Distribution map of the Scandinavian settlements in the VIII (dark red), IX (red), X (orange) and XI (yellow) centuries. Green indicates territories that were raided by the Scandinavians.
The Viking Age is the designation of the early Middle Ages adopted in the states of Northern Europe , especially the period from the 8th to 11th centuries , when the inhabitants of Scandinavia, known as the Vikings , raided neighboring states, established trade relations with the states of the Middle East and Central Asia and settled over a wide area from Eastern Europe to North America and Greenland [1] . It follows the German Iron Age (in Sweden - after the Wendel period ).
Viking Age Timeline
- 789 - Vikings sailed on three ships to Dorset (Southwest England), killing the local royal sheriff Beohtrick , who, not knowing who they were, went there to escort them to the capital.
- 793 - Vikings sacked St. Cuthbert’s Monastery in the northeast of Lindisfarne Island.
- 794 - Vikings attacked a monastery at Jarrow in northeastern England.
- 795 - raids on the island of Iona and Ireland.
- 800 year - Vikings mastered the Shetland and Orkney Islands.
- 810 - Danes attacked Friesland.
- 830 - raids on France and Britain became more frequent.
- 834 - raid Dorestad (Friesland).
- 839 - Vikings founded a kingdom in Ireland with a capital in Armagh .
- 844 - Vikings reached Lisbon .
- 845 - looted Hamburg and Paris .
- 850 year - the Danes raided England.
- 860 - Russ first appeared under the walls of Constantinople .
- 861 - Vikings reached Pamplona in the Pyrenees and captured the local ruler.
- 862 - “ calling of the Varangians ” to Novgorod according to the “ Tale of Bygone Years ”.
- 867 - The Great Army took control of York.
- Around 870, the Vikings found the first settlement in Iceland ( Reykjavik ).
- 870 - 890 years - the Vikings open the mouth of the Northern Dvina ( Biarmia ).
- 875 - Vikings first visited Greenland .
- 885 - a huge Viking fleet besieged Paris .
- 907 year - Oleg the Prophet made a trip to Constantinople.
- 911 - The Saint-Clair-sur-Ept Treaty handed over the territory of Normandy to the Norman leader Rollon .
- 941 - Prince of Kiev of Kiev attacks Constantinople.
- 943 - Russ ruined the former capital of Caucasian Albania - Berdaa .
- 968 - not the first time the Vikings pirates ravaged Galicia , they killed the bishop of Compostel .
- 970 - Svyatoslav Igorevich with his Slavic-Varangian squad tried to gain a foothold in the Balkans .
- 980 - raids on England resumed.
- 986 - Vikings reached the coast of North America ( Vinland ).
- 991 - Earl Birtnota dies at the Battle of Moldon .
- 999 - Olav I Tryggvason converts the Norwegians to the Christian faith.
- 1000 - Olav I dies in the naval battle of Svolder
- 1000 year - Viking attempts to colonize Vinland began .
- 1013 - Sven Wiloborodiy finally conquered England .
- 1013 - 1042 the Danes rule England.
- 1030 - King of Norway Olav II the Holy perishes at the Battle of Styclastadir .
- 1036-42 years - Ingvar Traveler made the last varangian trip to the Caspian Sea .
- 1066 - Norwegian king Harald the Cruel perishes at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in an attempt to seize the English throne.
Notes
- ↑ Haywood, 2016 , p. ten.
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