Budennovsk

The city is named after the Soviet military commander Semyon Mikhailovich Budenny . The Budyonnovsk missile boat was named after the city ^[7] .

Former names

• 1799 - according to the Decree of Paul I, the settlement received the status of a city with the “name of the Holy Cross” (in this case, another Armenian name was indicated Karabagly ^[8] ).
• 1921 - December 28, by the decision of the board of the NKVD of the USSR, the city of the Holy Cross was renamed the city of Prikumsk.
• 1935 - by the decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of April 29, the city of Prikumsk was renamed Budennovsk.
• 1957 - November 14, in connection with the release of the decree banning the name of settlements by the names of surviving leaders, the city of Budennovsk was renamed Prikumsk.
• 1973 - By the Decree of the Presidium of the Armed Forces of the RSFSR of November 30, the city of Prikumsk was renamed Budennovsk ^[9] .

The first name of the city "Holy Cross" is the successor from the Russian fortress of the Holy Cross , founded by Peter I in the lower reaches of the Terek in 1722 and inhabited by Cossacks, transferred from the city of Terka "The Second" (laid back in 1588 ). In 1736, the fortress of the Holy Cross was abandoned. The name of the fortress of the Holy Cross, in turn, leads to continuity from the Greek colony of Stavropolis that once existed here (translated as “city of the cross”) ^[10] .

Located on the Kuma River, 220 km southeast of Stavropol . Two railway stations on branches to Mineralnye Vody and Stavropol stations. The nearest international airport is in Mineralnye Vody (125 km on the highway) and in Stavropol Shpakovskoe (airport) (200 km on the highway)

Budennovsk is located in the North Caucasus in a unique transition zone from the steppe to the semi-desert , in a controversial buffer between Europe and Asia . The relief is flat, hilly. The mountains of the Caucasus are not visible from there. In exceptional cases, under special weather conditions, the outlines of the highest point of the Caucasus , Mount Elbrus, appear over the horizon in the form of a mirage .

Climate

The climate is arid, temperate continental. Summer lasts from May to September, winter - from the second decade of December to the end of February — beginning of March.

• The average annual air temperature is 10.8 ° C.
• Relative humidity - 73%.
• The average wind speed is 2.8 m / s. ^[eleven]

In 1795, on the site of the village of Starye Mazhary, left by settlers from the Saratov province, an Armenian trade and craft settlement appeared, which later became known as Karabagly ^[14] .

On October 28, 1799, Russian Emperor Pavel I signed a letter of deed ^[15] , according to which Armenian migrants were allowed to establish the city on preferential terms at the place where the Old Majars with the name of this Holy Cross were. Until the end of the 19th century, the official name was usually accompanied by the Armenian one: Holy Cross (Karabagly) ^[14] .

Since 1826 - a provincial city of the Stavropol province. In 1910, the city received the status of a county.

In 1873 there were: 3 Armenian churches, 1 school, 12 shops, 40 wine cellars, 1 water mill, 471 houses in the provincial town. The number of inhabitants is 3783 (1945 men and 1838 women) ^[16] . However, the settlement took place extremely slowly and reluctantly and for a long time the city was a small village.

The impetus for the development of the city was given the foundation in 1883 by the Orthodox Mamai Majar Resurrection Monastery and a significant influx of Russian and Ukrainian colonists. In 1910, received the status of a county town.

In 1920, the city of the Holy Cross was renamed Prikumsk (according to its location on the Kuma River), and in 1935 it was renamed to Budennovsk (by the name of the Soviet military commander Semyon Mikhailovich Budenny who visited Prikumye in the same year). In 1957, the name Prikumsk was returned to the city, and in 1973 it was again renamed Budennovsk ^[14] .

In the Soviet period, Budennovsk became a large industrial and cultural center of the eastern part of the Stavropol Territory, the chemical industry received special development.

In June 1995, he was attacked by a gang led by Shamil Basayev , which caused widespread public outcry throughout the country.

Together with other cities of the Stavropol Territory, Stavropol , Pyatigorsk , Kislovodsk , Zheleznovodsk and Georgievsky, Budennovsk was included in the list of historical cities of the Russian Federation ^[17] .

As of January 1, 2019, the city was in 263th place out of 1,115 ^[43] cities of the Russian Federation ^{[44] by} population.

