Organic Semiconductors

Organic semiconductors include organic dyes (for example, methylene blue , phthalocyanines ), aromatic compounds ( naphthalene , anthracene , violanthrene , etc.), polymers with conjugated bonds, some natural pigments ( chlorophyll , beta-carotene , etc.), molecular complexes with charge transfer, as well as radical ion salts. Organic semiconductors exist in the form of single crystals , polycrystalline or amorphous powders and films.

There are several features of organic semiconductors that are determined by the molecular nature of their structure and weak intermolecular interaction:

• light absorption causes the excitation of molecules, which can migrate through the crystal in the form of excitons ;
• the formation of current carriers under the influence of light is associated with the decay of excitons on the crystal surface, defects in its structure, impurities, during the interaction of excitons with each other, and also with autoionization of highly excited molecules;
• conduction zones are narrow (~ 0.1 eV), the mobility of current carriers is usually small (~ 1 cm ² / V s);
• along with the zone mechanism of electrical conductivity, a hopping mechanism is implemented. In crystals of ion-radical salts, the intermolecular interaction is strongly anisotropic , which leads to high anisotropy of the optical and electrical properties and allows us to consider this class as quasi-one-dimensional systems.

• As photosensitive materials for CCDs and photocells .
• High resistance to radiation exposure of some organic semiconductors makes it possible to use them in space.
• The creation of transistors and sensors, as well as other semiconductor devices.
• Associated with them is the prospect of creating superconductors with a high critical temperature.
• OLED TVs, OLED monitors, OLED displays, OLED panels.

The study of organic semiconductors is important for understanding the processes of energy conversion and transfer in complex physicochemical systems and especially in biological tissues.

• Tetracene
• Pentacene
• Acridon
• Perinon
• Flavantron
• Indantrone
• Indole
• Alq3

• Polymers
• Semiconductor
• Photocell
• Organic LED

• Goryunova N.A. Organic semiconductors. - M. , 1968.
• Dulov A., Slinkin A. Organic semiconductors. Polymers with conjugated bonds. - M .: Nauka, 1970 .-- 128 p.

• Organic Semiconductors in TSB
• Ya. A. Ugai, V.Z. Anokhin on semiconductors and organic semiconductors in particular (penultimate paragraph)
• A. N. Frumkin, B. E. Davydov on the current state of research on organic semiconductors.