Khvalevskoe

The history of the estate in its own way is unique and at the same time similar to the history of most Russian noble estates.

In the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, it was the main house of representatives of the related ancient Russian noble families - the Kachalovs and the Dolgovo-Saburovs . The fate of the two governors of the Arkhangelsk province - the father and son of the Kachalovs , the famous Soviet scientist academician Kachalov , the grandmother of the poet A. Blok Ariadna Alexandrovna and many other prominent people of Russia, is associated with the estate.

The construction of the house was carried out on the territory of the old estate. The old wooden manor house was allegedly located on the site of the current school. Subsequently, the part of the village located around the estate became known as Khvalevskaya (part of the village of Borisovo-Sudskoye), the school located in the estate was also called.

In the first years after the 1917 revolution , the building housed the local organs of Soviet power. In 1919, the first secondary school in the district, Borisov Secondary School, opened in the estate (the old name is Khvalevskaya School). During the Great Patriotic War, the front-line military hospital was located in the estate. In 1970, in front of the estate, an obelisk was erected in memory of those who died in World War II. After the war, a secondary school and a boarding school continued to work in the estate. After the school moved to the new building in 1977 , the building was used less. In the 1990s, due to the reduction in the number of students, the manor building ceased to be in operation, and the manor began to rapidly deteriorate and collapse. In 2009, the manor house returned to the bosom of the Kachalov family.

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kachalov ( 1818–1891 ), secret adviser, governor of Arkhangelsk in 1869–1870, director of the Customs of the Russian Empire, close associate of Tsar Alexander III , directly planned and built the Khvalevskoye estate. In 1855 - 1863, N. A. Kachalov was the leader of the nobility of Belozersky district, and the Khvalevskoye estate received both the local nobility of that time and guests from the capital and other parts of Russia. For services, being the leader of the nobility, N.A. Kachalov was awarded the first title of Honorary Citizen of Belozersk.

N.A. Kachalov was married to Alexandra Pavlovna Dolgova-Saburova , the daughter of Pavel Yakovlevich, a retired colonel and local landowner, and, like his son-in-law, the leader of the nobility of Belozersky district, who transferred the villages and lands of the Khvalevskoye estate as a dowry.

According to legend, the Saburovs , like the Godunovs , come from a Tatar murza named Chet, who was baptized in 1330 and, taking the name Zakharia, was the founder of the famous Holy Ipatiev Monastery in Kostroma , the “cradle” of the Romanov dynasty . Other sources mention the Boyars Saburovs , who under Ivan the Terrible were Vologda governors .

Nikolai Alexandrovich and Alexandra Pavlovna had 15 children, but only 12 survived to adulthood. Subsequently, many descendants of the Kachalovs on the male side died in the Civil War, during the years of repression and did not survive the blockade of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War:

• son Vladimir (1864-1941 or 1942) - chamberlain of the Supreme Court; the builder of the Main Massandra wine cellars and the Livadia Palace , managing the royal estates in the Crimea (including the Massandra Palace and the Livadia Palace). He died during the siege of Leningrad;
• son Pavel (1851-1897) - senior officer of the Tsarevna imperial yacht;
• son Nikolai (1852-1909) - Director of the Electrotechnical Institute, Governor of Arkhangelsk (1905-1907);
  • grandson Nikolai (1883-1961) - corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, laureate of the State Prize, was one of the creators of the domestic optical glass, a street in Petersburg was named after him;
  • grandson Leo (1888-1975) - a college assessor of the Ministry of the Interior, after the revolution he lived in Riga and worked as chief accountant at the Riga Porcelain Factory ( former Kuznetsov Porcelain Factory ). His childhood passed on the Khvalevskoye estate, and the family of his granddaughter Vera Voitsekhovskaya-Kachalova bought from the state and restored the Khvalevskoye estate;
• daughter of Alexander (1856-1927) ^[1] ; married to Peter Lvovich Blok (1854-1916), the uncle of the famous poet Alexander Blok .

In the cemetery, next to the recently restored Church of the Intercession , three of the fifteen (!) Children of Nikolai Alexandrovich and Alexandra Pavlovna (daughter Nadezhda, babies Evgenia and Alexander), as well as Alexandra Pavlovna's parents ( Dolgovo-Saburovs ) are buried . The couple themselves are buried in the Smolensk cemetery in St. Petersburg . Their descendants live in St. Petersburg , Moscow , Riga , London , Paris , USA .

