Ivan Yurievich Patrikeev ( 1419 - 1499 ) - prince , boyar from 1461/1462 , governor of Moscow and chief governor of the Grand Dukes of Moscow Vasily II the Dark and Ivan III .
| Ivan Yurievich Patrikeev | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | 1419 |
| Date of death | 1499 |
| A country | |
| Occupation | governor and boyar |
| Father | Yuri Patrikeevich |
| Mother | Maria (Anna) Vasilievna |
| Spouse | Evdokia Vladimirovna Khovrina |
| Children | Mikhail Kolyshko, Vasily Kosoy , Ivan Munynda, Maria (Irina) |
Content
Biography
Representative of the princely patrikeev family. According to his father, a direct descendant of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas . His grandfather, Patricei Narimuntovich, is the grandson of Gedimin, who gave the name to this branch of the family. In addition to the Patrikeevs, the Khovansky , Bulgakovs , Golitsins , Koretsky and other noble families come from him. His father, Prince Yuri Patrikeevich , married Maria (or Anna), daughter or granddaughter of Dmitry Donskoy and sister of Basil II. Prince Ivan Yuryevich was thus a cousin of Ivan III and one of his closest assistants, the head of the boyar’s Duma.
Service at Basil II
Prince Ivan Yurievich was one of the closest boyars of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily the Dark. In 1455, he defeated the Tatar army on the Oka , below Kolomna .
In 1457, the “order” of his father, Prince Ivan Patrikeev with his nephews ( Ivan Bulgak and Danil Scheny ) gave Metropolitan Iona the village of Moscow County [1] .
In 1458, an unsuccessful military campaign against Vyatka took place under the command of the governor Prince Ivan Vasilyevich Gorbatov-Shuisky and Grigory Mikhailovich Perkhushkov. The next year, Ivan Yurievich Patrikeev is sent there, who successfully completed the task. He immediately took Kotelnich and Orlov , and after the siege surrendered and Khlynov ( Vyatka ).
In 1462, when Vasily II made his spiritual testament, he was the first of the witnesses to speak about his position at court.
Service at Ivan III
In 1467, together with Tsarevich Kasim and Prince Ivan Vasilyevich Striga-Obolensky, he made an unsuccessful trip to Kazan . Two years later, he takes part in an already successful campaign in Kazan, together with the princes Andrei Vasilievich Uglitsky and Yuri Vasilievich Dmitrovsky . As a result of the campaign, Khan Ibrahim accepted the peace conditions proposed by Ivan III.
Around 1472, Prince I. Yu. Patrikeev was already considered the Moscow governor (like his father) and was him until the end of his court career (mentioned as governor in February 1498 and January 1499 ) [1] .
In 1474, I. Yu. Patrikeev accepted the report on behalf of Prince D. D. Kholmsky . In October 1475 he was named the first of the boyars who went with the Grand Duke Ivan III on a campaign "peace" in Novgorod [1] .
An active participant in the campaign of the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III to Novgorod in the winter of 1477-1478. With the surrender of the Novgorodians, Ivan III ordered Ivan Yuryevich to be the spokesman for his will. On his behalf, Ivan Yurievich Patrikeev "stated that, due to the complete submission of Novgorod , the Grand Duke changed his anger to mercy and was ready to treat Novgorodians with benevolence."
Around 1477, Prince Ivan Patrikeev was one of the executors in the will of the specific Prince Andrei Vasilyevich Vologodsky [1] .
In 1480, during the invasion of Khan Akhmat , Ivan Patrikeev was left by the Grand Duke Ivan III in Moscow as governor [1] . In 1485, he participated in the great military campaign of Ivan III Vasilyevich to the Tver Principality [1] .
In 1483, Ivan Yurievich negotiated with the specific prince Boris Vasilievich Volotsky in connection with the delimitation of his lands with the princely [1] . In 1487, attended the reception of Lithuanian, and in 1488, the imperial ambassadors [1] .
In 1488, the brother of the Grand Duke Andrei Vasilyevich Uglitsky addressed him with a request for intercession, in view of the heated conflict with Ivan III, but Patrikeev refused him, not wanting to interfere in the tsar’s family conflict [1] .
In 1490, I. Yu. Patrikeev participated in the church council "on heretics." In April 1492, Ivan III Vasilyevich moved to his mansions, since the construction of a new grand-ducal palace was begun [1] .
Boyarin Ivan Yurievich Patrikeev played an active role in diplomatic negotiations with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . In 1492 and 1493, during the negotiations over the marriage of the daughter of Ivan III, Elena and the Grand Duke Alexander of Lithuania, Prince Ivan Patrikeev established friendly relations with the ambassadors Jan Zaberezinsky and Stanislav Glebovich , which was apparently promoted by the Lithuanian origin of Ivan Yurievich.
In November 1493, negotiations began in Moscow on the conclusion of a peace treaty with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . The embassy consisted of: the Trok governor Pyotr Yanovich Bely , the Zhemaite headman Stanislav Yanovich Kezgayl and the governor of the Utena Voitech Yanovich Klochko . In this connection, a personal message was sent to Prince Patrikeev from the Lithuanian Council of Nobles, with a request to promote the establishment of friendly relations, signed by the Roman Catholic Bishop of Lutsk and Brest, Jan Pudelko, Peter Yanovich (embassy member), Prince Alexander Yuryevich Golshansky ( Viceroy Geslangay Grodno) (member of the embassy). The attempts of the Lithuanian noble council to establish close relations between him and the Moscow Boyar Duma were upset because of the disgrace of Prince Patrikeev in 1499.
