Tameshiwari ( Jap . 試 し 割 り) - breaking up hard objects with unprotected parts of the body, practiced in Japanese martial arts ( karate ). In Korean martial arts, in particular in taekwondo , is called " kokpha ". Not being the main goal of karate, a tameshiwari, however, is very important, because it is an indicator of the development of power and technology in the martial art [1] , allows you to develop the power of impact. Tameshiwari requires an exceptional sense of balance, technique, calmness and concentration of strength of mind, in addition to what is important for athletes, increases self-esteem and faith in their strength.
Content
History
At the dawn of the development of sports karate fights were held in a contactless form and it was not possible to estimate the real strength of the athletes' strike. In these conditions, the demonstration of a tameshiwari allowed both to compare the force of the strike of different athletes and to assess their personal progress in the study of martial art.
During his American tour, Masutatsu Oyama chose a tameshiwari as one of the elements to demonstrate the power of karate.
Currently, the tameshiwari is used as an integral part of competitions in some styles of karate and in passing exams for master’s degrees in some martial arts.
There are also separate tameshiwari competitions. In particular, in Kyokushinkai competitions are the most common where standard-sized boards are broken by four technical actions: fist strike (seiken), palm edge (shuto), elbow (hiji) and heel foot (kakato). The winner is determined by the total number of broken boards in successful attempts. [2]
Until 2015, various disciplines of the Kyokushinkai sport used a different transcription of the term into Russian (tameshiwari, tameshiwari, tameshiwari, tamisiwari). Since 2015, in the All-Russian Register of Sports for this competitive section of the sport of Kyokushin is fixed the single name "tameshiwari" for all disciplines. [3]
Technique
Successful execution of a tameshiwari depends on the following factors:
- The impact part of the body must be adequately prepared both technically (the habit of correct posture and movement) and physically (“stuffed”).
- The impact should fall on the point of the object, which provides equal support forces of the supports at the moment of impact.
- The area of the impact surface should be minimal to concentrate the impact force in a small area.
- The speed developed by the shock part of the body should be maximum.
- The blow must be applied at a right angle to the surface of the object to be broken.
Materials
The most common materials for breaking are conifer boards used in competitions due to their relatively low strength. The sizes of boards can be various. For example, in Kyokushinkai, boards of 30.5 × 20.3 × 2.5 cm are used [4] . Shotokan uses boards measuring 40 × 40 centimeters. Can be applied boards and other sizes.
Due to their homogeneity, tameshivari often use cinder blocks and foam concrete blocks. On the demonstration performances, ice blocks are used - being relatively homogeneous, they are destroyed very effectively. It is quite difficult to break a brick [5] . The most difficult object for a tameshiwari is a natural stone [1] .
Bottles are used as exotic items at demonstrations (neck cut-off with a palm-edge), baseball bats [6] , ceramic jugs [7] ; Also during the performances of the tameshiwari, objects can be poured with flammable liquids and set on fire, thereby increasing the spectacle.
It should be noted that for different materials there are different procedures for preparing the item to be broken, which help to reduce injuries to a minimum, so holding a tameshiwari without an experienced instructor can be extremely traumatic.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Oyama M. Classical Karate / Per. from English M. Novysha. - M .: Eksmo, 2006. - S. 155-163. - 256 s. - (Martial arts). - 5000 copies - ISBN 5-699-17045-6 .
- ↑ Championship of Russia on tameshiwari 2015 .
- ↑ All-Russian Register of Sports .
- К Kyokushinkai School, Issue 1: Style, organization, standards, rules, terms / A.I. Tanyushkin , V.P. Fomin, O.V. Ignatov. - Federation of Martial Arts of the USSR, Federation of Kyokushin of the USSR. - P. 12. - (System of training in Kyokushin karate-do).
- ↑ Hibbard Jack. The art of karate. The technique of breaking objects and its practical value in self-defense, AST, 2009. ISBN 978-5-17-055641-0
- ↑ Athletic Tameshivari Neopr . Archived June 30, 2012.
- ↑ RSBI festival "Relay of victories" . Archived February 3, 2013.
Links
- Tameshiwari from a documentary about the first world championship in Kyokushinkai, 1975 (Not available link) . The appeal date is January 9, 2010. Archived May 25, 2012.
- Tameshiwari. Best (video from YouTube)