Gender composition

According to the 2010 census, 30,918 men (47.84%) and 33,706 women (52.16%) lived ^[45] .

National composition

According to the 2010 census, the following nationalities lived (nationalities less than 1%, see in the footnote to the line “Other”) ^[45] :

Russian Orthodox Church

• Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God ^[47]
• Temple “Resurrection of the Word” ^[47]

Armenian Apostolic Church

• Surb Khach Church (Holy Cross)
• Surb Harutyun Church (Holy Resurrection)

• The main document of local self-government is the charter of the city of Budennovsk ^[48] .

The City Council of Budennovsk (a representative body of local self-government) is elected as a member of 21 deputies for a five-year term.

Chairmen of the Duma:

• from 2006 to March 2007 - Yurchenko Alexander Yuryevich
• from March 2007 to October 2010 - Kozlov Dmitry Vladimirovich
• from October 2010 to September 2015 - Alexander Yurchenko
• from September 2015 to September 2017 - Sergey Vladimirovich Rashevsky
• from December 2017 to the present - Bespalov Gennady Borisovich

Administration of the city of Budennovsk (executive body of local self-government)

Heads of the city administration:

• from July to December 2010 - Shevchenko Valery Vyacheslavovich, and. about. heads of administration ^[49] .
• from December 2010 to September 2015 - Shevchenko Valery Vyacheslavovich, head of administration ^[49]
• from November 25, 2015 to October 31, 2018 - Shevchenko Valery Vyacheslavovich, head of the city (headed the local administration) ^[49]

Heads of the city:

• Yurchenko Alexander Yuryevich - from March 2007 and from October 2010, two terms)
• Shevchenko Valery Vyacheslavovich - from November 25, 2015 to October 31, 2018)
• Manko Vitaliy Vyacheslavovich - from November 28, 2018 to the present (he heads the local administration)

Kindergartens

• General developmental - 12.

• Kindergarten number 13 "Forget-me-not." Opened April 26, 1966 ^[50]

• Compensating (corrective) - 2.
• Combined - 5.

Schools

• Multidisciplinary Lyceum № 8
• Grammar School № 7, № 9
• Secondary school No. 1 with classes of in-depth study of the English language. A book about the school “Cases and days of one school” was published (Stavropol Book Publishing House, Stavropol, 1951) ^[51]
• Secondary school No. 6 with classes of corrective developmental education ("Zarnitsa")
• Secondary school No. 4 with cadet education in primary school ("Zarnitsa"). "History of the Cossacks", equestrian, shooting training ^[52]
• Secondary schools No. 2, 3, 5
• Open (shift) comprehensive school
• Primary school number 10
• Cossack Cadet Corps ^{[53] [54]}

Institutions of Continuing Education

• The House for arts and crafts for children. Opened in 1953 ^[55] . It is located in the building - a monument of architecture and urban planning "Zemsky government" (built December 18, 1911 ^[50]
• Station of young technicians
• Three youth sports schools
• Ecological and Biological Center
• Center for Tourism and Local History
• Orphanage
• Center for Social and Psychological Rehabilitation ^[56]

Vocational training institutions

• Budyonnovsk College of Medicine ^[57] .
• Budyonnovsk Pedagogical College ^[58] .
• Branch of the Stavropol Cooperative College of Economics, Commerce and Law ^[59] .
• Regional Polytechnic College
• Education Center "Progress"
• Vocational school No. 35. 9 departments in the villages of the district.

Higher education institutions

• Branch of the Institute of Friendship of the Peoples of the Caucasus " ^[60] .
• Branch of the Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute

Hospitals

• Budyonnovskaya Central Regional Hospital (established in 1930). Total beds - 580. Doctors - 226. On the territory - a maternity hospital.
• Regional center of specialized types of medical care No. 1 of the city of Budennovsk GUZ ^[61] :

• Department of Outpatient Dialysis Center (founded in 2007). Designed for 6 modern devices, "Artificial kidney", thanks to which the center can serve at least 30 patients ^[62] .
• Ambulance station (founded in 1930). Doctors - 8.

