Prototype (from other Greek: πρῶτος “first” + τύπος “imprint, imprint; prototype”) - the prototype, a concrete historical or contemporary personality to the author, which served as his starting point for creating the image [1] .
Prototype (from the Greek. Protótypon - prototype), a real person, the idea of which served as the primary basis for the writer when creating the literary type, the image of a person - the hero of the work.
- TSB [2]
The meaning and significance of the literary hero is immeasurably wider than the immediate "nature" ("sample", "original") reproduced by the artist. A real person, becoming the subject of an artistic image, is transformed so much that it ceases to be equal to itself [2] .
The image of a person not only reproduces the individual features of the prototype, not only reflects the type of personality generated by the era: he is the realization of a new personality acquiring an independent being. This explains his ability to become a “prototype” of a special breed of people in life itself (“Turgenev women”) or a prototype for works of a different era (the image of Griboedov’s Molchalin in the works of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin ) [2] .
Directions and genres can influence the role of the prototype. The maximum “alignment” to the prototype is in “documentary prose”; however, here there remains a substantial difference between the hero and the prototype, revealing the “personal” point of view of the author (for example, “ How the steel was tempered ” by N. Ostrovsky or the essay stories by A. Yashin, E. Dorosh and others) [2] .
The significance of prototype research depends on its nature. The more striking the manifestation of society and history is the prototype, the more meaningful is its study and comparison with the image, since it turns out that the art reflects an extremely important, substantial, typical phenomenon of society.
The prototype can be not only real personalities, but also characters from other works.
Content
- 1 Prototype in children's literature
- 2 Examples of prototypes of heroes
- 3 Literature
- 4 notes
- 5 See also
Prototype in children's literature
In children's literature, a common situation is when the prototype is a child who is told a story (as if about him). Lewis Carroll told the story of Alice in Wonderland while riding in a boat with Alice Liddell , James Barry told tales about Peter Pan’s little namesake to his older brothers, Christopher Robin also became the prototype of the character of Alexander Milne’s fairy tales, and Alice Selezneva’s daughter, Cyrus Bulycheva .
Hero Prototype Examples
- The prototype of the hero of the film " Only" old men "go to battle, squadron commander Captain Alexei Titarenko (" Maestro ") - Hero of the Soviet Union Vitaly Popkov (1922-2010) [3] .
- The prototype of the hero of the film “ Shield and Sword ” by Johann Weiss is the Soviet intelligence officer Alexander Svyatogorov (1913-2008) [4] .
- The prototype of the hero of the book and the film " Deniskins Tales " Deniski is Denis Dragunsky , the son of the Soviet children's writer Viktor Dragunsky .
- The prototype of the hero " Tales of a Real Man " is Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Maresyev (1916-2001) [5] .
- The prototype of the hero of the song “ Combat ” performed by the Lube group is Hero of the Soviet Union Valery Vostrotin (born November 20, 1952) [6] [7] .
- The prototype of the hero of the poem K. M. Simonov “ The son of an artilleryman, ” Lieutenant Petrov (“Lenka”) - Lieutenant I. A. Loskutov (1918-1994).
- Possible prototypes of the hero of the novel Yulian Semenov “ Seventeen Moments of Spring ” and the legendary multi-part Soviet television movie “ Seventeen Moments of Spring ” by the Standartenfuhrer SS Shtirlitsa — Soviet intelligence agents Yakov Blyumkin (1900-1929), Alexander Korotkov (1909-1961), Isai Borovoy , Anatoly Gurevich Norman Borodin (1911-1974), as well as an employee of the Gestapo, the SS Hauptsturmfuhrer and criminal inspector Willy Leman (1884-1942).
- The prototype of the hero of the novel by Alexander Dumas “The Three Musketeers ” by Chevalier d'Artagnan is Charles Ogier de Batz de Castelmore d'Artagnan . Also, the protagonist of the novel “The Countess de Monsoreau” - Louis de Clermont, Count de Bussy, Senor d'Amboise - deducted from a real person with the same name.
- The prototype of the main negative character of the film " Back to the Future 2 " by Biff Tannen - Donald Trump [8] .
Literature
- Altman M.S. Russian writers and scholars in Russian literature of the 19th century // Articles and materials / N. A. Dobrolyubov .. - Gorky, 1965.
- Andreeva Yu.I. Where do the heroes of your favorite books come from. Literary Wonderland. Living Fates in Book Reflection .. - M. - St. Petersburg: Tsentrpoligraf, 2018. - 542 p. - ISBN 978-5-227-08060-8 .
- Andronikova M. I. From prototype to image. - M. , 1974.
Notes
- ↑ Literary Encyclopedia. T. 9. - 1935
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Prototype - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- ↑ The prototype of the hero of the film “Only the elderly go into battle” Vitaliy Popkov was awarded the medal “FOR OTHER OTHERS” // pobeda.ru unopened (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment January 21, 2010. Archived October 24, 2011.
- ↑ The prototype of the film “Shield and Sword” has died // vmdaily.ru
- ↑ Alexander Maresyev (1916), Russian pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union, prototype of the hero “Tales of a Real Man” // history.rin.ru
- ↑ Commander of the 9th company, the prototype of the hero of the song “Father Combat” goes to the State Duma. // ura.ru (October 03, 2007)
- ↑ Commander of the 9th company, the prototype of the hero of the song “Father-Combat” goes to the State Duma // edinros-zaural.ru (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Daily Beast: Biff Tannen Is Based on Donald Trump
See also
- Form
- Character