County of Ribagors

County Education

The territory on which the county was located was the easternmost part of the lands inhabited by the Basques , in addition, Visigoths and Spanish-Romans lived on it. The early history of Ribagorsa is closely related to the history of the neighboring county of Ribagorsa. After the fall of the Visigoth kingdom, it was captured by the Moors, from whom, together with Pallars, it was recaptured by 781 by Guillaume Zhelonsky , forming from them a separate county included in the Spanish mark subordinate to the counts of Toulouse .

After the conquest of the lands from the Moors, the Christian population began to move in them. Located far enough from the centers of power of the Carolingian state, the counts of Toulouse enjoyed sufficient independence. They granted the monasteries great privileges, similar to those provided by the Carolingian court. This contributed to the founding of new monasteries and revived monasticism. At the same time, Emperor Charlemagne spiritually subordinated Pallars and Ribagors to the bishops of Urhel .

After the allocation of the Aquitaine kingdom to Pepin I in 817 , the son of the emperor Louis, Paliars and Ribagors in the Toulouse county were included in it. To control Pallars and Ribagorsa, the counts appointed Viscounts. But gradually they began to lose power over these lands.

County Pallars and Ribagorsa

After Guillaume Zhelonsky retired to the monastery in 806 , Palyars and Ribagorsa were successively under the jurisdiction of the Margraves of Toulouse Bégo (in 806–816) and Berenguer the Wise (in 816–833). In 833, Galindo I Asnares , Count of Urhel and Cerdani, captured the counties of Pallars and Ribagorsa, and entered into an alliance with the head of the Muslim family Banu Kasi Musa II ibn Musa . The capture of the counties brought Galindo into conflict with Count Bernard Septimansky , who succeeded Berenguer in Toulouse, and the alliance with the Muslims displeased Louis the Pious. As a result, in 834, the emperor announced that he was robbing Galindo of all his possessions, transferring them to Sunifred I. In 835, Sunifred expelled Galindo from Cerdani, and in 838 from Urhel. In the power of Galindo Asnares, only Paliars and Ribagorsa remained, but even in 844 ^{[1] they} were conquered by the Count of Toulouse Frelédon and again annexed to Toulouse.

Finally, Pallars and Ribagorsa gained independence after the murder in 872 of Count Toulouse Bernard II . After that, in a number of areas of Toulouse county, local feudal lords seized power. One of them, Ramon I ^[2] , who is supposed to have ruled Paliars and Ribagorsa on behalf of the Count of Toulouse in the early 870s, became the Count of Paliars and Ribagorsa after the death of his overlord. No details about how this happened were preserved in modern Ramon documents. Folk legends say that he was called by the locals to become their count in order to protect these lands from Muslim attacks.

The exact origin of Count Ramon I has not been established. In contemporary documents, he is mentioned as the son of a certain Count Lup, whom most historians consider identical with Count Bigorra Lup I Donat , a representative of the Bigorr dynasty ^[3] . Perhaps Ramon was the youngest son of Lup, and his lack of hope for part of his paternal inheritance forced him to leave the county of Bigorr and seek possession in the neighboring lands that belonged to the counts of Toulouse , of which he was probably a relative of his mother.

Having gained power, Ramon I immediately broke all vassal relations with the counts of Toulouse and their overlords, kings of the West Frankish state . To counter the attempts of the rulers of Toulouse to regain Pallars and Ribagorsa, Ramon I concluded an alliance agreement with Muslims from the Banu Kasi family, who owned vast lands south of his possessions. Also, the Count of Pallars and Ribagorsa made an alliance with King Pamplona ( Navarre ) Garcia II Jimenez , marrying his sister Dadildis. In addition, he supported the schism that was caused in the dioceses of the Spanish brand by the actions of the noncanonical bishop Urhel Esclua , who wanted to rid the Catalan dioceses of the influence of the pro-Frankish metropolis with a center in Narbonne . At the request of Ramon, in 888, Esclua restored the Pallars bishopric , which ceased to exist after the Arab conquest of the Iberian Peninsula at the beginning of the VIII century, having allocated land from the Urchel diocese for this. Later, he was also able to capture part of the Sobrarbe region.

After the death of Ramon in 920, there was a political separation of Pallars and Ribagorsa, since his possessions were divided between sons: the first and third sons of Ramon ( Isarn I and Lope I ) received the county of Pallars, the second and fourth - Bernat I Unifred and Miro I - the county of Ribagors .

