Cymbidium kanran is a species of perennial herbaceous plants of the Orchid family.
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Cymbidium kanran Makino , 1902 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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One of the most common types of cymbidia in room and horticultural cultures of China and Japan .
There is no generally accepted Russian name.
Content
Synonyms
According to the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew: [2]
- Cymbidium kanran f. Makino purpurascens , 1902
- Cymbidium oreophilum Hayata , 1914
- Cymbidium purpureohiemale Hayata, 1914
- Cymbidium linearisepalum Yamam. , 1930
- Cymbidium linearisepalum f. atropurpureum Yamam., 1932
- Cymbidium tosyaense Masam. , 1935
- Cymbidium sinokanran Yen , 1964
- Cymbidium kanran var. purpureohiemale (Hayata) SSYing , 1977
Etymology and history of description
The Chinese name is 寒 兰[3] .
The Japanese name is カ ン ラ ン, 寒 蘭 (winter orchid) [4] .
Biological description
Escape sympodial type.
Pseudobulbs are poorly developed, ovate 2-4 × 1-1.5 cm, completely hidden by the vagina 3-5 (up to 7) leaves.
The roots are fleshy, long.
Leaves narrow, linear, sessile, dull, monotonously green, 40–70 cm long, 0.9–1.7 cm wide.
The inflorescence is vertical, 25–60 (up to 80) cm long, 5–12 floral brush.
The flowers are strongly and pleasantly fragrant , the color is changeable. The petals are narrow, drawn at the top. Column 10-17 mm. Pollinia - 4 (in two pairs).
The number of chromosomes : 2n = 40, 41 [3] .
Area, environmental features
China , Taiwan , Japan (West Honshu , Shikoku , Kyushu ) [5] , Korea .
Land plant or litofit . According to Chinese authors: shaded, wet habitats in forests on stony slopes at altitudes from 400 to 2400 meters above sea level [6] . According to other information: 800-1800 meters above sea level [7] .
In Korea, at altitudes of 200–600 meters above sea level [8] .
Blooming from August to December [6] .
It belongs to the number of protected species ( CITES Annex II).
In culture
Cymbidium kanran is valued for the aesthetic shape of the vegetative part and the scent of flowers. In the culture there are a lot of garden varieties with different color and details of the structure of the flowers and variegated leaves.
Generative shoots require night temperatures of around 5–10 ° C.
Due to the long and powerful roots, the plants are kept in high pots specially made for cymbidiums that resemble a vase in shape. With the cultivation of plants in ordinary pots less intense flowering is observed.
Substrate: a mixture of fine crushed stone or pieces of lava , pine bark, osmunda roots , charcoal and sphagnum characterized by good air permeability. During planting, special attention is paid to the absence of voids in the pot.
The ratio of the individual components of the substrate depends on the micro-and macroclimatic conditions. Some Asian growers living in countries with a warm climate use only rocky mixtures as a substrate. For countries with a cold winter, a substrate including organic ingredients is recommended. The density of the soil mixture should be such that water during irrigation completely seeps through the entire substrate for 10 seconds.
Watering uniform throughout the year. In winter, watering is reduced.
Transplantation takes place in the spring, once every 2–3 years [9] .
Diseases and pests
Literature
- Chen Singchi, Tsi Zhanhuo, Luo Yibo . Native Orchids of China in Color. Elsevier Science Ltd. 1999, 416. ISBN 7-03-006963-3
- Cribb P, Bell S , 1999, Plant portraits: 366. Cymbidium kanran: Orchidaceae . Curtis's Bot. Mag. 16. (2): 98-103
- Lee TB , 1978, Natural habitat of Cymbidium kanran Makino. Bull. Kwanak Arbor. 2. (2): 38–39
- Atsushi Hasegawa and Masanori Goi . Rhizome Formation in Cymbidium goeringii Reichenbach fil. and Cymbidium kanran Makino in Shoot-Tip Culture. Engei Gakkai zasshi. 1987. Vol.56, No.1. pp.70-78 (inaccessible link)
- Kokubu Teiji, Kaieda Yuichi, Higashi Yoshihiro, Kitano Tokiwa, Fukamizu Kiyohide. Organogenesis in Sterile Culture of Cymbidium , Cymbidium kanran Makino. Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University 1980. Vol.16 p.53-64 (not available link)
- Kokubut Y., Kaieda Y., Higashi Y. 1980. Organo-genesis of Cymbidium , Cymbidium kanran Makino. Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ. 16: 53-64. (inaccessible link)
- David Du Puy, Phillip Cribb. The Genus Cymbidium (Kew Botanical Magazine Monograph). Royal Botanic Gardens, 2007
- Cymbidium Kanran. M. Ogawa, 1987. ISBN 4-416-48001-6
Notes
- ↑ On the conditionality of specifying the class of monocotyledons as a higher taxon for the group of plants described in this article, see the “APG Systems” section of the article “Monocotyledons” .
- ↑ World Checklist of Cymbidium kanran . The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ↑ 1 2 Flora of China
- ↑ Cymbidium kanran . Species essay and photos.
- ↑ Japanese Orchids Archived April 20, 2010.
- ↑ 1 2 Chen Singchi, Tsi Zhanhuo, Luo Yibo. Native Orchids of China in Color. Elsevier Science Ltd. 1999, 416.
- ↑ David Du Puy, Phillip Cribb. The Genus Cymbidium (Kew Botanical Magazine Monograph). Royal Botanic Gardens, 2007
- ↑ Korean Cymbidium kanran Makino Archived July 2, 2009.
- ↑ Cymbidium Culture and Growing Tips Archived January 17, 2011.
Links
- Photos of Cymbidium kanran on flickr.com (English)
- Photos of variations of Cymbidium kanran on the KoreanOrchid.com website
- Cymbidium kanran Essay on Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia (English)
- Cymbidium kanran on Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. (eng.)
- Cymbidium kanran . Species essay and photos. (eng.)