Marc Clavdius Marcellus ( Latin Marcus Claudius Marcellus ; 3rd-2nd centuries BC) - Roman military leader and politician from the plebeian branch of the aristocratic clan Claudius , consul 183 BC e.
| Marc Claudius Marcellus | |||||||
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| lat Marcus claudius marcellus | |||||||
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| Birth | III century BC e. | ||||||
| Death | 169 BC e. (according to one version) Rome | ||||||
| Kind | Claudia Marcella | ||||||
| Father | Marc Claudius Marcellus | ||||||
Content
- 1 Origin
- 2 Biography
- 3 notes
- 4 Sources and literature
- 4.1 Sources
- 4.2 Literature
- 5 Links
Origin
Marcellus belonged to the plebeian branch of Claudius , which, according to historians, was initially closely connected with Claudius- patricians : the first Marcella, who reached the magisterial magistrates , could still be clients of Claudius Crassov [1] . Cognomen Marcellus is a diminutive form of the name Mark [2] , although Plutarch raised the etymology to the name of the Roman god of war [3] . The first bearer of this cognitive phenomenon, mentioned in the sources, was the consul of 331 BC. e. [four]
According to the Capitol fasts , the father and grandfather of Mark Claudius had the same name - Mark [5] .
Biography
Accurate information about the beginning of the political career of Mark Claudius in the surviving sources there. Two nobles with this name occupied in the 180s BC. e. praetor position: one in 188 as praetor urbanus [6] [7] [8] [9] , the other in 185 [10] [11] . One of them (who exactly is unknown) was elected consul for 183 BC. e. [12] The patrician Quintus Fabius Labeon became his colleague [13] . Both consuls received Liguria as a province, but Marcellus later moved to Cisalpian Gaul in order to prevent one Gallic tribe who had migrated from the Alps to build a city near Aquileia . This tribe without a fight agreed to leave behind the Alps, but the consul took away from the Gauls weapons and property; they filed a complaint with the Roman Senate and found support there. Mark Claudius had to return the taken [14] [12] .
After this, Marcellus began to prepare for the war in Istria , but by that time it was already the end of the year, and Mark Claudius went to Rome to organize the next election of magistrates. His powers in Cisalpine Gaul were extended ; about the actions of Mark Claudius in 182 BC. e. we only know that he was standing with the army at the border with Liguria, and two thousand ligurs turned to him for patronage. The Senate considered it more appropriate for the consul to deal with this matter, and not the proconsul. In 181 BC e. Senators instructed Marcellus to help Ligurian Proconsul Lucius Emilius Pavel , who was at war with the Ingav tribe, but by this time he had already passed the command [12] .
In the following years, Mark Claudius Marcellus was mentioned three more times, but in all cases, researchers are not sure that this is about the consul of 183 BC. e. [15] So, in 173, a man of that name was an ambassador to Greece . In Delphi, he attended the Aetolian popular assembly and secured an end to the struggle between the two "parties"; in the Peloponnesian city, Aigius convened a general meeting of the Achaeans and, speaking to them, "clearly discovered the hatred of the Romans to Perseus, " the king of Macedonia [16] .
In connection with the events of 169 BC. e. mentioned two Markov Klavdiev Marcellov. One of them was a legate in the army of the consul Quintius Marcius Philippe , who acted against Perseus in the framework of the Third Macedonian War [17] . Another was the decemvir of the rites and died that very year [18] . Moreover, there is a possibility, although not too great, that none of these references refers to the consul of 183 BC. e. [19]
Notes
- ↑ Claudii Marcelli, 1899 , s. 2731-2732.
- ↑ Plutarch, 1994 , Marcellus, approx. 2.
- ↑ Plutarch, 1994 , Marcellus, 1.
- ↑ Claudii Marcelli, 1899 , s. 2732.
- ↑ Capitoline fasts , 183 BC e.
- ↑ Titus Livy, 1994 , XXXVIII, 42, 7.
- ↑ Dion Cassius , fr. 61.
- ↑ Valery Maxim, 1772 , VI, 6, 3.
- ↑ Broughton, 1951 , p. 365.
- ↑ Titus Livy, 1994 , XXXXX, 23, 2.
- ↑ Broughton, 1951 , p. 372.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Claudius 223, 224, 1899 , s. 2757.
- ↑ Broughton, 1951 , p. 378.
- ↑ Titus Livy, 1994 , XXXXX, 45, 6; 54–55.
- ↑ Claudius 223, 224, 1899 , s. 2757-2758.
- ↑ Titus Livy, 1994 , xlII, 5-6.
- ↑ Titus Livy, 1994 , XLIV, 3, 2.
- ↑ Titus Livy, 1994 , XLIV, 18, 7.
- ↑ Claudius 223, 224, 1899 , s. 2758.
Sources and Literature
Sources
- Valery Maxim . Memorable deeds and sayings. - SPb. , 1772. - T. 2. - 520 s.
- Capitoline fasts . Site "History of Ancient Rome". Date of treatment April 8, 2017.
- Dion Cassius . Roman history . Date of appeal September 14, 2016.
- Titus Livy . The history of Rome from the foundation of the city. - M .: Nauka, 1994 .-- T. 3 .-- 768 p. - ISBN 5-02-008959-1 .
- Plutarch . Comparative biographies. - M .: Nauka, 1994 .-- ISBN 5-02-011570-3 , 5-02-011568-1.
Literature
- Broughton R. Magistrates of the Roman Republic. - New York, 1951. - Vol. I. - P. 600.
- Münzer F. Claudii Marcelli // Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft . - 1899. - T. IV, 1 . - P. 1358-1371.
- Münzer F. Claudius 223, 224 // Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft . - 1899. - T. IV, 1 . - P. 2757-2758.
Links
- Marc Claudius Marcellus (consul of 183 BC) . - biography on the site ancientrome.ru .
- Marc Claudius Marcellus (consul of 183 BC) (English) . - in Smith 's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.