Self County

About how power was divided in the county of Ribagors between the brothers, it is not exactly established. It is assumed that Bernat I occupied a dominant position, since the name Miro is practically not mentioned in the acts of that time. Perhaps Miro I could, under the supreme authority of his elder brother, manage the lands along the Noguera-Ribagorsan River . Thanks to his marriage to Toda, daughter of the last Earl of Aragon, Galindo II Asnares , Bernat I was in close alliance with Aragon and Navarra. Together with King of Navarra, Sancho I Garces and Muslim Amrus ibn Musa, son of Muhammad al-Tawil , he attacked the Monson fortress belonging to the Muvallad family Banu Kasi around 920 and seized the Rural district (in the Gallego valley) ^[4] . In the early years of his reign, Bernat completed the conquest of Sobrarbe, begun by his father. However, in the 940s, Sobrarbe passed from the control of Count Ribagorsa to King of Navarre Garcia I Sanchez , however, the circumstances of this event are unknown. Bernat I also patronized the monasteries of Alaon and Lavash, which were in his possession, and the diocese of Pallars .

After the death of Bernat I and Miro I, Ribagors was ruled by their sons, Ramon II and Guillaume I. Count Ramon II is known mainly only as the patron and benefactor of churches and monasteries that were in his possession. Already in 956, Ramon facilitated the transfer to the territory of his county of the episcopal residence of the Pallars diocese , under which he transferred the large church of San Vicent ^[5] just built in memory of his dead father in the city of Roda de Isabena . Consent to the transfer of the center of the Pallars diocese was obtained from Archbishop Narbonne Aymerika , head of the metropolis , which included all the dioceses of Catalonia ^[6] . At the place of the new residence, the diocese was called the bishopric of Rod . The diocese was headed by the youngest of the sons of Ramon II, Bishop Odesind. The transfer of the center of the Pallars bishopric to the county of Ribagorsu significantly reduced the pressure exerted on this diocese by the bishops of Urhel , who demanded the return of the lands belonging to the bishopric of Pallars to their jurisdiction. At the same time, the existence of an independent diocese on the territory of Ribagorsa significantly increased the authority of local counts among other Catalan rulers. The text of the donation charter given by Ramon II to the church of San Vicente de Roda on December 1 , probably 957 , indicates that at that time the Count of Ribagorsa recognized as his overlord only the king of the West Frankish state of Lothar .

Ramon II was succeeded by his eldest son, Unifred I , whose co-rulers were his younger brothers Arnau I and Isarn I, who successively inherited their older brother. Very little is known about their rule. Unifred was known as the patron and benefactor of churches and monasteries in his possession. Isarne I was the last legitimate representative of the clan; he died in 1003 in the fight against the Moors at the Battle of Albese .

Isarnu was inherited by his sister Toda . During her independent reign by 1006, most of Ribagorsa was conquered by the Hadjib of the Cordoba Caliphate Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar . in 1006/1008, she married Count Palyarsa Suniye I. Thus, in the hands of Suniye again were all the possessions of the Palyarsk dynasty, divided after the death of Count Ramon I in 920. The charters issued by Suniye testify that in 1008–1010 he carried out the management of the Ribagorsa lands remaining in the hands of Christians, with Toda, but historical sources do not report any attempts to recapture the lands captured by the Moors.

After the death of Suniye, Paliars and Ribagors separated again, since neither the direct heirs of Suniye became the new ruler in Ribagors, but the countess Toda’s nephew, Count Guillaume II , the illegitimate son of Isarne I, who received the county with the help of his cousin, Count Castile Sancho Garcia .

Ribagorsa of Navarra and Aragon

Guillaume died around 1018, leaving no heirs, after which a struggle broke out between Ribagorsa between his relatives. The closest relatives of Guillam were the children of Count Castile Sancho, who died in 1017, whose mother, Ava, was the daughter of Count Ramon II, but Count Garcia Sanchez , son of Sancho, was still a minor. The rights to Ribagors were also claimed by Ramon III , Earl of Pallars-Hussa , whose wife, Major, was the sister (according to another version) daughter of Sancho of Castile, and King of Navarre Sancho III , married to Muniadonna , the eldest daughter of Sancho of Castile.

In 1018, Sancho III of Navarre occupied the central part of the county, where he defeated the Moors who invaded Ribagorsa. The northern part of the county was in the hands of Ramon III Palyarsky. After the divorce, Ramon III in 1020 tried to preserve his part of the county, but in 1025 Sancho III annexed most of the northern part of the county to Navarre. Ramon III retained only the Noghera-Ribagorsana Basin.

After the death of Sancho III in 1035, Ribagorsa, together with Sobrarbe, received one of his sons Gonzalo . However, after the death of Gonzalo in 1043, his possessions were seized by his brother Ramiro I and incorporated into the kingdom of Aragon . As part of Aragon Ribagorsa remained until 1322 .

