Navi Mumbai ( Marath. नवी I , IAST : Navi Muṃbaī IAST ) is a city on the west coast of the Indian state of Maharashtra . It was founded in 1972 as a satellite city of Mumbai . The largest “artificial” city in the world [2] [3] [4] , covers an area of 344 km², of which 163 km² under the jurisdiction of the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation [5] .
| Satellite city | |||
| Navi Mumbai | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Marath. नवी मुंबई hindi हिन्दी English Navi Mumbai, New Bombay | |||
 | |||
| |||
| A country |  India | ||
| State | Maharashtra | ||
| County | Mumbai | ||
| History and Geography | |||
| Based | 1972 | ||
| Square | 108.63 [1] km² | ||
| Center height | 10 m | ||
| Timezone | UTC + 5: 30 | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | 1,119,477 people ( 2011 ) | ||
| Density | 4332 people / km² | ||
| Digital identifiers | |||
| Telephone code | +022 | ||
| Car code | Mh-43 | ||
| nmmconline.com | |||
Content
History
The construction of the satellite city of Mumbai on the "mainland" is associated with the need to unload the city, the development opportunities of which are limited by the territory of the island on which it is located. Planning for Navi-Mumbai began in 1971 under the leadership of Charles Correa [6] and R.K. Jha (chief architect) [7] . For the construction of the city was allocated a plot of 150 km along the Konkan coast of Maharashtra. The government of Maharashtra purchased the privately owned land in 86 settlements with a total area of 15 954 ha.
In 1972, the construction of a new city began. In 1973, the Vashi bridge was opened, connecting Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. However, the rapid population growth of the new city and the accelerated development of its economy began after the opening in 1990 of the wholesale market for your agricultural products and the construction of a suburban railway in 1992. On January 1, 1992, the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation was established [1] . In the period from 1991 to 2001, the population of the city grew from 318 thousand to 704 thousand people [8] .
Physico-geographical characteristics
Navi Mumbai is located on the shores of the Arabian Sea and is bounded from the west by the sea, and from the east by the spurs of the Western Ghats . There are 23 lakes in the city. The total area of reservoirs within the city is 333,023 m² [9] .
- Climate
The climate of Navi Mumbai is tropical monsoon . Average air temperatures range from 22 ° C to 36 ° C. In winter, average temperatures drop to 17 ° C - 20 ° C, in summer the air warms up to 36 ° C - 41 ° C on average. 80% of the annual rainfall falls from June to October. The annual rainfall is 2842 mm [10] with a relative humidity of 61-86% [11] .
| Climate Navi Mumbai | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average maximum, ° C | 28.9 | 29.6 | 31.6 | 33.1 | 33.8 | 32,3 | 29.8 | 29.7 | 30,0 | 32,3 | 32,0 | 30.6 | 31.14 |
| Average temperature, ° C | 23.5 | 24.1 | 26.6 | 28.7 | 30.1 | 29.2 | 27.4 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 28.1 | 26.7 | 24.8 | 27.0 |
| Average minimum ° C | 18.1 | 18.7 | 21.7 | 24.3 | 26.5 | 26.1 | 25.1 | 24.6 | 24.3 | 23.9 | 21,4 | 19.0 | 22.8 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 0 | 0 | 0 | one | 12 | 569 | 1068 | 712 | 368 | 86 | 7 | one | 2842 |
| Source: [1] | |||||||||||||
Population
According to the 2011 census of India, the population of Navi Mumbai was 1,119,477; of which 611,501 men and 507,976 women. Literacy rate 91.57%. The sex ratio is 831 women to 1000 men. The ratio of girls and boys is 901 to 1000.
Transport
The network of Mumbai commuter trains covers most of the city. The most important railway stations are Vash, Nerul, Belapur and Panvel.
In the Panvel area, Navi Mumbai International Airport is being built. Construction approved in 2007. The nearest existing airport is Chatrapati Shivaji , 30 km from the city.
In Navi Mumbai (in the Uranus region) is located one of the largest cargo ports in India - the port of Jawaharlal Nehru . It accounts for 65% of container shipping in India.
See also
- Nava Sheva
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Corporation - NMMC
- ↑ 25 biggest planned cities in the world . Rediff Date of treatment March 20, 2016.
- ↑ Navi Mumbai
- ↑ The Hindu
- ↑ nmmconline.com: Land Usage Archived November 1, 2009.
- ↑ Master class with Charles Correa . Mumbai Mirror (Jun 9, 2013). Date of treatment July 2, 2013.
- ↑ Mehta, H .: Man who built Navi Mumbai is in Gujarat The Times of India February 21, 2010. Accessed January 27, 2014.
- ↑ History - NMMC unopened (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment June 21, 2014. Archived on August 17, 2016.
- ↑ Lakes - NMMC
- ↑ Climate: Navi Mumbai - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table
- ↑ Climate - NMMC