A place of death | Cadiz , Spain | ||||||
| Affiliation |
 Italian Social Republic | ||||||
| Type of army | Naval forces | ||||||
| Years of service | 1928-1945 | ||||||
| Rank |  frigate captain ( 2nd rank captain ) | ||||||
| Commanded | 10th | ||||||
| Battles / wars | The Second World War | ||||||
| Awards and prizes |
| ||||||
| Retired | leader of the Italian extreme right | ||||||
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Coup attempt
- 3 Personal life
- 4 Recent years and death
- 5 Works
- 6 notes
- 7 Literature
Biography
Born June 6, 1906 in Rome , in the aristocratic family of Borghese [1] .
In 1928 he graduated from the Naval Academy in Livorno and enlisted in the submarine fleet. Since 1933 - the commander of a submarine. Since 1941, as acting, since 1943 officially commanded the 10th flotilla of assault funds, which became the most successful formation of the Royal Naval Forces of Italy .
The 10th flotilla was formed mainly from volunteers, as well as military personnel - convinced fascists . The flotilla was used for various sabotage operations. The division was originally part of the 1st IAS Flotilla, then it was named the tenth IAS Flotilla . MAS stands for Ital. Mezzi d'Assalto - assault weapons; there is also an ital option . Motoscafo Armato Silurante - armed torpedo boats. He personally commanded a submarine, carried out a number of successful operations, sank the ships of the Allies with a total displacement of 75 thousand tons. He received the nickname "Black Prince" . He initiated the creation of a unit in the 10th flotilla using torpedoes manned by commando submarines. He supported the regime of the Republic of Salo .
In 1943, he was appointed commander of the squadron of destroyers in Anzio , tried to organize an offensive operation, but failed. In 1945 - 1949 he was serving a term in prison.
After his release, he was one of the leaders of the Italian extreme right . He was charged with terrorist attacks against foreign courts in Italy and against left activists. He was accused of attempting a coup in 1970 . Since 1970 he lived in Spain . He is the author of the memoir “The Tenth Flotilla of the IAU” (first edition - Milan , 1950).
Coup attempt
After the plot of the coup d'etat, which ended on the night of December 8, 1970 (the Feast of the Immaculate Conception), called the Putsch Borghese, was terminated, he was forced to cross the border to avoid arrest and interrogation. In 1984, ten years after the death of Borghese, the Supreme Court of Cassation ruled that there was no attempted coup.
However, the attempt is well known in Italy and director Mario Monicelli made a satire on him under the title “ We Want Colonels ” (1972). The protagonist (played by Hugo Tonyazzi ) is a pompous neo-fascist politician named Tritoni, a clear allusion to Borghese, who was sometimes called the prince of frogs in Italy, after his stay in the landing assault squad. [2]
Personal life
On September 30, 1931, Borghese married the Russian countess Daria Vasilyevna Olsufieva (1909-1963) (great-great-great-granddaughter of Emperor Alexander I ), with whom he had four children and who died in a car accident in 1963. Her name is a prize for the experts on Rome .
Recent years and death
On 26 August 1974, Junio Valerio Borghese died under mysterious circumstances in Cadiz, Spain, at the age of 68, [3] being a political outcast and avoiding social ties due to his political extremism and disregard for the external norms of modern aristocratic etiquette and behavior. In the death certificate, the cause of death is recorded as “acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis”; however, since the prince was visited by a doctor who found him in good shape just a few days before, it was suggested that the circumstances of his death, characterized by a sudden onset of abdominal pain immediately after dinner, could be compatible with arsenic poisoning. [four]
He is buried in the chapel of the Borghese family in the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome.
Compositions
- Publications in Russian
- Borghese V. Tenth Flotilla MAC = J. Valerio Borghese. Decima flottiglia mas. Milano, 1950 / W. Borghese; Per. with ital. S.V. Slavina and Yu. A. Karulin ; Binding artist M.I. Eltsufen . - M .: Publishing house of foreign literature , 1957. - 288 p. (in per.)
- Becker K., Borghese V. Underwater Legions of the Fuhrer and the Duce / Caius Becker, Valerio Borghese; Per. with him. L. S. Azarh, A. G. Bubnovsky, with Italian. S.V. Slavina. - M .: Veche , 2005 .-- 480 p. - (Mysteries of the Third Reich). - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-9533-0633-4 . (per.)
Notes
- ↑ Full title of father - 11 ° Principe di Sulmona, 11 ° Principe di Montecompatri, 11 ° Principe di Vivaro, 12 ° Principe di Rossano, 11 ° Duca di Palombara, 11 ° Duca di Poggio Nativo, 5 ° Duca di Canemorto e Castelchiodato, 11 ° Marchese di Mentana, Norma, Civitella di Pratica, Moricone e Percile, 11 ° Conte di Vallinfreda, 11 ° Barone di Cropalati, Principe Romano, Nobile Romano coscritto, Signore di Scarpa, Castelvecchio, Collepiccolo, Licenza, Monteporzio, , Cretone, Morlupo, Olevano, Poggio Moriano, Pretescia, Pozzaglia, Stabia e Stazzano, Nobile di Corneto, Patrizio di Genova, Venezia e Napoli, Grande de Espana.
- ↑ Junio Valerio Borghese - Wikipedia
- ↑ Greene, Jack (2004). The Black Prince and the Sea Devils: the story of Valerio Borghese and the elite commandos of the Decima MAS (1. ed.). Cambridge, Mass .: Da Capo Press. pp. 234-235. ISBN 978-0306813115 .
- ↑ http://www.misteriditalia.it/golpeborghese/Borgheseindigestioneoveleno%28LEuropeo%29.pdf
Literature
- Borghese Unio V. Sea Devils // Underwater saboteurs in World War II. - M .: Publishing house AST, 2001. - ISBN 5-17-008535-4 . (per.)
- Borghese V., Demare P. Borghese. Black prince of torpedo people / Comp. Nikolai Nepomniachtchi. - M .: Veche , 2002 .-- 480 p. - (Military secrets of the XX century). - 7,000 copies. - ISBN 5-7838-1082-7 . (in per.)