Cabanazhen ( port. Cabanagem - literally "poor") - one of the many rebellious movements in Brazil of the XIX century, unfolded in 1835-1840. Formed on the territory of the now abolished province of Gran Para and Maranhão , located in northern Brazil and now divided into several states ( Amazonas , Ceara , etc.). The prerequisites for the uprisings were the following: the extreme poverty of the provincial population, mainly consisting of Indians, mestizos - kaboklu and runaway blacks - slaves from the coast of the country, who lived in miserable wooden boars shacks, installed on stilts to protect against floods. The local white elite of the latifundists also supported the separatist movement in the province. The fact is that during the time of Portuguese control, the province was one of two nominally equivalent subjects of Portuguese colonial Brazil. But after Brazil gained independence, all major decisions were made in the south of the country. The Gran Para actually turned into the inner colony of the Brazilian empire.
Victims and Destruction
During the conflict, 30 to 40% of the population of Gran Para-Maranyan died, that is, from 30 to 50 thousand people. In 1833, the state had 119,877 inhabitants, of whom 32,751 were Indians (27.3%) and 29,977 black slaves (25%). Pardou (mixed) - 42,000 people (35%). There were only 15,000 whites (12.5%), more than half of them were Portuguese. The movement laid bare racial contradictions in Brazil, but on the whole was more of a class as well as regionalist character.
See also
- Canudus War
- Contestad