In 1322, King of Aragon Jaime II transferred the title of Count Ribagorsa to his son Pedro (Pere) IV . However, after the death of the grandson of Pere IV, Alfonso V , Count of Ribagorsa and Duke de Gandius, in 1425 the title was vacant. In the same year, King of Aragon Alfonso V transferred the title of Count Ribagorsa to his brother, Juan , who, becoming king of Aragon in 1458 , transferred the title to one of his sons, Ferdinand (future king Ferdinand II), and in 1469 transferred to his illegitimate son, Alfonso VI , made in 1476 by the Duke of Villahermosa . His descendants were Counts of Ribagorsa until 1598 , when Count Francisco I (1551-1622), who also wore the titles of the Dukes de Luna and de Villahermosa, was forced to abandon the county in exchange for financial compensation after the unrest, resulting in King Philip II of Spain finally annexed Ribagors to the crown possessions.

Counts of Pallars and Ribagorsa

As part of the county of Toulouse (790–833)

• 790 - 806 : Guillaume of Zhelonsky (d. 812), Margrave of Toulouse and Marquis of Septimania
• 806 - 816 : Bego (d. 816), Count of Paris , Margrave of Toulouse and Marquis of Septimania
• 816 - 833 : Berenguer I the Wise (d. 835), Marquis of Septimania from 832

Self county

• 833-844 / 848 : Galindo I Aznares (d. 867), Count of Urhel 832-834, Cerdani 832-832, Palyarsa and Ribagorsa 833-844, Aragon from 844

As part of the county of Toulouse (844 / 848-872)

• 844/848 - 851 : Fredelon (d. 851), Count of Ruerg with after 837, Count of Toulouse with 844/849, Count of Carcassonne with 850
• 852 - 865 : Raimund I (d. 865), Count of Limoges with 841, Count of Kersey and Count of Ruerg with 849, Count of Toulouse and Carcassonne with 852, Marquis of Toulouse with 855, brother of the previous
• 865 - 872 : Bernard II Calf (d. 872), Count of Toulouse, Ruerg, Limoges s 865, Nimes, Carcassonne, Razes and Albi s 872, son of the previous

Self county

• 872 - 920 : Ramon I (II) (d. 920), Count of Paliars and Ribagorsa from 872

Counts Ribagorsa

Palyar dynasty

• 920 - 950/956: Bernat I Unifred (Unifred I) ^[7] (d. 950/956), Count Ribagorsa with 920
• 920 - 950/955: Miro I (d. 950/955), count-co-ruler of Ribagorsa with 920, brother of the previous
• 950/956 - 960/970: Ramon II (III) (d. 960/970), Count of Ribagorsa from 950/956, son of Bernat I
• 950/955 - after 976 : Guillaume I (d. After 976), count-co-ruler of Ribagorsa from 950/956, son of Miro I
• 960/970 - 980/981: Unifred I (II) (d. 980/981), Count of Ribagorsa from 960/970, son of Ramon II
• 960/970 - after 990 : Arnau I (d. After 990), count-co-ruler of Ribagorsa from 960/970, count of Ribagorsa from 980/981, brother of the previous
• 960 / 970-1003 : Isarn I (d. 1003), count-co-ruler with 960/970, count of Ribagorsa after 990, brother of the previous
• 1003 - 1011 : Toda (d. After 1011), Countess Ribagorsa 1003-1011, sister of the previous

  husband: Suniye I (d. 1010/1011), Count of Paliars from 948/950, count-co-ruler of Ribagorsa from 1006/1008

• 1011 1018 : Guillaume II (d. C. 1018), Count of Ribagorsa with 1011

Jimenez dynasty

• 1018 - 1035 : Sancho I the Great (c. 985-18 October 1035), King of Navarre (Sancho III) and Count of Aragon with 1000, Count of Sobrarbe with 1015, Ribagorsa with 1018, Count of Castile from 1029 and conqueror of the kingdom of Leon. Emperor of Spain since 1034
• 1035 - 1043 : Gonzalo Sanchez (d. 1043), Count Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1035, son of the previous
• 1043 - 1063 : Ramiro I (c. 1008 — d. 1063), king of Aragon from 1035, count of Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1043, brother of the previous
• 1063 - 1094 : Sancho II (1042 / 1043-1094), King of Aragon (Sancho I) since 1063, King of Navarra (Sancho V) since 1076, Count Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1063, son of the previous
• 1094 - 1101 : Pedro (Pere) I (1070-1104), King of Navarra and Aragon, Count Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1094, son of the previous
• 1104 - 1134 : Alfonso I the Warrior (1073 / 1083–1134), king of Navarre and Aragon, count of Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1104, co-ruler of the kingdom of Castile and Leon from 1109 to 1114, brother of the previous
• 1134 - 1137 : Ramiro II Monk (1075 / 86-1157), Bishop of Pamplona since 1115, King of Aragon, Count of Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1134, brother of the previous
• 1137 - 1162 : Petronila (1135–1174), Queen of Aragon, Countess Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1137, daughter of the previous

