Novec ™ 1230 ( Fluorketon FC-5-1-12 ) is a liquid without color and odor, sometimes called “dry water” [1] .
| Novec 1230 | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Are common | |
| Systematic name | 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4- (trifluoromethyl) pentan-3-one |
| Traditional names | perfluoro (2-methyl-3-pentanone), perfluoro (ethyl-isopropyl ketone), Novec 1230 |
| Chem. formula | CF 3 CF 2 C (O) CF (CF 3 ) 2 |
| Physical properties | |
| condition | liquid |
| Molar mass | 316.04 g / mol |
| Density | 1.72 g / cm³ (1.72 kg / l) |
| Thermal properties | |
| T. melt. | −108 ° C |
| T. bale. | 49.2 ° C |
| T. aux. | No ° C |
| T. ign. | No ° C |
| T. svpl. | No ° C |
| Specific Heat of Evaporation | 95 kj / kg |
| Steam pressure | 40.4 kPa |
| Classification | |
| Reg. CAS number | 756-13-8 |
| PubChem | |
| Reg. EINECS number | |
| Smiles | |
| Inchi | |
| ChemSpider | |
| Security | |
| LD 50 | > 1200 mg / kg |
| Toxicity | Non toxic |
The chemical formula is CF 3 CF 2 C (O) CF (CF 3 ) 2 (perfluoro (ethyl isopropyl ketone ), a six-carbon substance, a fluorinated ketone discharge (the names of ketones R 1 —CO — R 2 are constructed according to the rules of the radical functional nomenclature, listing the names of the radicals R 1 and R 2 in alphabetical order before the word "ketone").
It was patented by 3M Corporation as a refrigerant during research on the replacement of Freon 114 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluorodichloroethane), the use of which, along with other chlorine-containing freons, was limited by the 1993 Montreal Protocol . First introduced in 2004.
Content
Properties
Visually, the liquid resembles pure water and is an insulator (it does not conduct electric current), it slightly moistens and is not a solvent - as a result, it is called “dry water”. The substance in its original form is non-toxic , has an extremely low solubility in water. Weak molecular bonds, decomposed by ultraviolet radiation .
Does not affect working electronics, does not destroy paper documents and artwork. These properties ensured the applicability of Novec 1230 in fire extinguishing systems for server rooms and other electronics, libraries, museums, archives.
Environmental Security
Novec 1230 is included in the list of substances approved for use in the former CIS under the name “Freon FK-5-1-12” (SP 5.13130.2009 [2] ).
3M has published a substance safety document [3] . It follows that the substance in its original form is non-toxic, has an extremely low solubility in water, which does not allow the substance to pass through cell membranes into the body. However, open substance should be handled with caution due to the low maximum permissible vapor concentration (150 ppm, partial pressure 15 Pa) and high volatility (partial pressure of saturated vapor 40 kPa under normal conditions ). Vapors of the substance decompose in the atmosphere under the influence of sunlight, ultraviolet radiation or when heated to form toxic substances, including hydrogen fluoride (when interacting with water vapor), trifluoroacetic acid , carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide . Therefore, 3M restricts the use of the substance to professional use only. When extinguishing a fire with Novec 1230, personnel must use insulating breathing apparatus .
One of the reaction products of Novec 1230 with methanol is Freon 227, which contributes to the greenhouse effect. [4] HFC-227ea also occurs during hydrolysis, and at pH = 5.6, the hydrolysis rate constant is ~ 2 10 −4 sec −1 . [four]
GOTV Novec ™ 1230 differs in its physicochemical properties from other gas extinguishing agents, so 3M restricts the use of the substance only in approved systems designed specifically for Novec ™ 1230.
In the case of a fire extinguishing system and the release of a fire extinguishing agent into the atmosphere, Novec 1230 is destroyed in the upper atmosphere by ultraviolet radiation and is removed from the environment within 5 days. There is no cumulative effect inherent in freons, that is, the substance does not persist in the atmosphere for decades and, especially, centuries. 3M claims that the decay products in the atmosphere do not affect the ozone layer and do not create a significant greenhouse effect . For comparison, the production of a gas fire extinguishing installation (GST) based on freon (348 kg of freon 227) is equivalent to the emission of 1,008,926 kg of CO 2 into the atmosphere, which is comparable to the annual emission of CO 2 from 211 cars. The production of a gas turbine-based gas turbine unit based on fluoroketones (401 kg Novec 1230) is equivalent to the emission of 401 kg CO 2 (0.07 cars per year). [5] It can also be commensurate with the carbon dioxide emissions from the activity of one cow for one month.
Synthesis
Perfluoroethyl isopropyl ketone is synthesized in two stages from perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene [6] .
At the first stage, perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene is epoxidized with sodium hypochlorite in aqueous diglyme to form 2,3-epoxyperfluoro2-methipentane, the yield reaches 93%.
In the second stage, upon heating in tetraglim in the presence of cesium fluoride, 2,3-epoxyperfluoro2-methipentane is rearranged to perfluoroethylisopropyl ketone with a yield of about 90%.
Application
The main application of Novec1230 is the use in fire extinguishing systems as a fire extinguishing agent . In this case, a combination of physical and chemical properties works.
Novec1230 intensively absorbs heat and suppression of the fire is due to the cooling effect (70%). A chemical flame inhibition reaction also occurs (30%)
At the same time, the oxygen concentration in the room does not decrease (which is important for increasing the time for evacuating people from the room).
Fire extinguishing systems based on Novec 1230 are installed in the Russian State Library for the Arts, Hardware and Recording Studios of the Bolshoi Theater , the Main Media Center of the Olympic Games in Sochi , the track for the highway-ring automobile races of the Sochi Formula 1 series, in the complex of new buildings of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts. Pushkin on Volkhonka in Moscow, in the apparatus of the Mariinsky Theater in St. Petersburg, the Museum of General Kolchinsky in Kolomna, the Museum of Musical Culture. Glinka in Moscow, the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg, at Russian railway facilities, in data processing centers of the largest Russian telecommunications companies, archives and depositories of banks, shopping and business centers, flight control centers at the airports of Vnukovo, Pulkovo, Koltsovo, Kazan, etc. .
It is also used for immersion cooling of electronics. [7]
Notes
- ↑ Gas extinguishing agent 3M Novec 1230
- ↑ Changes No. 1 to SP5.13130.2009 dated 06/20/2011 . Date of treatment May 1, 2013. Archived on May 14, 2013.
- ↑ MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 3M Novec 1230 Fire Protection Fluid FK-5-1-12
- ↑ 1 2 Jackson, Derek A .; Young, Cora J .; Hurley, Michael D .; Wallington, Timothy J .; Mabury, Scott A. Atmospheric Degradation of Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone: Photolysis, Hydrolysis and Hydration (Eng.) // Environmental Science & Technology : journal. - 2011. - Vol. 45 , no. 19 . - P. 8030-8036 . - ISSN 0013-936X . - DOI : 10.1021 / es104362g .
- ↑ Novec 1230 dry water to protect the server and not only
- ↑ Kolenko, IP; TI Filyakova, A. Ya Zapevalov, É P. Lur'e. Fluoroolefin oxides. 1. A new method of synthesis of perfluorinated epoxyalkanes (English) // Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of chemical science: journal. - 1979. - 1 November ( vol. 28 , no. 11 ). - P. 2323-2326 . - ISSN 1573-9171 0568-5230, 1573-9171 . - DOI : 10.1007 / BF00951707 .
- ↑ Dive Cooling, Underwater Servers: Immersion-2 for 3M ™ Novec ™ Delivers Magical Results, Practice in Hong Kong