Clinics

• City Polyclinic (founded in 1930). Beds for a day's stay - 20. Doctors - 38.
• Children's Clinic (founded in 1956). Doctors - 23.
• Women's consultation (founded in 1951). Beds for a day's stay - 4. Doctors - 5.
• Dental clinic. Doctors - 13.
• State institution “48 garrison clinic of the city of Budennovsk of the Military Medical Administration of the North Caucasus Military District” ^[63] .

Dispensaries

• TB dispensary (founded in 1979). Beds - 120. Doctors - 11.
• neuropsychiatric dispensary (founded in 1966). Beds - 100. Doctors - 4.
• Dermatovenerologic Dispensary (founded in 1948). Beds - 25. Doctors - 5.
• Drug Dispensary.

Other

• Antiplague department of the “Dagestan antiplague station” ^[64] .

• Experimental breeding station of the Stavropol Research Institute of Agriculture.
• Experimental station of the Novocherkassk Institute of Viticulture.
• Weather station No. 37061, "Budennovsk" (9 km from the city) ^[65] .
• Cotton Institute. Organized in 1930. He had a network of experimental stations and strong points throughout the south of the country. At that time, more than 60 thousand tons of raw cotton was harvested in the region. For 1944, the plan for the collection of cotton around the edge was approved in the amount of 5111 tons ^[66] . In 1954, cotton cultivation in the south was discontinued ^[67] . Probably, the institute was then closed.

• Museum of Local Lore. Opened in 1992. Funds - 4600 copies. Located in the building-monument of architecture and urban planning "Treasury" (built December 18, 1911 ^[50] )
• The city centralized library system (central, children's libraries and 7 branches, 255370 copies of books), was created in 1979. The Central City Library was opened on May 27, 1914 ^[68] (according to other sources - April 16 ^[69] )
• House of Culture. The auditorium - 500 seats. Collectives: folk choir of war and labor veterans, folk Cossack ensemble of Russian songs "Ryabinushka", folk quartet of Russian instruments, folk vocal ensemble "Tuning fork", folk instrumental ensemble "Prikumye", folk theater "Zarya" (formed May 22, 1959 ^{[70 ]} ), the national puppet theater “Little”. 14 clubs and amateur associations, including the literary association “Lana”, the club of bard songs ^[71] , the creative association “XXI Century”, the studio of sports and ballroom dance “Colibri”, an agitation brigade, etc.
• Leisure center "Rainbow" (Gagarin Park). Former cinema "Komsomolets". Hall - 255 seats. Mugs: Fashion Theater, Macrame, Fauna Animal Lovers Club, etc.
• Children's music school. It was created in 1961. The contingent of students is 400 people. Teaching in the specialties: piano, button accordion, accordion, violin, folk string instruments, wind instruments, vocals.
• Children's art school. Created in 1971. The contingent of students is 200 people. Teaching at the departments: easel, decorative, preschool department "Joy". ^[72] .
• other.

• the newspaper "Vestnik Prikumye" (socio-political). Published since March 1920. Founder - FSUE Publishing House Periodicals of Stavropol.
• newspaper “Your newspaper” (Quarter) (announcements, information). Published since October 1998.
• newspaper "City Poster" (ads). Published since 1999.
• the newspaper "Budennovsk - today" (information). Published since 2000. Founders: administration of the city of Budennovsk.
• The newspaper "Holy Cross" (Orthodox). Published since 2001.
• newspaper "Navigator SK" (ads). Published since 2003.
• Budyonnovsk.ORG - Holy Cross News Agency. It has been functioning since July 2011 ^[73] .

Industry

Budennovsk is a large industrial center of the Stavropol Territory. The leading place in the structure of city production is occupied by the chemical (production of low-pressure polyethylene , ethylene , petroleum benzene , propylene , vinyl acetate , foam rubber , polyethylene pipes, etc.), food (the production of dairy products, canned goods, bread, flour, sausages) and the furniture industry . The economic development of the city is most determined by the activities of the following large industrial enterprises ^[74] :

