The aquifer is common , or Aquileus ordinary [2] ( Latin Aquilégia vulgáris ) - a perennial herb , a species of the genus Catchment ( Aquilegia ) of the family Buttercups ( Ranunculaceae ). The plant is actively used in ornamental gardening, many varieties have been developed.
| Catchment ordinary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 General view of a flowering plant in nature. Estonia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International Scientific Name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aquilegia vulgaris L. (1753) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subsidiary taxa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Distribution and habitat
The species range covers the middle and southern regions of Europe , Scandinavia . Delivered to North America .
On the territory of Russia it is found in the European part and in Western Siberia ; specified for Kamchatka Krai [3] .
It grows in meadows, in forests and parks, sometimes on sandy soil.
Botanical description
Stem branched in the upper part, glabrous or hairy, 30-70 cm high.
Leaves below are lighter than the top, sometimes bluish, pubescent. Bottom leaves are trifoliate twice, on long petioles , consist of rounded wedge-shaped leaves 2.5–5 cm long and 1.5–2 cm wide. Stem on short petioles of the same shape.
The flowers are blue, pink, purple, red or, rarely, white, 4-5 cm in diameter. The petals are about 3 cm long and 1 cm wide, blunt, with spurs thickly hooked at the end. Sepals 1.5-2.5 cm long, ciliate, ovate or oval-lanceolate. Flower formula : {\ displaystyle \ ast K_ {5} \; C_ {5} \; A _ {\ infty} \; G_ {5-15}} [4] .
The ovaries are glandular, fluffy, in the amount of 5-8.
Seeds are shiny, black.
Toxicity
The plant is poisonous .
Cultivars catchment ordinary |
In culture
Often used in gardens as an ornamental , many garden forms are displayed, differing in the shape and color of flowers.
In culture since 1373 [5] .
Blossoms in June - July. It has ornamental varieties with white, pink or purple flowers.
Hardy to -35 ° C. Aquilegia ordinary easily runs wild and is often found in abandoned parks, forests and meadows adjacent to old estates. In culture, the species is usually represented by garden forms, semi-double and non-mountain (stellate or stellar) - Aquilegia vulgaris var. stellata hort.
The main forms and varieties of aquilegia ordinary:
- Flore Pleno Black - up to 80 cm tall, flowers are terry dark red, almost black;
- 'Granny's Bonnet' - flowers pink-purple terry; terryness is created by increasing the number of corolla petals;
- Nivea - flowers blue-violet with white stripes;
- 'Peachy Woodside' - bushes up to 75 cm, peach-pink flowers, yellowish leaves;
- `Pom Crimson` - flowers terry, brownish with white center;
- `Silver Edge` - flowers mauve, leaves with a white edge or whitish;
- Aquilegia vulgaris var. stellata ('Green Apples') - flowers whitish-green;
- 'Woodside Double' - double flowers, purple-blue.
- Aquilegia vulgaris 'Winky' ( Aquilegia vulgaris 'Winky'). It is used not only for cultivation in an open ground, but also in pot culture. The bush is compact, 35-50 cm tall. Numerous dark pink, white-violet flowers (4.5-5.5 cm in diameter) rise above the dense "cushion" of leaves on strong, erect peduncles. The flowers are directed upwards. Differs in high winter hardiness.
- Aquilegia vulgaris plena 'Ruby Port'. The height of the plant is 90-110 cm. The flowers are double, up to 4.5 cm in diameter, dark red [5] .
Taxonomic position
The water catchment species is a member of the water catch class ( Aquilegia ) of the Buttercup family ( Ranunculaceae ) of the order Butter - flowered ( Ranunculales ).
| 6 more families (according to the APG III System ) | about 65 more species | ||||||||||||
| order of buttercups | genus watershed | ||||||||||||
| department Flowering, or Angiosperms | family of buttercups | view catchment ordinary | |||||||||||
| another 58 orders of flowering plants (according to the APG III System ) | about 50 more births | ||||||||||||
Notes
- ↑ About the conditionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a higher taxon for the group of plants described in this article, see the section “APG Systems” of the article “Dicotyledons” .
- ↑ The Russian name “aquilegia ordinary” is used in the book: Proceedings of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the USSR Academy of Sciences. - V. 129. - The Urals. Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1979. - p. 18 and 40. and other scientific journals.
- ↑ Aquilegia vulgaris : information about the taxon in the Plantarium project (a determinant of plants and an illustrated atlas of species).
- ↑ Ecoflora of Ukraine = Ecoflora of Ukraine (ukr.) / Vidpov. editor Y.P. Dіduh. - Kyiv: Phytosociocentre, 2004. - T. 2. - 480 p. .
- ↑ 1 2 Aquilegia vulgaris in the Encyclopedia of Ornamental Garden Plants (Tested on December 7, 2011)
Literature
- Flora of the USSR : 30 tons / hl. ed. V.L. Komarov . - M. L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1937. - T. 7 / ed. volume B. K. Shishkin . - p. 94-95. - 792, XXVI p. - 5200 copies
- Gubanov, I.A., et al. 583. Aquilegia vulgaris L., “Water Collection, Ordinary,” Illustrated Guide to Plants in Central Russia. In 3 t . - M .: T-in scientific. ed. KMK, In-t technologist. Ex., 2003. - T. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledons: otloplepestnye). - p. 198. - ISBN 9-87317-128-9 .