The total territory of the Khvalevskoye estate was 40 hectares, which included a manor park, a fruit orchard at the school and the bank of the Suda River until its tributary of the Chuzhboyka flows into it. It is curious that the eastern border of the park runs along the banks of the Suda River, the southern border along the banks of the Lower Chuzhboyka River, and the western one along the meridian of 36 degrees east longitude.

Previously, the main road to the estate passed through the park. Now this road has become the main entrance for visitors to the park. It is likely that summer concerts were held in the manor park earlier and now, continuing the tradition, the village day and other holidays are regularly celebrated there.

The park, located on the high bank of the Court (more than 30 meters above the river), was formed during the second half of the XIX century . At one time, the owners of the Kachalovs estate planted the park with valuable tree species. At the heart of the park is a coniferous forest of natural origin. The age of oak and larch is more than 170 years, height - more than 25 meters. A basket of linden, spruce and a number of other trees were planted even before the revolution and their age was determined 150 years or more. Rocks rarely found in the Russian North in their natural form grow in the park.

The upper part of the manor park - the land directly adjacent to the manor house - is a landscaped park in a regular style. The old oak, two linden "baskets", spruce, planted by the owners of the estate in the 19th century have survived. A few years ago, Berlin poplar died, possibly brought by N.N. Kachalov, who served as a military atache in Germany before the revolution. The area around the estate, including the Suda shore and the recently restored school orchard, is a unique and miraculously preserved monument to the layout of the estate of the Russian North. From the wide platform from the side of the river, a beautiful view of the river opens and you can go down to the spring and to the Court. Several pre-revolutionary photographs of the appearance of the estate and, to a lesser extent, of the interiors have been preserved. In the process of restoration of the estate from old photographs, a stall with a circle, steps and benches was recreated.

The ancient park is a specially protected natural area. In 2015, Borisov-Sudsky Park, along with the historical territory of the Khvalevskoye estate, was included in the list of cultural heritage sites of Russia. In 2016, on the 390th anniversary of the village, a new gate was installed at the entrance to the park with brief information about the park and its borders.

In July 2013, N. A. Kachalov’s book of memoirs, Notes of the Privy Counselor, excerpts were published in issue 95 of Our Heritage magazine (October 2010) ^[2] . The unique historical document “Notes of Kachalov”, discovered in the archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2007, was published in the publishing house “New Chronograph”. The more than 900-page volume contains memories of the construction of the Khvalevskoye manor house, many illustrations and a number of interesting applications and articles. In 2016, the 2nd edition was released and in 2018, on the 200th anniversary of the author of the notes, the 3rd edition, amended and supplemented.

In June 2006, the descendants of the Kachalovs, the Tutolmins and Golovkins from St. Petersburg, were invited to the village to celebrate the 380th anniversary of Borisov-Sudsky (which coincided with the 150th anniversary of the estate). During this visit, the idea of ​​restoring a historic estate was first discussed. A year later, on June 12, 2007, the estate was visited by representatives of three families of descendants: the families of the Wojciechowski-Kachalovs, the Riga branch of the Kachalovs and Tutolmins. After this visit, which coincided with the discovery of the memoirs of the builder of the estate, the family decided to restore the family home.

In August 2009, an auction was held in which the estate and the surrounding area were acquired by the family of direct descendants of the estate builder N. A. Kachalov. In the same year, restoration work began at the estate of Hvalevskoye and the nearby Church of the Intercession on Lower Chuzhboyka ^[3] with the funds of the family of the great-great-granddaughter of the estate builder Vera Wojciechowska-Kachalova with the support and participation of local residents. The temple was re-consecrated on the feast day of the Intercession in October 2010 ^[4] . In the summer of 2015, the wooden belfry was built on the site of the destroyed bell tower, and in the summer of 2018, the restored chapel in the center of the village was again consecrated.

The estate is a unique monument of the Russian northern estate. The estate has preserved its historical layout, preserved and preserved old doors, floors of the second floor, stucco molding, window sills, restored the historical shape of the window frames and recreated most of the historic stoves. Separate furnishings returned to the estate by local residents were also newly acquired and restored. In the process of restoration work, the roof was replaced, later partitions and annexes were demolished, cracks in the walls were repaired, foundation was strengthened, damaged sections were plastered and all walls were painted, heating and all communications were made, new internal and external stairs were built, the floors of the first floor and a small part of the ceilings, the halls of enfilades and others were restored.

