Romanian Tatars (also Romanian Tatars, Danube Tatars, Bujak Tatars [1] , Roman Tătarii din România , Crimean Tat Tatars Romaniya Tatarları ) is one of the officially recognized national minorities of Romania . They have one representative in the lower house of the Romanian parliament ( Chamber of Deputies of Romania ). According to the 2002 census , 24 thousand Tatars (0.1% of the country's population) lived in Romania [2] . A small number of Danube Tatars professing Islam were preserved in Moldova , according to the 2004 census of Moldavia [1] . They speak the steppe dialect of the Crimean Tatar language .
Content
- 1 History
- 2 censuses
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 Literature
- 6 notes
History
The Türks appeared and settled in the territory of today's Republic of Romania in the XIII century [3] , during the first Tatar-Mongol invasion , although various Turkic tribes ( Huns , Avars , Bulgars , Pechenegs ) penetrated the territory of the future Danubian principalities from the V century and throughout The Middle Ages . Most of the modern Tatars of Romania are descendants of the Crimean Tatars who migrated here in waves from the territories of Crimea and the Northern Black Sea occupied by the Russian Empire in the 18th century . The other part is the Bujak Tatars of Southern Bessarabia and Budzhak [4] . Almost all of them live in the east of Romania - in the Dobrogea region . The hilly, steppe, arid, sparsely populated Black Sea region of Dobrudzha has long attracted nomadic Türkic tribes and has undergone intensive Turkish-Tatar colonization since the 15th century. On the eve of the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878, the number of Tatars in the territory of the future Romanian Dobrudja (now Northern Dobrudja ) was at least 150 thousand people. At least 50 thousand Turks lived next to them. Many of them were Muhajirs who resettled over the Danube after the annexation of Budzhak and Bessarabia by the Russian Empire in 1812 . At the end of the war, about 100 thousand Muslims immediately left Romania, moving to Ottoman Anatolia . Over time, the Tatar communities consolidated into a single group, living side by side with the Romanian Turks . Some Circassians from the North Caucasus also joined them. Together, these groups formed the basis of the Muslim community of Romania for many centuries, as well as at present. Turks and Tatars had a significant impact on the Romanian language, culture, traditions, cuisine and music.
Censuses
The first Romanian census of Dobrudja in 1880 revealed 29,476 Tatars (21%) and 18,624 Turks (13%) in Dobrudja. In total, Muslims accounted for 34% of the region’s population. The Romanians themselves in Dobrudge then were only 43671 people (31% of the population). Before their resettlement in Dobruzhda, at the end of the 18th-19th centuries, there were already settlements of Nogais , 30 thousand of whom (the number may be overstated) were invited to the settlement in Dobrudja by the Turkish sultans. Most Romanian Tatars and now (2002, the census) live in the historical region of Northern Dobrudja, where they make up 2.5% of the population of the region. After a rapid decline in the late XIX - early XX centuries, their share and number are stable. In communist Romania, the situation of the Turks and Tatars was relatively prosperous, despite some educational uncertainty.
See also
- Islam in Romania
- Crimean Tatars in Romania
Links
- The Democratic Union of Tatar-Turks of Romania (rt.) (English) (rum.) (The main socio-political organization of the Tatar community of Romania)
Literature
- Robert Stănciugel și Liliana Monica Bălașa, Dobrogea în Secolele VII-XIX. Evoluție istorică , București, 2005
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Some results of the 2004 census in Moldova . www.demoscope.ru. Date of treatment November 23, 2015.
- ↑ Populația stabilă după etnie - județe, municipii, orașe, comune
- ↑ Stănciugel et al., P. 44–46.
- ↑ Stănciugel et al., P. 147.