• Chemical industry:
  • “ Stavrolen ” is a city-forming enterprise that forms the economic base of the city and the basis of the chemical industry of the entire region ^{[74] [75]} . Since 1998 it is part of the Lukoil group. According to the Ministry of Industry of the Stavropol Territory, it ranks second in Russia in terms of production of low-pressure polyethylene (after Kazanorgsintez and third in terms of production of polypropylene (after Nizhnekamskneftekhim and Tomskneftekhim ). It is one of the five largest European enterprises specializing in producing similar products ^{[76] [77] [78]} .
  • "Plant of polyethylene pipes." Opened June 2, 1986 ^[50] . It produces polyethylene water and sewer pipes of various diameters. In 2009, the company became a laureate of the exhibition-competition "All-Russian Brand (III millennium). The Quality Mark of the 21st Century ”and according to the results of the examination of the Russian Testing and Certification Center“ Rostest-Moscow ”was awarded the Golden Quality Mark, having received the right to label its products for two years ^[79] .
  • "Amethyst-South" is a plant for the production of polyurethane foam (foam), one of the largest enterprises in the chemical industry of the Stavropol Territory ^{[74] [75]} . In the period from 2006 to 2012, several times became the laureate and winner of the All-Russian contest " 100 best goods of Russia " ^[80] .
• Food Industry:
  • "BudennovskMolProduct" (production of dairy products).
  • “Russian brewing company named after A. G. Arzimanov” (production of beer and soft drinks).
  • DUK is one of the largest meat processing enterprises in the Stavropol Territory. Founded in 2001. The meat-processing plant products (sausages and meat products, semi-finished products) were included in the program “100 Best Goods of Russia” in 2007, and were awarded various prizes at the IFFA international exhibition of meat industry in Frankfurt in 2004, 2007 and 2016 ^{[81] [82]} .
• Furniture industry:
  • “Budennovskaya furniture company” (production of cabinet furniture for various purposes).
  • Meridian (production of spring mattresses).
• Engineering:
  • Budennovsky Machine-Building Plant OJSC (production of power units, spare parts for agricultural machinery; assembly of wagon-houses, buses, and other self-propelled vehicles). It was founded in 1956 .

Housing and communal services

In 2007, the housing and communal complex of the city of Budennovsk consists of 7 enterprises, which employ about 1700 people. The average annual volume of work and services is about 900 million rubles.

Housing stock

The Housing and Maintenance Trust maintains 274 residential buildings with a total area of ​​563 thousand square meters.

Budyonnovsk is divided into areas of the old, mostly one-story, buildings (the historical center of the city) and modern areas of multi-storey buildings - the West district, microdistricts No. 1, 3, 6, 7, 7/1, 8, and the Severny microdistrict.

According to the results of the All-Russian competition in 2007 for the best organization of the housing and utilities sector for efficiency in the new economic conditions, the Housing and Maintenance Trust of Budennovsk was recognized as the best in the region and was awarded a diploma of the Russian Construction Agency.

Beautification

The municipal enterprise “Improvement Plant” is engaged in the improvement, gardening and sanitary cleaning of the city. A general scheme for the cleaning of the city of Budennovsk, a project of an economic feasibility study for the reconstruction of an existing city landfill into a landfill for solid household waste were developed.

• Citywide actions: “Plant a tree”, “Clean house, clean street, clean city”, youth ecological landing on the lake. Svetluha and Lake Buffalo
• Competitions: “House of exemplary content”, “Enterprise of exemplary content”
• Planted trees and shrubs - 4200
• Created and developed dendro nursery ^[83]

Transport and roads

The city is located on the roads P266 ( Svetlograd - Thankful - Budennovsk) and P263 ( Georgievsk - Budennovsk - Kochubei ).

Bus service is available on city routes No. 4, No. 7, No. 8. Minibuses serve routes No. 1, No. 2, No. 4, No. 4a, No. 5, No. 5a, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 13, No. 14 , No. 15, No. 16, No. 17, No. 27. Routes in the microdistrict. Northern (through military unit No. 205) No. 11, No. 11a, No. 11b. From 04/26/13, the fare in the city in fixed-route taxis is 17 rubles, in buses - 15 rubles.

Suburban routes - No. 101 (in the village of Pokoynoye), No. 102 (in the village of Praskoveya), No. 103 (in the village of Orlovka), No. 113 (in the village of Arkhangelskoye and the village of Starodubskoye), No. 121 (in the cottage village) No. 123.

Rail transport is represented by a suburban connection on the route Budyonnovsk - Mineralnye Vody - Budyonnovsk.

