Vasily Mangazeysky

The biography of Vasily Mangazeysky is known from the life preserved in five editions, the origin of which is associated with the Turukhan Trinity Monastery . The oldest of the editions dates back to 1670–1676 and was written with the participation of Hieromonk Tikhon, who transferred the relics of Vasily to Turukhansky monastery in 1670.

According to the life, Vasily was the son of a Yaroslavl merchant Fyodor, who gave his son as a worker to a merchant who went to Mangazeya for trade. Once, when Vasily prayed in the temple, the thieves robbed the shop of his master, and the merchant accused the young man of complicity. The merchant tried to get recognition from Vasily, beat him, but the young man denied his guilt. Then he was brought to the city governor S. Pushkin , who subjected Vasily to torture, from which he died. In other variants of life:

• the governor hit Vasily in the temple with a bunch of keys;
• Vasily “ suffering for chastity ” (from the Description of Russian Saints, end of the 17th-18th centuries), based on this, the editorial board of Vasily’s life, written in the middle of the 19th century by the abbot of the Turukhansky monastery Iliodor, reports that the young man rejected the merchant’s sinful harassment in revenge accused Vasily of theft.

The year of Vasily's death, according to S.V. Bakhrushin , is determined conditionally, since the compilers of the life used only the memories of old-timers. His martyrdom is attributed to the first years of the city of Mangazeya (1600-1602 years); Governor S. Pushkin was in Mangazey from July 1601 to January 1603 ^[1] ; local traditions also date the death of Basil on Easter Day.

Vasily was buried next to the hut. The place was wet, and soon a board was laid on it for easy access. In 1649, a resident of Mangazeya, Stepan Shiryaev, discovered that the board had broken and that the edge of the coffin was visible underneath. Soon there were reports of healings, which were attributed to the relics of the newly appeared saint of God and the garden was buried first, and in 1652 a chapel was erected. Information was sent to the Tobolsk bishop about the miracles of the newly appeared saint, and no later than 1653 he wrote to Moscow a request whether he should examine the relics. This request did not receive a response. Prayers were served in the chapel to Vasily, and in August 1659 they conducted a survey of the relics. After that, regular services began to St. Basil, which allows us to conclude that he was localized canonized.

In 1670, the builder of the Turukhansky monastery, hieromonk Tikhon transferred the relics of Vasily from Mangazeya to his monastery , where he placed it in the Trinity Church to the right of the royal gates. In 1671, a petition was sent to Moscow to confirm the canonization of Vasily, but even it was left unanswered. Local veneration of the saint continued: the Tobolsk governor I. B. Repnin sent an embroidered cover on the saint’s cancer to the monastery, Vasily’s icons are written, his name is found in the Kaidalovsky clergy (end of the 17th century ).

Particularly contributed to the spread of veneration of Basil of Mangazey, St. Philotheus (Leshchinsky) . He asked Peter I for permission to transfer his relics to Tobolsk, but was refused. On May 10, 1719, Filofei transferred the relics of Vasily from the Trinity Church of the Turukhansky Monastery to the new Blagoveshchenskaya (in memory of this, a local monastery celebration was established). He also wrote the canon to the saint. During the period of Filofey’s stay at the Tobolsk department, Vasily Mangazeyskiy composed three services:

• "A service to commemorate the appearance in the city of Mangazeya from the bowels of the earthly multi-healing relics of the martyr St. Basil";
• "A service to transfer the relics of the holy martyr Basil from the city of Mangazeya to the borders of the new city of Turukhansk to the monastery of the Holy Trinity, on the river Tunguska called";
• "The service of transferring the relics of the new martyr Basil, the miracle worker of Mangazey, from the old church to the new church, the coming and bringing of the relics of his relics by the shimonk Bishop Theodore, Metropolitan of Tobolsk and all Siberia."

The fame of the Siberian saint reached the capital - Empress Anna Ioannovna sent the altar gospel to the Turukhansky monastery, on the salary of which was an image of St. Basil with a cross in his hand and the inscription "Martyr Basil of Mangazey."

Under the successor of Philotheus, Metropolitan Anthony (Stakhovsky), this veneration of Vasily was stopped, his relics, as directed by the bishop, were buried in the ground, and a chapel was erected above them. The Tobolsk Consistory, by its decree in 1755, forbade St. Basil to pray and commemorate him on leave , but in 1756 it was allowed to perform requiems for him with a special rank. In 1788, the cliff on which the chapel stood began to crumble, a coffin with relics appeared from the ground. Hegumen Michael brought him back to church and put him in a hiding place. In 1803, during the epidemic, riots broke out, attributing the disease to a lack of proper veneration for the saint. This was reported to the Holy Synod by the Minister of the Interior V.P. Kochubey , and by order of the Tobolsk archbishop it was allowed to return the icons of Vasily Mangazeysky to the church and to carry out his previous veneration.

The local veneration of Basil in the 19th century did not stop, he began to be revered as the patron saint of hunters and hunters, his icons were widespread. In 1893, a petition was again sent to the Synod to confirm the canonization of the saint. The synod requested records of miracles and at the beginning of the 20th century the name of the martyr Basil of Mangazeysky was included in the "Orthodox calendar" published by the Synod.

After the closure of the Turukhansky monastery in 1921, the relics of the saint were lost, their fragments were rediscovered in 1997 ^[2] and placed in cancer in the monastery church.

• Vasiliev P.P. Vasiliy Mangazeysky // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Sergius (Sokolov) . The lives of Siberian saints. - Novosibirsk, 2007 .-- S. 7-12. - ISBN 5-88013-010-X .
• Pivovarov B. Vasily Mangazeysky // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M. , 2004 .-- T. 7 . - S. 206-209 . - ISBN 5-89572-010-2 .
• Ogloblin N. Mangazeysky miracle worker Vasily. (To Russian hagiography) // Readings in the society of Russian history and antiquities at Moscow University . - M. , 1890. - S. 1-8 .
• Romodanovskaya E.K. Legend of Vasily of Mangazeysky . - New materials on the history of Siberia of the pre-Soviet period. - Novosibirsk, 1986 .-- S. 190-210.