Cosmogony

Cosmology is the study of the structure and changes in the modern Universe, while the scientific fields of cosmogony concern the origin of the Universe. Observations of our present Universe, perhaps, will not only allow us to give predictions for the future, but they also provide a key to the events that took place a long time ago, when ... space was just emerging. So the work on cosmology is based on the astrophysics of current observations, and cosmogony does not duplicate, but supplements astrophysics.

Original text

Cosmology is the study of the structure and changes in the present universe, while the scientific field of cosmogony is concerned with the origin of the universe. Observations about our present universe may not only allow predictions to be made about the future, but they also provide clues to events that happened long ago when ... the cosmos began. So — the work of cosmologists and cosmogonists overlaps.

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ^[2]

Cosmogony can be distinguished from cosmology , whose task is to study the Universe as a whole throughout its existence. There is some ambiguity between these two terms, for example, the cosmological argument from theology about the existence of God is an appeal to cosmogony, and not to cosmological ideas. In practice, there is a scientific difference between cosmological and cosmogonic ideas. Physical cosmology is a science that tries to explain all the observations related to the development and characterization of the universe as a whole. Questions about why the Universe behaves in this way are considered extra-scientific, ^[2] although they are based, inter alia, on the extrapolation of various scientific theories to unverified or indirectly confirmed hypotheses, as well as philosophical or religious ideas.

Big Bang

The generally accepted modern cosmogonic and cosmological hypothesis is the Big Bang theory. However, its various interpretations may give different answers to the question about the initial origin of the early universe. It is usually assumed that the beginning of the Universe (and time in general) is a cosmological singularity ; The main argument in her favor is the Penrose theorem . There are other assumptions, such as the cyclic model .

Historical Hypotheses

Cosmogonic hypotheses were intended to explain the uniformity of motion and composition of celestial bodies. They proceeded from the concept of the initial state of matter, which fills the entire space, which has inherent certain properties that cause all further evolution.

• Kant's hypothesis
• Laplace-Roche Conjecture
• Faye's hypothesis
• Jeans hypothesis
• Fesenkov hypotheses

Stationary Universe Theory

In cosmology, the theory of the stationary Universe is a model developed in 1948 by Fred Hoyle , Thomas Gold , Hermann Bondi and others as an alternative to the Big Bang theory. According to this model, as the Universe expands between expanding galaxies, new matter is constantly being created. Thus the cosmological principle is respected. The model had rather great support among cosmologists in the 50s and 60s, but the discovery of relict radiation sharply reduced the number of its supporters in the late 60s. Now there are practically no supporters of this theory.

Origin of the Universe - any description or explanation of the initial processes of the emergence of the existing Universe , including the formation of astronomical objects (cosmogony), the emergence of life, planet Earth and humanity . There are many points of view on the issue of the origin of the Universe, starting with a scientific theory , many individual hypotheses , and ending with philosophical reflections, religious beliefs , and elements of folklore .

The age of the universe is the time elapsed since the Big Bang . According to modern scientific data ( WMAP results 9), it is 13.830 ± 0.075 billion years ^[3] . New data obtained using the powerful Planck satellite telescope owned by the European Space Agency show that the universe is 13.798 ± 0.037 billion years old (68% confidence interval ) ^{[4] [5] [6]} .

In the history of the development of ideas about the Universe , many cosmogonic myths about the creation of the world existed in many cultures of the Earth. In many of them, it is believed that God created the world; this idea is called " creationism ."

• Astronomy
• Systemology
• Digital physics
• Emanation
• Eschatology
• Existence
• Origin of life

• Gurevich, L. E. Introduction to cosmogony: the origin of the large-scale structure of the Universe / L. E. Gurevich, A. D. Chernin. - M .: Science, Head. ed. Phys.-Math. lit., 1978.- 384 p. - UDC .
• Cosmogony / B. Yu. Levin , S. B. Pickelner // Konda - Kun. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1973. - S. 251-254. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 13).
• Cosmogony / E. L. Ruskol // Congo - Baptism. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2010 .-- S. 431-433. - (The Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 15). - ISBN 978-5-85270-346-0 .
• Khromov G.S. Planetary nebulae: Physics. Evolution. Cosmogony. - M .: Science, Head. ed. Phys.-Math. lit., 1985 .-- 296 p. - UDC .