There are two railway stations: Budennovsk I and Budennovsk .

Power supply

• Thermal power plant with a capacity of 135 megawatts. Opened in June 2015. The electric power of the combined cycle plant is 135 MW, and the thermal capacity is 40 Gcal / h. The annual electricity output is 1,053 million kWh. ^[84]
• Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Gorelectroset", which is included in the rating of the best enterprises of the housing and communal services of the region and awarded the Diploma of the Ministry of Housing and Public Utilities, Construction and Architecture of the North Caucasus
• Substation 500 kV "Budennovsk" with an installed capacity of 1002 MVA. It was commissioned in 1997. It provides electricity to large industrial consumers in the region, including Budennovsky Machine-Building Plant OJSC, State Unitary Enterprise Prikumskaya Experimental Selection Station ^[85]

Heat supply

Heat supply of the city’s facilities is provided by the Budyonnovsk branch of the state unitary enterprise Kraiteploenergo.

• The number of boiler rooms is 21.
• The number of central heating points is 5.
• The length of the heating networks is 36 km.

Water supply

Provides Budennovsky "Gorvodokanal."

• Drinking water was supplied to consumers - about 3 million cubic meters. m
• Technical water was discharged - 77 thousand cubic meters. m
• The length of the water transportation and distribution lines is 215 km.
• The length of sewer networks is 100 km.

Gas supply

Public services are provided by Budennovskgazprombytservice OJSC.

• The number of subscribers is 22 thousand (of which 9 thousand are beneficiaries)
• Natural gas was supplied to consumers - more than 150 million cubic meters. m

Banks and branches

• Sberbank
• Russian Agricultural Bank
• VTB 24
• Commercial Bank Prikumye ^[86]
• Stavropolpromstroybank
• Moscow Industrial Bank
• Russian standard
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Stavropol Territory ^[87]

Hotels

• Michelle ^[88]
• Nevsky ^[89]
• Prikumsk
• Old city
• Fortune ^[90]
• Chemist

Military personnel of the assault, helicopter regiment and a separate communications battalion live in the Severny microdistrict of the city. In 1997, the motorized rifle brigade of military unit 74814, the 205th separate motorized rifle Cossack brigade , was withdrawn from Chechnya. It is quartered along the 850th anniversary of Moscow in the neighborhood of the Severny microdistrict. To the northwest of Budennovsk is the military airfield " Budennovsk ". Also in the territory of the 205th brigade since the summer of 2014 it has been located in military unit 11384 (previously it was located in the city of Prokhladny).

Two residents of Budennovsk, N. E. Ballo and V. N. Polyuschenko, were awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor ^[91] .

In the period from 1981 to 2011, 39 citizens ^[92] were awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the City of Budennovsk” ^[93] . Among them are Yu. M. Luzhkov (“for his great personal contribution to the restoration and construction of the city’s health facilities destroyed as a result of the terrorist act in June 1995”), G. V. Movsesyan (“for his great personal contribution to the development of art and creation songs “ Budennovtsy will not fail anywhere ” ”), V. S. Chernomyrdin and others ^[92] .

• Ancient settlement "Majara". 13-14 centuries ^[94]
• The house in which the district committee of the RCP (b) was located in 1917-1918. 1897 ^[95]
• Grave of I. A. Kochubey, a hero of the civil war. 1920 ^[96]
• Mass grave of red partisans who died for the power of the Soviets. 1918, 1925 ^[97]
• The obelisk at the site of the execution of the hero of the Civil War, I. A. Kochubey (1893-1919). 1940, 1957 ^[98]
• The grave of the station chief Shlorev and station duty officer Krokhotov, who died in battles with the Nazis. 1942, 1952 ^[99]
• Mass grave of civilians tortured in the dungeons of the Gestapo. 1942-1943, 1952 ^[100]
• Mass grave to the soldiers of the Soviet army and the workers of the ginnery who died during the bombing by Nazi aircraft. 1945 ^[101]
• Monument to V.I. Lenin. 1946 ^[102]
• Monument to V.I. Lenin. 1946 ^[103]
• Sculpture of the hero of the civil war, I. A. Kochubey. 1957 ^[104]
• Monument to Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. 1967 ^[105]
• Monument to A.S. Pushkin. 1961 ^[106]
• Bust of S. M. Budyonny. 1977 ^[107]
• The obelisk in the courtyard of school number 19 ^[108]

• Cemeteries No. 1 (public closed), No. 2 and No. 4 (public open). Общая площадь участков (вместе с кладбищем № 3 посёлка Доброжеланный ) составляет 1,03 км² ^[109] .

