Isaac Solomonovich (Itzik) Fefer ( Yiddish איציק פֿעפֿער ; 10 [23] September, 1900 - August 12, 1952 ) is a Jewish Soviet poet and public figure. He wrote in Yiddish .
| Itzik Fefer | ||
|---|---|---|
| איציק פֿעפֿער | ||
 | ||
| Birth name | Isaac Solomonovich Fefer | |
| Date of Birth | September 10 (23) 1900 | |
| Place of Birth | Shpola , Zvenigorod County , Kiev Province , Russian Empire | |
| Date of death | August 12, 1952 (51 year) | |
| Place of death | Moscow | |
| Citizenship |  the USSR | |
| Occupation | poet , public figure | |
| Language of Works | Yiddish | |
| Awards |
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Content
Biography
Father - teacher, author of poems , who wrote in the style of folk poetry ; mother is a chauffeur. He received a home education under the guidance of his father.
A twelve-year-old teenager went to work in a printing house . In 1917, he joined the Bund , and in 1919 he joined the Bolshevik Party and joined the Red Army as a volunteer. Captured by Denikin's counterintelligence, he was sent to a prison in Kiev , from where he was released by armed workers.
He edited literary magazines in Yiddish and took an active part in the life of the writing organizations of Ukraine and Moscow. He was a member of the Presidium of the SSP of the Ukrainian SSR and a member of the board of the SSP of the USSR . Order bearer.
After the start of the Second World War evacuated to Ufa, in April 1942 he became a member (from 1945 - responsible secretary) of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee at the Soviet Information Bureau .
From April 1942 - deputy editor of the Einikayt (Unity) newspaper published by the EAC . In the summer of 1943, on behalf of the Soviet leadership, together with S. Mikhoels traveled to the United States, Canada, Mexico and England to raise funds for the Red Army. In February 1944, together with S. Mikhoels and S. Epstein, he signed a letter to JV Stalin requesting the organization of Jewish autonomy in the Crimea.
He worked closely with the NKVD , had secret meetings with L.P. Beria ; during the war, he was supervised by the deputy head of the counterintelligence department of the NKGB, L. F. Reikhman . Fefer’s connections with the GB Mikhoels and members of the EAC Presidium guessed (or knew), but didn’t hide anything from him, believing that all the activities of the committee were for the benefit of the state.
After the defeat of the EAK and arrest (Fefer was arrested one of the first), he stipulates not only his comrades on the committee, but also himself, cooperating with the investigation and hoping for a special attitude. Only at the end of the trial, when the defendants did not admit their guilt and told about the methods used in the investigation, Fefer realized that there would be no mercy on him, and he refused his testimony.
That's what Itzik Fefer said: “Investigator Likhachev told me:“ If we arrested you, we will find a crime ... We will drive out all that we need from you. ”So it turned out. I am not a criminal, but being strongly intimidated, I gave fictional testimony to myself and others. ”
On August 12, 1952, Fefer was shot by the verdict of the special judicial panel in the EAK case, along with other figures of the Jewish culture of the USSR.
“The investigation into the case of the arrested former leaders of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee established that during their stay in the USA, MIHOELS and FEFER met with Weizmann H. and gave him slanderous information about the situation of Jews in the USSR,” the Minister of State Security, S. D. Ignatiev , noted to the secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Malenkov from 07.02.1953 [1] .
He was posthumously rehabilitated in November 1955. At the Moscow Nikolo-Arkhangelsk cemetery I. Feferu installed a cenotaph.
Daughter - Dora Isaakovna Fefer-Kalish (1924).
Creativity
He made his debut in 1919 in the Kiev newspaper "Komunistiš von" ("The Communist Banner"), was published in the newspapers "Yunt", "Naye Tsayt", "Folks-Zeitung", "Stern", "Ukraine", "Prolatarishe von" and others He became one of the leaders of the Kiev literary group "Widward" ("Growth"), the publishing house of which in 1922 published his first collection "Shpener" ("Slippings").
From 1922 to 1948 he wrote a series of poems, ballads, fables included in the collections of his poems. Fefer's works were repeatedly published in Russian translation.
It was the most politicized among Jewish poets. Collections of poems and poems of Fefer are mainly devoted to the construction of socialism. The play "The Sun Does Not Set" (1947) was staged in the State .
Awards
- Order of the Badge of Honor (01/31/1939)
Bibliography
In Russian
- Collection of poems / Preface. M. Ravich-Cherkassky. - M.L.: OGIZ-GIKHL, 1931. - 108 p.
- Selected Poems / Trans. from Heb. - M .: Goslitizdat, 1935. - 154, [4] pp .: 1 p. announced
- Poems and poems / Trans. from Heb. Portr. Z. Tolkachev. - M .: Goslitizdat, 1938. - 272 p.
- Poems / Trans. from Heb. - Kiev: Ukrgosnatzmenzdat, 1939. - 47 p.
- Treasure: Poems / Trans. from Heb. [Fig. G. Kravtsova]. - M .: Goslitizdat, 1939. - 136 pp .: ill.
- Berlin night: [Verses]. - [Ufa]: SSP of Ukraine, 1942. - 22, [2] with.
- War song: [Verses]. - [Ufa]: SSP of Ukraine, 1942. - 28 p.
- War and people: [Poems]. - Ufa: Bashgosizdat, 1942. - 32 p.
- Two worlds: [Verses]. - Kuybyshev: OblGIZ, 1943. - 38, [2] p.
- Selected / Trans. from Heb. Ed. and entry Art. P. Antokolsky. - M .: Owls. writer, 1957. - 393 pp .: 1 p. porr.
- Poems and poems / Trans. from Heb. - M .: Goslitizdat, 1958. - 319 pp .: 1 l. porr.
- Friendship: Poems and Fairy Tales / Trans. from Heb. [Ill .: V. Lazarevskaya]. - M .: Detgiz, 1958. - 80 pp .: ill.
- Poems / Trans. from Heb. [Int. Art. P. Balashov]. - M .: Hood. lit., 1969. - 287 s .: 1 l. porr.