Maksyuta, Yuri Ivanovich

Born on March 6, 1918 in the village of Sinyavka, Chernihiv region, in the family of employees ^[1] .

He graduated from 8 classes Koryukovskoy secondary school.

In 1934–1935 he studied at the workers' faculty of the Kiev Institute of Leather Industry, then he entered the Kiev Industrial Institute (1935–1937).

From the 3rd year of the Institute for Special Forces of the Komsomol Central Committee was sent to a naval school.

From 1937 to 1939 he studied at the Higher Naval School. M. V. Frunze .

In 1943, at the Higher Order of Lenin, special volunteer officer courses in the city of Samarkand .

He graduated from the academic courses of commanders at the Naval Academy in 1959 .

After graduation from the school, it was sent to the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet .

In 1939-1940 - commander of the steering group on the training ship "Dnepr".

1940-1942 - commander of the navigator combat unit of the cruiser "Comintern" .

In 1942-1945 - Assistant flagship navigator of the fleet, then the commander of the navigator warhead, senior assistant commander of the battleship Sevastopol .

In 1940, Yuri Ivanovich was appointed commander of the navigator warhead of the Komintern cruiser of the brigade of the ships guarding the water area of ​​the Black Sea Fleet. There he met the war. Since the beginning of the war, by April 1942, the cruiser has traveled more than 10,000 miles. Yu. I. Maksyuta personally counted the mine-laying areas in Sevastopol and Odessa, according to his target designations the cruiser artillery fired.

Since December 29, participates in the Kerch-Feodosiya landing operation: makes 3 flights from the Caucasian ports to Feodosia, delivering replenishment and supplies to the troops of the Crimean front. After the loss of Feodosia, in February — March 1942, he made four more flights to besieged Sevastopol. March 10, 1942 the crew repulsed ten attacks of German torpedo bombers. On the same day, the bomb was damaged, while two German aircraft were shot down, one of them personally shot down Yu. I. Maksyuta.

In 1942, Yu.I.Maksuty became a member of the Military Council of the Fleet as an assistant to the flagship navigator of the fleet, and in March 1943 he was sent to the Highest Orders of Lenin special officer courses of Volkov in Samarkand.

In November 1943, Yu. I. Maksyuta was appointed commander of the navigator combat unit of the battleship Sevastopol.

During the Great Patriotic War, he participated in the defense of Odessa and Sevastopol , in the Kerch-Feodosiya (1941–1942) and Kerch-Eltigene ( 1943 ) operations.

In February-March 1945, he participated in the escorting of the Allied convoys in preparation for the Yalta Conference.

1946 - 1949 - flagship navigator of the squadron of the Black Sea Fleet .

1949-1951 - commander of the destroyer Ognevoy .

1951–1956 - Senior Assistant to the battleship Sevastopol , commander of a destroyer brigade, commander of the Dzerzhinsky cruiser.

1956–1957 - Chief of Staff of the Cruiser Division.

1957–1958 - Assistant Fleet Commander for Air Defense.

In 1959, on the proposal of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy S. G. Gorshkov, he was appointed commander of the 4th Pacific Oceanographic Expedition TOGE-4 .

TOGE-4 is a unique compound of the Navy of the USSR intended for testing intercontinental ballistic missiles in the Pacific Ocean. TOGE-4 is a cover legend, the actual name is the Floating Measuring Complex of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

In January 1960, Yu. I. Maksyuta conducted the first test for the maximum range of an intercontinental ballistic missile P7A. ^[2]

In 1960, Yu. I. Maksyute was awarded the title of Rear Admiral.

Under the leadership of Rear Admiral Yu. I. Maksyuta, the future TOGE-4 ships were re-equipped at the Baltic Shipyard, after which they made the transfer by the Northern Sea Route to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Tarja Bay with stops at the ports of Severomorsk , Mikhailova Bay, Dikson Island, Provideniya Bay .

In the difficult conditions of the initial period of space exploration, Yu. I. Maksyuta showed high organizational and creative abilities, initiative and perseverance in fulfilling government tasks.

With his direct leadership, the future city of Vilyuchinsk was built.

For ensuring the flight of Yu. A. Gagarin he was awarded the Order of Lenin.

Since 1978 - permanent member of the USSR Cosmonautics Federation.

In 1964, Yu. I. Maksyuta was appointed head of the State Research Navigation and Hydrographic Institute of the Ministry of Defense. He has received competent and purposeful guidance in the direction of satellite navigation systems. First, a satellite laboratory was created, headed by E.F. Suvorov ^[3] .

In December 1966, a department was formed at the Institute for “Methods and means of using artificial earth satellites in navigation” from three laboratories. Yu. I. Maksyuta signed the first technical task for the development of a second-generation satellite navigation system - the future GLONASS .

