The Samur district is an administrative unit of the Caspian region , Derbent province , Dagestan region and the Dagestan ASSR , which existed in 1839-1928. The administrative center of the okrug is Akhty [1] .
| Samur district | |
|---|---|
| A country |  Russian empire |
| Province | Dagestan region |
| County town | Oh you |
| Population | 35 6 thousand, (1 897) people. |
| Area | 3697.8 kmΒ² |
| Educated | 1839 |
| Abolished | 1928 |
 | |
Content
- 1 History
- 2 population
- 3 Administrative divisions
- 4 Economics
- 5 Geography
- 6 District Chiefs
- 7 Notes
- 8 References
Story
Samursky district was formed in 1839. Since 1840 - as part of the Cuban district of the Caspian region, since 1846 - in the Derbent province, since 1860 - in the Dagestan region. In 1921 it became part of the Dagestan ASSR.
In 1850, there were 10 villages in the Dokuzpar naibes , and eight of them went to the latrine to Nukhinsky district. One third of the inhabitants of Baluja , half of the population of Yaldzhukh , 24 yards of Jig-Dzhig and 74 yards of Ihir , writes Professor Khidir Ramazanov, because of the lack of land they moved to Azerbaijan and founded new villages there. [2] In 1886 there were 17 villages in the Dokuzpar naibstvo [3] .
In 1915, there were five secular schools in the district: two in Akhty, one each in the villages of Hryug , Rutul , Filya. In November 1928, canton division was introduced in the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and all districts were abolished.
Population
According to the 1897 census, 35.6 thousand people lived in the okrug. Including with the native language of Kyurin (that is, Lezgi ) - 95.3% [4] . In the village of Akhty, 3190 people lived. [5]
In 1898, the social composition of the Samur district was represented as follows: nobles, beks and chunks - 200 people .; clergy - 147, urban estates - 1, rural estates - 62 859, military - 190. By religion: Orthodox - 120, schismatics of different sects - 3, Armenian Grigoryans - 4, Roman Catholics - 42, Protestants - 3; Muslims: Sunnis - 60,581; Shiites - 2,642; Jews - 2. A total of 63,397 [6]
The population of Samursky district was characterized by a high proportion of migrants. So, the district gave the greatest number of migrants in comparison with other districts of the Dagestan region. One of the main reasons for the abandonment was the lack of arable land.
Administrative division
The district was divided into 4 naibs : Akhtyparinsky (village of Akhty), Dokuzparinsky (village of Miskindzha), Rutulsky (village of Rutul) and Ikhreksky (village of Ikhrek) [7] . Ihrek naib was subsequently abolished, and its entire territory was included in Rutul naib. According to the cameral description of 1865, the pre-Uzparinsk naibbe was the most numerous naiba of the Dagestan region [7] .
In 1899, the naibes were transformed into plots. The plots were divided into rural societies.
In 1895 there were 3 naibas in the district: Akhtyparinskoye (center - the village of Akhty ), Dokuzparinskoye (center - the village of Miskindzha ), Lucek (center - the village of Lucek ) [8] .
By 1926, the district was divided into 3 sections: Akhtyparinsky (center - the village of Akhty ), Dokus-Parinsky (center - the village of Usukh-Chay ) and Lucek (the center - the village of Lucek ).
Economy
The basis of the economy of the district was livestock, including transhumance. The community of the village of Miskindzha drove cattle for the winter to the Cuban and Derbent zones. Residents of Altyparin villages (along the Chekhichaya gorge) in the Sheki, Cuban zones and Tabasaran. And the Akhtynts drove cattle to the Derbent, Sheki zones and Tabasaran. Mostly small cattle and horses were distilled for the winter, and cattle (bulls, cows, calves) remained for the winter in the village mainly on a stall, that is, grazing sometimes in good weather in the field was combined with hay feeding. In 1897, the number of livestock in the Samur district was: horses - 5602, donkeys - 2650, mules - 157, bulls and cows - 11 416, buffaloes and buffaloes - 148, sheep - 308 393, goats - 37 245 heads, and all - 365 611 goals. [9]
Geography
Samursky district was located in the highlands of the Dagestan region.
In the north-west, the Samur district bordered on the Gunibsky district, in the north-east with Kazykumukhsky and Kyurinsky, in the east - with the Cuban uehd of the Baku province, in the south-west with Nukhinsky district and the Zakatalsky district of the Elisavetpol province. The largest rivers: Samur, Kara-Samur, Akhtychay, Kurdul, Usukhchay, Dyultychay. Mountain ranges: Main Caucasus, Samursky, Khultaydag, Dultydag, Helmets-Akhtynsky, Shalbuzdag. Mountain peaks: Bazarduzu, Shalbuzdag, Deavgay, Guton, Cholokhsu, Malkamud, etc.
District Chiefs
| Head of District | Management period | |
|---|---|---|
| one | Colonel Roth | 1839 - 1849 |
| 2 | Colonel Schulz Moritz Khristianovich | February 12, 1849 - 1850 |
| 3 | Lieutenant Colonel Yuzbashev Artemy Solomonovich [10] | October 12, 1873 - March 3, 1878 |
| four | Colonel Chizhikov | ? (to Kutsevalov) |
| 5 | Colonel Kutsevalov | 1894-1897β? |
Notes
- β s: MESBE / Samur District
- β Monograph on the material culture of Lezghins at the turn of the 19th β 20th centuries. (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment December 11, 2013. Archived July 17, 2014.
- β Dokuzpar naibstvo - 1886 . Family lists .
- β Demoscope
- β Demoscope Weekly - Application. Statistics Handbook
- β P.-A. G. Emirov βOverview of the State of Dagestan Region for 1898β
- β 1 2 Caucasian highlanders. - Tiflis, 1868.
- β Memorial book of the Dagestan region / E.I. Kozubsky. - Temir-Khan-Shura: "Russian Printing House", 1895.
- β Monograph on the material culture of Lezghins at the turn of the XIX β XX centuries
- β A. L. Boguslavsky, George (Grand Duke of Russia). History of the Absheron Regiment, 1700-1892 . - Publishing house of Ataev I.G., 1993 .-- T. 2 .-- S. 491.
References
- Samursky district // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.