husband: Ramon Berenguer IV , Count of Barcelona

Barcelona house

• 1162 - 1196 : Alfonso II the Chaste (1154–1196), king of Aragon, count of Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa, Barcelona, ​​Gerona, Hosona, Besalu and Cerdanya from 1162, count of Provence from 1181, son of Ramon Berenguer IV and Petronilla of Aragon
• 1196 - 1213 : Pedro (Pere) II Catholic (1177-1213), King of Aragon, Count of Barcelona, ​​Gerona, Osona, Besalu, Cerdanya, Pallars Hussa, Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1196, Senor Montpellier from 1204, son of the previous
• 1213 - 1276 : Jaime I the Conqueror (1208–1276), King of Aragon, Count of Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa, Barcelona and Senior Montpellier from 1213, King of Mallorca from 1231, Valencia from 1238, Count of Urgel 1321-1236, son of the previous
• 1276 - 1285 : Pedro (Pere) III the Great (1240–1285), Count of Barcelona, ​​King of Aragon and Valencia (Pedro I), Count Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa from 1276, King of Sicily (Pedro I) from 1282, son of the previous
• 1285 - 1291 : Alfonso III the Generous (1265-1291), Count of Barcelona, ​​Sobrarbe and Ribagorsa, King of Aragon and Valencia (Alfonso I) from 1285, King of Mallorca (Alfonso I) from 1286, son of the previous
• 1291–1322: Jaime II the Fair (1267–1237), King of Sicily (Jaime I) 1285–1296, Count of Barcelona, ​​King of Aragon and Valencia from 1291, King of Mallorca 1291–1295, King of Sardinia (Jaime I) from 1324, Count of Ribagorsa 1291-1322, brother of the previous

Barcelona House , branch of the Dukes de Gandia

• 1322 - 1381 : Pedro (Pere) IV (1305–1381), Count Ribagorsa from 1322 (Pere IV), Ampuryasa (Pere IV) 1325–1341, Pradesa (Pedro I) from 1344, Senor of Gandia (Pedro I) 1323-1359 son of the previous
• 1381 - 1412 : Alfonso IV (c. 1322-1412), Count of Ribagorsa from 1358 or 1381, Count of Denia from 1355, Marquis of Vilena from 1366, Duke of Gandia from 1399 (Alfonso I), son of the previous
• 1412 - 1425 : Alfonso V (after 1358-1425), Duke de Gandia (Alfonso II), Count of Ribagorsa and Denia, Marquis of Vilena from 1412, son of the previous

Dynasty of trastamar

• 1425 - 1458 : Juan I (1398-1479), Count of Ribagorsa 1425-1458, King of Navarre from 1425, King of Aragon (Juan II) from 1458
• 1458 - 1469 : Ferdinad I (1452-1516), Count of Ribagorsa 1458-1469, King of Aragon (Ferdinand II) from 1479, son of the previous
• 1469–1485 : Alfonso VI (1417–1495), Count of Ribagorsa 1469–1485, Duke of Villahermos from 1476, illegitimate son of King Juan II of Aragon
• 1485 - 1512 : Juan II (1457-1528), count of Ribagorsa 1485-1512, duke de Luna from 1495, illegitimate son of the previous
• 1512-1533: Alfonso VII (1487-1550), Count of Ribagorsa 1512-1533, Duke de Luna from 1528, son of the previous
• 1533 - 1565 : Martin I (1525-1581), Count of Ribagorsa 1533-1565, Duke de Luna from 1550, Duke de Villahermosa, son of the previous
• 1565 - 1573 : Juan Alfonso I (1543-1573), Count of Ribagorsa from 1565, son of the previous
• 1573 - 1592 : Fernando I (1546-1592), Count of Ribagorsa from 1573, Duke de Luna and de Villairemosa from 1581, brother of the previous
• 1592–1598: Francisco I (1551–1622), Earl of Ribagorsa 1592–1598, Duke de Luna and de Villahermosa from 1592, brother of the previous

• Spanish brand
• County Toulouse
• County Pallars

• Lewis, Archibald R. The development of southern french and catalan society, 718-1050 . - Austin: University of Texas edition, 1965.

• CONDES de RIBAGORZA (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy . Date of treatment January 2, 2010. Archived on April 14, 2012.
• Catalan counties (neopr.) . Reconquista . Date of treatment January 2, 2010. Archived March 25, 2012.
• comtat de Ribagorça (Catalan.) . l'Enciclopèdia. Date of treatment January 2, 2010. Archived on April 14, 2012.
• County of Ribagorça . l'Enciclopédia. Date of treatment January 2, 2010. Archived on April 14, 2012.