• Футбольная команда «Дружба». Чемпион Ставропольского края по футболу 1994 года ^[110]
• Футбольная команда «Жемчужина» . Чемпион Ставропольского края по футболу 2000 года ^[110]
• Регулярно проводится чемпионат Ставропольского края по автокроссу, посвящённый памяти майора В. Е. Едаменко
• Алексей Дронов — чемпион России по боксу среди юношей 2012 года ^[111] , чемпион летних юношеских Олимпийских игр 2018 ^[112] .

•   1992 — Кизляр ( Россия , Дагестан ). ^[113]
•   1996 — Маршалтаун (штат Айова , США ). ^[114]
•   Георгиевск ( Россия , Ставропольский край ) ^[115] .
•   2002 — Тверь ( Россия ) ^[116] .
•   2002 — сербский анклав Косовска-Митровица , Косово ^{[117] [118]}

• В I веке здешние места посетил Апостол Андрей Первозванный с проповедью христианства.
• В 1319 году над телом невинноубиенного князя Михаила Тверского (святого), которое одну ночь находилось в городе, всю ночь стоял огненный столб от земли до неба (по мотивам легенды установлены побратимские отношения Будённовска с Тверью ).
• В 1380 году из Маджара Мамай отправился в свой знаменитый поход на Русь, который окончился его поражением.
• В XIV веке в озере Буйвола затонула повозка, перевозившая золото («золотая карета»).
• Запустение древнего Маджара связывается с нашествием пауков- тарантулов (легенда записана французом Шарлем Годе в 1828 году ).
• В начале XIX века шедшие мимо храма Св. Георгия по дороге на Астрахань чумаки (торговцы), смеха ради привязали к верёвке церковного колокола за хвост бродячую собаку, которая метаясь, подняла трезвон . После чего возникло предсказание о будущем поругании святыни. Храм был снесён в 1935 году при Советской власти, на его месте открыт ресторан «Кавказ», который затем стал культовым зданием «Свидетелей Иеговы» ^[119] .
• В начале XX века от большевиков были спрятаны сокровища монастыря в одном из его подзёмелий ^[120] .
• С разрушенным большевиками храмом во имя Христа Спасителя, на месте которой разбит сквер «Улыбка» и фонтан, связана следующая легенда: «В ясную погоду, если заглянуть в фонтан, когда там есть вода, то можно увидеть отражение Ангела. И он даже может улыбнуться людям, которые помнят о Храме Божьем, стоявшем на этом месте (…) Но открывается сей Лик светлый лишь только детям, которым ещё нечего забывать, или очень добрым и верующим людям…» ^[121]
• Грязи местных озёр приписывается целебная сила, за что, якобы, Будённовск даже хотели сделать курортом.
• В 1995 году во время нападения чеченских террористов на город было чудесное явление Божьей Матери, молящейся у Креста Господня (по мотивам видения написана икона для местного храма ^[122] ).

• Вода озера Буйвола, находящегося в черте города, регулярно загрязняется нефтепродуктами и фенолами, превышены нормы содержания тяжёлых металлов. Наблюдаются массовые вспышки популяции водорослей, чьи колонии покрывают мелководье сплошными зарослями, делая побережья фактически непригодными для купания. В последние годы, в связи с заинтересованностью компании « Лукойл » в химической очистке озера для забора воды в промышленных целях в краевой бюджет до 2011 года планируется заложить 3 млн рублей на подготовку проектно-сметной документации для определения суммы необходимых затрат ^[123] .
• Земля, где находится памятник истории и культуры федерального значения «Городище Маджары» в настоящее время принадлежит не государству, а местному сельхозпредприятию: частично является пашней, а частично пустует. При этом скрытые неглубоко артефакты подвергаются расхищению мародёрами, что вызывает серьёзные опасения за судьбу ценного археологического объекта ^[124] .

• Теракт в Будённовске