Gorodetsky district

Located in its central part. In the south-west it borders with the Balakhna region, in the east with Borsky , in the north-west with Sokolsky , and in the northeast with Koverninsky districts.

Climate

The climate of Gorodetsky District is moderately continental. The average temperature of the coldest month is January –12 ° C, and the warmest one is July +19 ° C. The average duration of the frost-free period lasts about 146 days. Rainfall varies between 450 and 550 mm per year.

Climatic conditions favor the active human habitation and contribute to the cultivation of most of the crops that are common in the middle zone of the European part of the country.

Gorodets is one of the oldest Russian cities. It was founded in 1152 by Prince Yury Dolgoruky . It was built as a fortress on the steep and steep left bank of the Volga about 50 kilometers above the confluence of the Oka. Like most of the ancient Russian cities, Gorodets consisted of two parts: the Detinets (Kremlin) and the handicraft tenements, which had two lines of fortifications. In February 1238 , as a result of the Tatar-Mongol invasion, the city was burned down, and its inhabitants were almost completely exterminated by the Mongol-Tatar invaders. After that, in the XIII - XIV centuries, the political importance of Gorodets began to fall. With the development of Nizhny Novgorod, its military significance decreased.

In 1408, Gorodets was completely burned down by the Tatar khan Edigey heading for Moscow from Kazan. The defeat was so great that after the city failed to recover, and almost 150 years remained in ruins. Over time, the eponymous village grew on this place, which marked the beginning of the modern city.

Before the October Revolution, the village of Gorodets was a large shopping center, a merchant village that consisted of 10 churches, one cathedral, the Fedorovsky monastery (the richest landowner on the city of Gorodets), 12 prayer houses, 29 taverns. Gorodetsky merchants - bread traders had their own ships, barges, on which from the lower reaches of the Volga and Kama brought a huge amount of bread.

The laboring population, due to lack of land, was engaged in a wide variety of handicrafts and outgoing fisheries. Gorodets was a significant center of wooden shipbuilding and woodworking industries. Pottery and gold-embroidery, spinning, weaving, production of painted wooden and clay toys, embroidery, lace-making were also developed. With great art, they cut out gingerbread boards here, with the help of which the famous Gorodetsky gingerbreads were printed. A special place among the handicrafts of the land of Gorodetsky was occupied by decorative woodcarving and artistic painting, which is now a real folk art. By the end of the XIX century, Gorodets was listed as a village and was part of Balakhna district. It was crowded - according to the census of 1897, it had 6,330 people.

Since 1922, Gorodets became a district town of the Nizhny Novgorod province. During the years of socialist construction, the ancient city turned into an interdistrict industrial center with numerous enterprises. The industry is represented by a ship-repairing mechanical factory, which specializes in the manufacture of ship mechanisms and spare parts for the repair of ship engines with small-scale production and repair of ships, Gorodetsky Shipyard, founded back in 1918, which, apart from barges, landing stages and shipwrights, mastered the production ferroconcrete landing stages, fish-freezing bases.

The light industry of the region has been successfully developed. Among the oldest enterprises is the factory "Gorodetsky painting", engaged in the production of art products and household furniture for the population. Preserved gingerbread production. Instead of small artisanal bakeries, a large factory was created, equipped with modern technology. It has long been in Gorodets there is another industry - satin stitch - manual and machine. Gorodets Strochevyshivalnaya Factory "Tatiana" - a large enterprise, whose products are known far beyond the boundaries of Gorodetsky district.

A special place in the Gorodetsky district is occupied by the young city of the Volga region. It is located on the right bank of the Volga opposite Gorodets. He largely defines the face of the region as the energy and engineering center of our country. The emergence and development of the city is associated with the construction of the Gorky hydroelectric station. Here is located the largest industrial enterprise of the Gorodetsky District - OJSC “Zavolzhsky Motor Plant”. Today, the enterprises of the city of Zavolzh'e produce electric power, create automobile engines and crawler tractors, produce reinforced concrete structures, and repair cars.

Urbanization

In urban conditions (the cities of Gorodets and Zavolzhye , the working village Pervomaisky ), 80.15% of the population of the region lives.

Until 2009, the district had 12 rural settlements (the Zarubinsky , Ilyinsky , Moshkovsky and Yagodno-Lesnovsky village councils were abolished ^[15] .

In Gorodetsky district there are 437 settlements consisting of three urban and nine rural settlements: