Altanbulag ( Mongolian. Altan bulag is a "golden spring", until 1989 the name was transferred to Russian as Altan-Bulak on Soviet maps [1] ) - a settlement in Mongolia , the center of the somon Altanbulag aymak Selange . Located on the Mongolian-Russian border on the paved highway Ulan-Ude - Ulan Bator , opposite the Russian city of Kyakhta .
| Village | |
| Altanbulag | |
|---|---|
| mong. Altanbulag | |
| A country |  Mongolia |
| Aimak | Selenge |
| Somone | Altanbulag |
| History and Geography | |
| Based | 1730 |
| Former names | Maymachen |
| Square | |
| Center height | |
| Timezone | UTC + 8 |
| Population | |
| Population | 4000 people ( 2008 ) |
| Nationalities | Mongols , Buryats |
| Denominations | Buddhists |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | (976 1362) 26 510 |
| altanbulag.mn (Mong.) (Rus.) (Eng.) | |
Content
History
In the summer of 1727 the trade settlement of Kyakhta was laid. On the other side of the border in 1730 [2] by the forces of the Chinese , Mongols and Manchu , the Maimachen trade settlement was formed (which was not, strictly speaking, a proper name, but only a designation of the settlement function, since in Chinese Mǎimàichéng ( 買賣城) means “ commercial settlement ”; a settlement with the same name was also located near Urga ). Maimachen was sometimes called the “Mongolian Kyakhta” [3] or South Kyakhta ( Mong. ӨvӨr Khiagt ).
In the 1820s, Maimachen consisted of three longitudinal and one transverse streets. The middle street was called chjun-jie, the eastern one was dong-jie, the western one was shi-jie, the cross street was heng-jie. Each street was 550 steps long. The city had about 150 houses, mostly occupied by retail stores. Residents had outbuildings outside the city [4] .
On March 18, 1921, units of the Mongolian People’s Army under the command of Suhe-Bator liberated Maimachen from the Chinese troops. The modern army of Mongolia is counting from this event [5] .
On July 22, 1926, regular air traffic began on the Verkhneudinsk - Urga line . The line became the first international airline of the USSR . The aircraft made an intermediate landing for customs inspection in Ust-Kyakhta and Altan-Bulak [6] .
Altanbulag was the city and center of the Selenga aimag until 1940, when the city of Suhe-Bator was founded, where the aimag capital was transferred. Currently, the village has the status of a rural district (somone) center.
Altanbulag Free Trade Zone
In 2002, the Mongolian parliament passed a law creating a free economic zone of 500 hectares in the Altanbulag settlement, including the Mongolia Laws “On the Free Zone” and “On the Legal Status of the Altanbulag Free Trade Zone.” The Parliament approved the borders of the free economic zone the rules governing its activities, master and master plans for the development of the free zone, other documents In accordance with the Order of the Minister of Industry and Trade of Mongolia No. 48 of April 20, 2006, the Administration of the Altaibulag STZ from June 1 In 2006, it began to conclude agreements with interested investors on the provision of land plots and start investing in infrastructure, production, trade and services projects. Construction of dirt roads and lighting in STZ began on April 25, 2008. The administration of STZ Altanbulag concluded investment agreements with with more than 60 companies in Russia, Japan, USA, North Korea in the amount of $ 600 million and leases about 400 hectares of area.
Kyakhta - Altanbulag border crossing
The border crossing “Kyakhta - Altanbulag” at the end point of the Russian federal highway A340 is automobile, cargo-passenger, permanent, multilateral. The largest border crossing on the Russian-Mongolian border, 233 km from the city of Ulan-Ude . On the Mongolian side, a currency exchange office operates on the border crossing territory.
Attractions
- Museum of the Mongolian People's Revolution
Climate
Altanbulag has a sharply continental climate with monsoon features.
| Climate Altanbulag | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Absolute maximum, ° C | −1.6 | 8.3 | 18.8 | 29.3 | 35.0 | 37,2 | 38.5 | 37.1 | 31.5 | 26.6 | 11.8 | 5,4 | 38.5 |
| Average maximum, ° C | −15.8 | −11.5 | −1.5 | 9.0 | 17.0 | 23,4 | 24.8 | 22.6 | 15.9 | 7.2 | −5.1 | −13.7 | 6.3 |
| Average temperature, ° C | −20.7 | −17.2 | −7.8 | 2.1 | 9.8 | 16,4 | 18.7 | 16,4 | 9.2 | 1,0 | −10.3 | −18.1 | 0,0 |
| Average minimum ° C | −26.1 | −23.2 | −14.4 | −4.3 | 2,4 | 9,4 | 12.9 | 10.5 | 3.4 | −4.7 | −15.4 | −23.5 | −5.9 |
| Absolute minimum, ° C | −40.1 | −36.6 | −32 | −24.8 | −12.1 | −4.5 | 1.4 | −2.7 | −9.7 | −22.1 | −34.7 | −40.4 | −40.4 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | four | 3,1 | four | 9.9 | 21.7 | 56.4 | 86.5 | 78,4 | 37.8 | 12,4 | 6 | four | 324,2 |
See also
- The history of Kyakhta trade .
Notes
- ↑ Pospelov E. M. Geographical Names of the World: Toponymic Dictionary: Ok. 5000 units / holes ed. R. A. Ageeva. - M .: Russian dictionaries, 1998 .-- S. 31 .-- 503 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 5-89216-029-7 .
- ↑ “Collection of Legislation of the Republic of Buryatia”, No. 12, 2003
- ↑ Urzhumka, No. 1 (2), 1996
- ↑ A. I. Martos Letters on Eastern Siberia. // Moscow. University printing house. 1827 pp. 267—278
- ↑ Soldier Zhanzhina (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Zaryov Buryat-Mongolian air line is open // Buryat-Mongolian truth. Verkhneudinsk. No. 162 (835) July 23, 1926. page 4