Runge, Fridlieb Ferdinand

Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge ( German: Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge ; February 8, 1795 , Billverder, near Hamburg - March 25, 1867 , Oranienburg ) - German organic chemist.

Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge
Friedlieb ferdinand runge
Date of Birth
Place of Birth
Date of death
Place of death
A country
Scientific field	chemistry
Place of work
Alma mater	University of Berlin University of Gottingen Jena University
supervisor
Known as	discovered quinine and caffeine

He studied medicine at the University of Berlin and Göttingen , medicine and chemistry at the University of Jena (doctor of medicine, 1819; doctor of philosophy, 1822). From 1826 to 1831 he worked at the University of Breslau (from 1828 - professor of chemistry). In 1832-1852 - Technical Director of a chemical plant in Oranienburg.

The most important scientific works are devoted to the study of organic compounds, including alkaloids and dyes. In 1819 he described the toxic properties of atropine and its ability to dilate the pupil , isolated quinine from the bark of a quinine tree (a year before P.J. Peltier and J. B. Cavantou ), and for the first time isolated caffeine . Researched floral pigments and tannins. In 1831, during a cholera epidemic, he proposed using chlorine as a disinfectant (instead of vinegar and sulfur dioxide). In 1834, carbolic acid , pyrrole , quinoline and aniline (“chianol”) were isolated from coal tar ; found that the oxidation of aniline leads to the formation of colored products. I obtained a blue dye from aniline by the action of bleach, and black by the action of potassium dichromate and sulfuric acid.

He is the author of the three-volume monograph Chemistry of Dyes (1834-1850), the textbook Basics of Chemistry (1846-1847).