At the beginning of 2013, the Russia 1 channel broadcast a report on the revival of the estate , and in May 2013, a documentary film about Borisovo-Sudsky was broadcast on the Culture channel.

The consecration of the house and the informal opening of the estate took place on July 7, 2013, at the end of the main construction and restoration works. A video report and an article on the consecration of the main manor house can be seen on the BBC Russia channel. The formal opening of the estate took place in June 2014, on the 160th anniversary of laying the first stone. The opening ceremony was visited by the Governor of the Vologda Oblast and delivered a welcoming speech (for details, see the estate website).

At the end of the restoration work, the estate again became a residential building, where several descendants of the estate builder and their friends come together several times a year. The estate gradually begins to play the role of the cultural and historical center of the region. The main hall is used several times a year for charity chamber concerts, awards and meetings. Enfilade rooms, a museum room and a home chapel are open to visitors on open days. Since 2013, during the school year, part of the ground floor premises are used for classes in the children's art school. Since 2014, a museum room has been operating in another room with an exposition telling about the Kachalov family. Over time, it is also planned to start Sunday School classes. The house also has a unique vaulted basement. On the second floor of the estate there are master and guest bedrooms, as well as a gradually forming exposition of the museum of peasant life, which is temporarily located in the lower attic.

In 2015, the Department of Culture and Protection of Cultural Heritage Sites of the Vologda Oblast on the basis of a historical and cultural examination confirmed the classification of the main building of the estate and the former manor park as identified cultural heritage sites of the Russian Federation. All identified objects are subject to state protection. In July 2015, the grand opening of the memorial tablet with the participation of the head of the Babayevsky district took place. - http://babaevo-gazeta.ru/news/2014-01-27/2556/

The owners of the estate were awarded the National Prize "Cultural Heritage" (April 2014), as well as the Appreciation of the Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation (2015) and Diploma of the Governor of the Vologda Oblast (2014). - http://www.babaevo-adm.ru/?p=4711

At the beginning of 2015, on the eve of the Epiphany, the estate was visited by Bishop Cherepovets and Belozersky Flavian (more on the site). Vladyka’s second visit took place in the summer of 2016, when the Liturgy was served in the Intercession Church.

In the spring of 2015, the Khvalevskoye Manor charity foundation developed a concept for the development of the territory around the estate and the center of the village of Borisovo-Sudskoye. In the summer of 2015, an All-Russian competition was held among young architects and the finalists were invited to the estate for several weeks to study the village and communicate with local residents. As a result of this work, a master plan for the development of the village was developed. The leadership of the district and the rural settlement, as well as the villagers, took an active part in this work. The final plan was presented to the Governor in the fall of 2015. Among the steps taken (in chronological order), the banks of the Lower Chuzhboyka were cleaned up (in 2016-2017), the pedestrian bridge across the Chuzhboyka was restored, the Tikhvin chapel was restored and the area around the club was landscaped, a stop was arranged at the school and an entrance to the school park and Victory Park, renovated club facade. Among further priority steps, it is planned to equip the entrance group and the facade of the school and equip Victory Park.

The estate can be visited on open days and on excursions according to preliminary applications (for more details, see the estate website).

In addition to concerts, performances and public holidays celebrated at the estate, outstanding cultural figures and public figures regularly visit the estate, important work is being done to revive the village and preserve its heritage, including:

- a visit to the estate by the Governor of the Vologda Region Oleg Kuvshinnikov (June 2014)

- visits to the estate by Bishop Cherepovetsky and Belozersky Flavian (January 2015 and August 2016)

- visits to the estate by the abbots of the Spaso-Prilutsky and Kirillo-Belozersky monasteries (summer 2013 and 2014)

- consecration of the source of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker (June 2014)

- consecration of the belfry at the Church of the Intercession on Lower Chuzhboyka (June 2015)

- освящение восстановленной Тихвинской часовни в центре села (июль 2018)

- концерт классической музыки на открытой сцене в рамках фестиваля «Музыкальная Экспедиция» (июль 2017, август 2018, июнь 2019) - https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZP0ysXaAeM

- благотворительный концерт в рамках Вологодского музыкального фестиваля «Кружева»: Борис Андрианов (виолончель), Никита Борисоглебский (скрипка), Андрей Диев (фортепиано), сентябрь 2014

