Christopher Mikayelyan (in Armenian: Քրփափոր Միքայելյան ) (1859 - March 4, 1905) - political activist, founder, leader and theoretician of the Dashnaktsutyun party. [one]
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Biography
Born in 1859 in the village of Verkhnie Akulisy (V. Agulis), Nakhichevan district.
He graduated from the Alexander Institute in Tiflis .
Founder, leader and theoretician of the Dashnaktsutyun party.
In 1880-1885 - he taught in the Upper Agulis of the Nakhichevan district, as well as in Tiflis.
In 1885 - in connection with the closure of the Armenian schools by the tsarist government, he expressed his protest (wrote a leaflet to “Armenian brothers and Armenian sisters”).
Since the beginning of the 1880s - took an active part in the activities of populist circles.
Under the influence of the ideology of Russian populism, the ideas of Raffi and G. Artsruni, the worldview of Mikaelyan was formed.
Without completely breaking ties with the Narodnik organizations, in 1889 he began to promote the organization “Yeritasard Hayastan” (“Young Armenia”), to develop a program for uniting the Armenian revolutionary forces into a single party, the Union of Armenian Revolutionaries. At the founding congress of the party, Dashnaktsutyun managed to eliminate serious ideological differences and unite figures with different views in a single party (1890).
Sharing the ideals of democracy and socialism, he believed that for the Armenian people, all its social strata, the priority is to achieve nat. independence. For the sake of this goal, he called for solidarity of representatives of all classes of the Armenian society. Recognizing the national liberation movement of the Armenian people as a historical law, pointing to its just and progressive character, he believed that it was not the pogroms of the Armenians that were generated by their national liberation struggle, but, on the contrary, the national liberation struggle of the Armenian people was a natural response to the persecution and massacre of Armenians. Being a supporter of revolutionary methods of struggle, he considered the national liberation movement of the Armenian people to be a “long struggle”, and its means of demonstration, action of combat groups, propaganda in Europe in favor of resolving the Armenian issue.
For his revolutionary activities he was arrested, exiled to Chisinau .
In 1898 he went to Geneva to strengthen propaganda in Europe in favor of the Armenian Question.
He established contacts with J. Jaurès , J. Clemenceau , A. France, F. de Presance, P. Cillard and other prominent figures, took part in the publication in Paris from 1900 of the newspaper “Pro Armenia” (in French).
In 1902, in Germany, he met with a prominent figure in the German labor movement, August Bebel , consulted with him about the Armenian issue (as a result, A. Bebel made a request to the German Reichstag, which, however, was rejected).
In 1905, he began to prepare an assassination attempt on Abdul Hamid II , the executioner of the Armenian people, who he decided to carry out personally.
He died on March 4, during the testing of an explosive device [2] .