L. V. Cherepnin drew attention to the participation of Ivan Yuryevich and his son Vasily in the resolution of land disputes in 1495-1499. In his opinion, which is shared by many modern scholars, Patrikeev was one of the authors of the Judicial Code of 1497 , or rather stood at the head of the commission working on the Legal Code.
In July 1497, Prince I. Yu. Patrikeev attended the exchange of lands of Ivan III and Prince Boris Vasilievich Volotsky [1] . He was present at many court proceedings conducted personally by Ivan III, and at the reports of court cases to the Grand Duke [2] . Ivan Yuryevich himself judged the land disputes, especially often they were reported to him as a judge of the highest instance [2] . Around 1495 - 1499 he made a will [2] . In 1498, placed on the boyar list [2] .
A feature of the court policy in the last years of the reign of Ivan III (after the death of his eldest son Ivan the Young in 1490) was the confrontation of two groups supporting two possible heirs: the grandson of Dmitry , the son of Ivan the Young and Elena , the daughter of the Moldavian ruler Stephen III the Great and the second son Vasily , who was the eldest son of the second wife of Ivan III, Sophia Paleolog . The princes of the Patrikeevs , the son-in-law of Ivan Yuryevich, Prince Semyon Ryapolovsky , the diplomat and writer Fedor Kuritsyn formed the basis of the party of the grandson, who initially prevailed over Tsarevich Vasily. However, the situation changed dramatically on January 31, 1499, Princes Patrikeev (Ivan Yuryevich himself and sons Vasily and Ivan) and Prince Semyon Ryapolovsky were arrested, and on February 5, Semyon Ryapolovsky was executed by order of Ivan III, that is, without trial. Metropolitan Simon stood up for the Princes of the Patriks and instead of execution they were tonsured monks. Ivan Yurievich was tonsured at the Trinity-Sergius Monastery . The reasons for this turn in politics have been repeatedly discussed by historians, various hypotheses have been expressed, annals do not name its causes, in addition, they were edited in this issue by various interested parties. Personally, Ivan III, in an instruction to the Russian ambassadors, demanded that they not depart from his instructions and not be arbitrary, like the princes Ryapolovsky and Patrikeev . Therefore, one of the hypotheses suggests that this is a punishment for behavior in negotiations with Lithuania. After some time, the heir-grandson was also disgraced.
Ivan Yurievich died in a monastery. Vasily Patrikeev under the monastic name Vassian became after that an outstanding church figure.
Family
Married to Evdokia Vladimirovna Khovrina , daughter of the boyar and treasurer Vladimir G. Khovrin. Children:
- Prince Mikhail Ivanovich Kolyshko (? - 1495 ), Governor [3]
- Prince Vasily Ivanovich Kosoy (d. C. 1531 ), a boyar and governor , later became an outstanding church figure under the monastic name of Vassian [4] .
- Prince Ivan Ivanovich Munynda (d. After 1499 ), [5] governor of Polotsk , tonsured with his father [6]
- Princess Maria (Irina) Ivanovna, wife of the boyar of Prince Semyon Ivanovich Ryapolovsky (? - 1499 ).
Ancestors
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Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Zimin A. A. “The Formation of the Boyar Aristocracy in Russia in the Second Half of the 15th – First Third of the 16th Centuries”, Moscow, “Nauka”, 1988 ISBN 5-02-009407 -2 , p. 31
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Zimin A. A. “Formation of the boyar aristocracy in Russia in the second half of the 15th – first third of the 16th centuries”, Moscow, “Nauka”, 1988 ISBN 5-02-009407-2 , p. 32
- ↑ A. Zimin, “Formation of the boyar aristocracy in Russia in the second half of the 15th – first third of the 16th centuries”, Moscow, “Nauka”, 1988 ISBN 5-02-009407-2 , p. 33
- ↑ A. Zimin, “Formation of the boyar aristocracy in Russia in the second half of the 15th – first third of the 16th centuries”, Moscow, “Nauka”, 1988 ISBN 5-02-009407-2 , p. 33-34
- ↑ A. Zimin, “Formation of the boyar aristocracy in Russia in the second half of the 15th – first third of the 16th centuries”, Moscow, “Nauka”, 1988 ISBN 5-02-009407-2 , p. 34
- ↑ Cawley, Charles. LITHUANIA . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy .
- ↑ Narimunt is called Tohta’s son-in-law by Polish 18th-century pedigrees.
- ↑ According to another version, the mother of Ivan Yurievich was Anna Dmitrievna Moskovskaya
Sources
- A.A. Zimin. Russia at the turn of the XV — XVI centuries (Essays on socio-political history)
- Vernadsky G.V. Russia in the Middle Ages
- A.A. Polovtsev. Russian Biographical Dictionary
- Zimin A. A. “The Formation of the Boyar Aristocracy in Russia in the Second Half of the 15th – First Third of the 16th Centuries”, Moscow, “Nauka”, 1988 ISBN 5-02-009407-2