- проведение архитектурного конкурса «Мастерская усадьба Хвалевское» - Разработка концепции развития общественных зон села (июль 2015)

- проведение фольклорного фестиваля «Народный Травник» (последние выходные июля 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 и 2019 годов)

- включение усадьбы и прилегающего старинного парка в реестр памятников истории и культуры. Открытие мемориальной доски (5 июля 2015 года)

- включение 170-летнего дуба посаженного строителями усадьбы в реестр памятников природы федерального значения (июль 2019)

- чистка парка от сухостоя и поваленных деревьев (лето 2015 года; работы организованы Департаментом лесного комплекса и Бабаевским лесничеством)

- посадка нового школьного фруктового сада на месте бывшего усадебного сада (май 2016)

- открытие колоннады и школьной остановки (июль 2019)

- благотворительные концерты — семья артистов Захаровых (июнь 2014 и июнь 2015)

- благотворительный концерт — ансамбль старинной музыки «Новая Голландия» (июнь 2016)

- проведение международного симпозиума посвященного проблемам Русского Севера (апрель 2015 и май 2016) - http://vologda-oblast.ru/novosti/na_simpozium_v_babaevskiy_rayon_sedutsya_mirovye_eksperty_v_oblasti_kultury_i_etnografii/

— посещение усадьбы бывшим губернатором Вологодской области, депутатом Государственной Думы Вячеславом Позгалевым и главой Бабаевского района (август 2013) — http://www.pozgalev.ru/news/1423.html

— посещение усадьбы и встреча учеников художественной школы с выдающимся русским художником, академиком Иваном Глазуновым (январь 2014) — http://ivanglazunov.ru ; http://babaevo-gazeta.ru/news/2014-01-27/2557/

— посещение усадьбы и встреча учеников Борисовской средней школы с Николаем Случевским , праправнуком русского реформатора П. А. Столыпина

— выступление ансамблей Русской народной песни из Петербурга (2007 год, Покров 2012 года, лето 2014 и 2015 годов)

— освящение иордани в источнике Николая Чудотворца на берегу Суды на Праздник Крещения (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 и 2019 годы)

— спортивный праздник, вручение наград и поднятие флага Российской Федерации в день открытия олимпийских игр - http://babaevo-gazeta.ru/news/2014-02-03/2564/ http://babaevo-gazeta.ru/news/2014-02-10/2577/

— Дни открытых дверей (несколько раз в год начиная с 2013 года), благотворительные домашние спектакли и концерты в Дни открытых дверей (28 июня 2014, 27-28 июня 2015, июнь 2016, июнь 2017 годов)

- публикация книги об истории села Юрия Епифанова (2017), книги воспоминаний учеников первой школы (2018), альбома рисунков учеников художественной школы (май 2019) и очерков об истории Судского края Николая Малинина (июнь 2019)

- поэтический костёр на берегу Суды (июль 2017, 2018 и 2019 годов)

- награждения, прием гостей района, торжества, встречи и многое другое.

• Официальный сайт — www.hvalevskoe.com
• Журнал «Наше Наследие», 2010, номер 96 — Храм Покрова на Нижней Чужбойке. ^[5]
• Журнал «Наше Наследие», 2010, номер 95 — Записки Качалова. Наше Хвалевское. ^[6]
• Отец и сын Качаловы
• Дворянские усадьбы Вологодчины — усадьба Качаловых
• Военный госпиталь
• ЦГАКФФД: Фотографии усадьбы Хвалевское и семьи Качаловых
• Село былинное — Сайт Министерства Культуры РФ, сентябрь 2012 г
• Правнук Столыпина посетил Хвалевское
• Рождественские встречи — к 100-летию со дня рождения Николая Качалова
• Туризм в Вологде — Усадьба Хвалевское
• Добро пожаловать в Вологодскую область
• Репортаж о Борисово-Судском на канале Россия 1
• Фильм о Борисово-Судском, Канал Культура
• Репортаж на канале Би-Би-Си Русская Служба
• Статья и полный сюжет BBC
• Выставка в квартире-музее Александра Блока — http://www.regnum.ru/news/cultura/1691613.html
• Сохранение исторического наследия — http://newsvo.ru/blogovo/5411/
• Молчаливый патриотизм — http://vologda.rusplt.ru/index/Nasledniki_Kachalova_vosstanovili_familnuiu_usadbu.html
• Restoration of Hvalevskoe estate (статья на английском языке)