Yacireta ( Spanish Yacyretá ) is a large hydroelectric power station with a capacity of 3.1 GW on the Parana River , on the border of Argentina and Paraguay . Located 320 km south-east of Asuncion.
Hydro Power Plant | |
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| |
A country | Argentina , Paraguay |
Location | , , and |
River | Parana |
Cascade | Cascade of hydropower plants at Parana |
Owner | ??? |
Status | acting |
Year of construction | 1983 |
Years of entry units | 1994–1998 |
Main characteristics | |
Annual electricity generation, mln kWh | 20,091 [1] |
Variety of power station | dam |
Calculated head , m | 22 |
Electric power, MW | 3100 MW (3,850 MW after upgrading) |
Characteristics of the equipment | |
Turbine type | Kaplan turbine |
Number and brand of turbines | 20 × ??? |
Flow through turbines, m³ / s | 700 - 850 |
Number and brand of generators | 20 × ??? |
Generator power, MW | 20 × 155 MW |
Main facilities | |
Dam type | gravity concrete and stone injection |
Dam length, m | 2 dams, dam 65 km |
Gateway | single thread |
On the map | |
The station is named after the island, which was 80% flooded by the reservoir and divides the river bed at the place where the two hydroelectric dams are located, in Guaraní the name means Earth of the Moon . [2] The total continuous length of the dam station with dikes on the coast exceeds 65 km, which makes it one of the longest hydraulic structures in the world.
History
The governments of Argentina and Paraguay signed an agreement on the construction of a hydropower plant at Parana on December 13, 1973 , the start of construction was scheduled for 1979 . [3] Due to the political instability in Argentina at that time and because of the strong political positions of supporters of the development of nuclear power in this country, the main work on the construction of the Yasiret hydropower plant was started only on December 3, 1983 , the launch of the first hydrounit occurred in 1994 , the latter - in 1998 . [4] The creation of a hydroelectric complex required the construction of a total of 65 km of a dam on both sides of the river bank, disputes over the flooded area in each of the countries led to the restriction of the reservoir level to 76 m NUM and limited the station’s annual output to 11 billion kWh [5 ] In February 2011, the level of the reservoir was raised to the design level of 83 m (the height of the turbines of the Itaipu HPP located upstream, 87.5 m NUM ). [6] [7]
The implementation of the project required the resettlement of more than 30 thousand people. The total cost of the project at the beginning of 2012 amounted to 10 billion USD , which exceeds the original figures for the budget five times. [eight]
Key Features
As of 2012 , the main facilities of the Yasireta HPP include:
- Yacireta B bulk dam across the river channel from the Paraguay side, with a water discharge concrete section;
- Yacireta A dam across the river channel with a maximum height of 86 m, which includes a concrete section with the following equipment: [9]
- machine room 808 m long and 80 m high, in which 20 generators with Kaplan turbines, 155 MW each, are installed ;
- dam spillway;
- fish gates;
- single line gateway with a chamber size of 270 × 27 × 5 m;
- more than 65 km of dams along the coast of the river to limit the area of the reservoir;
- along the Paraguayan low coast, the Aguapey drainage canal ( isp. Aguapey ) is more than 60 km long, which also serves to divert water of the same-named right tributary of the Paraná to the lower reach of the Yasiret HPP. [ten]
The hydrosite is located on a section of the river with an average annual discharge of 16,941 m³ / s, the total carrying capacity of the weirs of the two hydroelectric dams is 55,000 m³ / s. [9] [ specify ] After raising the reservoir level in February 2011, production for the year reached 19.08 billion kWh [11] In January 2012, an agreement was signed to increase the capacity of hydroelectric power stations by 750 MW by adding new generators. [12]
The hydroelectric dam has formed a reservoir on the river, which, at around 83 m, the NUM has an area of 1,695 km 2 .
Notes
- ↑ Yacyretá supera la generación media prevista
- ↑ (isp.) Ministerio de Educación y Cultura del Paraguay (not available link) . Circulation date is October 17, 2010. Archived March 3, 2016.
- ↑ Entidad Binacional Yacyretá (sp.) (Inaccessible link) . The date of circulation is October 17, 2010. Archived on March 4, 2016.
- ↑ (eng.) Paraguay: A Country Study (eng.) .
- ↑ (English) ¿Yacyretá, progreso o destrucción? (inaccessible link) . Circulation date is October 17, 2010. Archived March 31, 2016.
- ↑ (isp.) ¿Yacyretá, progreso o destrucción? (inaccessible link) . Circulation date is October 17, 2010. Archived March 31, 2016.
- ↑ (Eng.) Kerr, Juliette Argentine and Paraguayan Presidents to Inaugurate Completion of the Key Hydroelectric Project (Not available link) . Global Insight (February 25, 2011). The appeal date is March 3, 2011. Archived March 13, 2012.
- ↑ (eng.) Paraguay: A Country Study (eng.) . The appeal date is October 17, 2010.
- ↑ 1 2 (Eng.) The Yacyreta Dam: General Informations
- ↑ Starting point of the Agwapey Channel on Google Maps
- ↑ Entidad Binacional Yacyretá (sp.) (Inaccessible link) . The date of circulation is October 17, 2010. Archived May 31, 2016.
- ↑ (isp.) De Vido y Lugo acordaron incrementar potencia de Yacyretá hasta 750 megavatios Neopr (Inaccessible link) . The circulation date is February 2, 2010. Archived July 14, 2014.