Tughor of tissues - the stress state of the shells of living cells . Turgor pressure is the internal pressure that develops in a plant cell when water enters it as a result of osmosis and the cytoplasm is pressed against the cell wall ; this pressure prevents further penetration of water into the cell.
Turgor is caused by three factors: the internal osmotic pressure of the cell, which causes stress on the cell membrane , external osmotic pressure, and the elasticity of the cell membrane.
Turgor of animal cells, with rare exceptions, is low. The difference between internal and external pressure does not exceed 1 atmosphere. The turgor of cells in plants and fungi is significantly higher; usually the internal pressure is from 5 to 10 atmospheres, living tissues for this reason have elasticity and substantial structural strength. In some plants growing on saline soils ( halophytes ), as well as in fungi, the difference between the internal and external pressure of the cells can reach 50 and even 100 atmospheres.
Turgor is an indicator of hydration and the state of the water regime of living organisms. The decrease in turgor is accompanied by the processes of autolysis (decay), withering and aging of cells.
Etymology of the term
The word "turgor" is derived from late Late. turgor ("bloating, filling"), which originates from the Latin turgere ("to be swollen, full").
See also
- Osmotic pressure
Links
- Turgor - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .