Litvinov Protocol, Litvinov Pact , Moscow Protocol - an international treaty signed on February 9, 1929 in Moscow . The signing was attended by: USSR , Poland , Romania , Latvia , Estonia . The agreement is named after the main initiator - Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR Maxim Litvinov .
The initiative to sign this agreement belonged to Soviet diplomacy. The Briand-Kellogg Pact signed on August 1928 to renounce war as an instrument of national policy could not come into force only after it was ratified by all the signatory countries, and the Soviet government turned to the governments of Poland and the Baltic states with the proposal to consider the pact binding and entered into force even if other countries do not ratify it.
On December 29, 1928, the USSR government sent a note to Poland and Lithuania (which had already ratified the Briand-Kellogg Pact) with a proposal to sign a protocol on the early entry into force of this pact. The governments of Latvia and Estonia (these countries signed the pact, but have not ratified it) and Finland (not yet a party to the pact) were sent a proposal to sign this protocol immediately after finalizing the accession to the Briand-Kellogg Pact. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania in a note dated January 10, 1929 reported that the Lithuanian government, in principle, agrees with the Soviet proposal, but it needs additional time for discussion. The Latvian government has determined its participation in the signing of the position of Poland. Assuming that the caution of these states is directly related to the USSR having an unresolved territorial dispute with Romania over Bessarabia , the Soviet government sent a proposal to join the protocol also to the Romanian government.
On February 9, 1929, a protocol was signed in Moscow on the immediate entry into force of the Paris Treaty on the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy. On April 1, 1929, Turkey joined him and on April 5, Lithuania .
Meanwhile, 44 states ratified the Briand-Kellogg Pact, and on July 24, 1929, it entered into force, in connection with which the Moscow Protocol lost its significance.
Literature
- Treaty on the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy (Paris, August 27, 1928) (Russian) // Collection of existing treaties, agreements and conventions concluded by the USSR with foreign states. - M. , 1930. - Vol. Vol. V. - S. 5-8 .
- Protocol on the entry into force of the Paris Treaty of August 27, 1928 on the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy (Moscow, February 9, 1929) (Russian) // Collection of existing treaties, agreements and conventions concluded by the USSR with foreign states. - M. , 1930. - Vol. Vol. V. - S. 8-10 .
Links
- Moscow Protocol 1929 - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- The text of the protocol (Fr.)