He took an active part in all stages of creating the first Russian navigation satellite system . As chairman of the state commission, he led the launch of the first Kosmos-192 navigation satellite. It was Yu. I. Maksyuta who approved the first scientific works of his employees related to the creation of the foundations of the satellite navigation system of the 2nd generation ^[3] .

He participated in drawing up a program for the development of technical means of navigation for the long term, as well as in developing a program for studying the geophysical fields of the Earth to ensure the accuracy of weapons of the Navy, new submarines , prospective ships and their weapons.

Fired into the reserve in 1978 .

On February 23, 1990, he was invited to the Solemn flag raising on the ship of the Marshal Krylov measuring complex. This was the last visit by the admiral of the ships he created. March 28, Yuri Ivanovich is gone.

He was buried at the Volkov cemetery of Leningrad .

• Order of Lenin (1961);
• Order of the Red Banner (1944) ^[4] ;
• Order of the Red Banner (1953);
• Order of the Red Banner (1956);
• Order of the Patriotic War, I degree (1945) ^[5] ;
• Order of the Patriotic War, I degree (1949);
• Order of the Patriotic War, I degree (1985);
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1974);
• Order of the Red Star (1942) ^[6] ;
• Order of the Red Star (1955);
• Medal "For the Defense of Odessa" (1943);
• Medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" (1943);
• Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" (1944);
• Medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1945);
• Medals
• Nominal weapon (1968).

In 1976, for participating ^[3] in the development of the navigation satellite system, he was awarded the title of Lenin Prize .

• Interregional public organization "Union of veterans of the ships of the measuring complex named after Admiral Yu. I. Maksyuta"
• Public medal "Rear Admiral Yu. I. Maksyuta".
• On March 23, 2018, a memorial plaque dedicated to Yu. I. Maksyute was opened on the building of the State Research Navigation and Hydrographic Institute (GNINGI) of the Ministry of Defense.
• On September 12, 2018, the city council of Vilyuchinsk adopted decision No. 229 / 77-6 on conferring on Yu. I. Maksyute the title “Honorary Citizen of the city of Vilyuchinsk”.
• In August 2018, the city council of Vilyuchinsk made a decision to name a new street of the city in the name of Yu. I. Maksyuta.

• List of admirals, vice-admirals, rear admirals of the Navy of the USSR (1946-1960)
• List of engineer admirals, engineer vice admirals, engineer rear admirals of the USSR Navy (1946-1960)
• List of admirals of the Navy of the USSR (1946—1960)
• Ships measuring complex
• Cyclone (navigation system)

• TC "Star" Cycle "Legends of the Army", "Yuri Maksyuta"
• Interregional public organization "Union of veterans of the ships of the measuring complex named after Admiral Yu. I. Maksyuta"
• Article on the flight of Gagarin (inaccessible link)
• The first domestic satellite radio navigation system
• Kurochkin A. M. Yuri Ivanovich Maksyuta. Ultimate range - Kazan: TATMEDIA JSC, Idel Press branch, 2017. - 150 p.
• Peter's Marine Corps
• Ships measuring complex project 1128, 1129B
• Ships measuring complex project 1914
• Ships measuring complex project 1130
• P. Uvarov. On the bridge. - K .: Politizdat of Ukraine, 1987. (not available link)
• Area closed for swimming. Series “Ships of the Soviet Navy” Kurochkin A. M., Shardin V. E. - Moscow: Military Book LLC, 2008 - 72 p. ISBN 978-5-902863-17-5
• Grandfather's Notes (Navigation Memories)
• Chronicle of the origin, development and first steps in the implementation of the idea of ​​a domestic satellite system. Suvorov E. F. M .: Kuchkovo Pole, 2014. - 232 s, il. - ISBN 978-5-9950-0389-2
• Chertok B. Ye. Rockets and people. - 2nd ed. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1999. - 416 p. - 1 300 copies - ISBN 5-217-02934-X .
• From the trench he saw the cosmos (“Red Star”, 2.03.2004
• The newspaper Pravda, 1960, No. 8 of January 8, No. 22 of January 22, No. 33 of February 2.
• 22nd Congress of the CPSU (October 17 - 31, 1961): Verbatim Report. Part 1 p 54. (Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1962)
• MEMORY OF THE HEART. THEY WERE THE FIRST (Sevastopol, “The Flag of the Motherland”, No. 44, March 10, 2004)
• Come on guys rock the stars! (Kaliningrad, "Guardian of the Baltics", April 11, 2002, No. 61, p. 6)
• by ed. Yu. M. Baturin. Soviet space initiative in the state documents of 1946-64 - M .: RTSoft, 2008.