Rocket 3M25 Meteorite - Soviet strategic cruise missile . Intended to defeat strategic targets. The development of the rocket was carried out by the NGO engineering . The missile was created in three versions: ship ("Meteorite-M"), which was equipped with one converted Project 667M submarine with 12 launchers, aviation ("Meteorite-A") for arming Tu-95 aircraft, missile for ground launchers (" Meteorite-N ").
| 3M25 Meteorite | |
|---|---|
| Meteorite-A (X-80), 3M25A, AS-X-19 Koala Meteorite-M (P-750 Thunder), 3M25M ?, SS-N-24 Scorpion Meteorite-N, 3M25N, SSC-5 Scorpion | |
 model of the Meteorite rocket at MAKS-2009 | |
| Type of | universal strategic cruise missile |
| Status | not adopted |
| Developer |  NGO Engineering |
| Chief Designer | Chelomei V.N. |
| Years of development | 1977-1989 [1] |
| Test start | May 20, 1980 |
| Adoption | not accepted |
| Manufacturer | |
| Key Specifications | |
Maximum range - 5500 km Maximum speed - 3 M Flight altitude - 22-24 km Main engine - turbojet KR-23 [2] | |
| ↓ All specifications | |
It has been developed since the late 1970s. In 1984, work on the aviation option was discontinued. The marine version of the rocket was developed until 1989. According to the ground-based version, almost the entire scope of tests necessary for adoption and mass production was performed, however, due to the prevailing foreign policy and economic conditions of the early 1990s, the missile system was not put into service. During the development of the complex, a number of unique systems were created, one of which was awarded the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation [3] .
Content
Design
The main layout of the rocket was made in the project complex by Alexander Georgievich Leonov, who later became the general director of OAO VPK NPO Mashinostroyeniya [4] .
As an acceleration stage engine, the RD0242 liquid propellant rocket engine developed by KBHA was used [5] . The management system was developed by the NGO Hartron , Kharkov, the head of V. G. Sergeev . The chief designer of the control system is V. A. Uralov .
The missile was located on the converted nuclear submarines of project 667A and Tu-95 MS and Tu-95MA carrier aircraft [6] .
The results of flight design and state tests (61 launches) showed the possibility of achieving the desired high flight technical characteristics of the rocket, and six of the seven subsequent additional experimental launches in 1990-1991 confirmed the basic flight characteristics of the unified Meteorite rocket [7 ] .
The Meteorite cruise missile was demonstrated in 2007 at the MAKS-2007 air show [8] .
Performance Specifications
- Maximum range: 5500 km
- Maximum speed: 3 M
- Length: 12.8 m
- Diameter: 0.9m
- Weight: 6380 kg
- Fuel - Decilin [9]
- Warhead weight: 1000 kg
- Guidance Type: ANN + ARL
- Carrier PU = Aircraft, ships, submarines, ground launchers
Modifications
Meteorite-A
Aviation version of the meteorite rocket. Western designation AS-X-19 . Estimated index - X-80. The development was carried out by decree of the Council of Ministers of December 9, 1976 on a competitive basis in conjunction with the “Rainbow” missile X-55 . As a carrier, strategically planned Tu-95 and Tu-160 bombers . In connection with the adoption of the aircraft-based cruise missile X-55, all work on the Meteorite-A was discontinued in 1984.
Meteorite-M
Marine version of the rocket (designation P-750 ). Western designation SS-N-24 Scorpion . Intended for armament of submarines of project 949M. The K-420 Project 667A Navaga boat was converted into a Meteorite missile system. The project received the designation 667M Andromeda .
Meteorite-N
Ground option. Western designation SSC-5.
Notes
- ↑ Bodrikhin, 2014 : “Meanwhile, funding for the program has become sporadic. This circumstance, as well as the need to build specialized carriers, led to the fact that, at the joint decision of industry and the Navy, funding for the Meteorite-M complex was completely stopped at the end of 1989. "
- ↑ Kardashev .
- ↑ Litovkin, Ramm .
- ↑ Bodrikhin, 2014 : “The basic layout of the Meteorite rocket was carried out in the design complex by Alexander Georgievich Leonov.”
- ↑ "Chemical Engineering Design Bureau" - Scientific and technical complex
- ↑ Bodrikhin, 2014 : “KR Meteorite was deployed on converted Project 667A nuclear submarines and Tu-95 MS carrier aircraft, designated 667M and Tu-95MA.”
- ↑ Bodrikhin, 2014 : "The results of flight design and state tests (61 launches) showed the possibility of achieving the desired high performance characteristics of the rocket."
- ↑ Afanasyev I. B. “The phenomenon of the Meteorite . ”
- ↑ Ramm, Litovkin, 2017 : “Bicilin (fuel obtained from vacuum gas oil using hydrogenation processes. - Izvestia) was precisely developed by our order for Meteorite. This liquid fuel has a very high density, which makes it possible to make a tank of a smaller volume. "
Literature
- Kardashev M. Flight of the man-made "Meteorite" . Independent Military Review . Independent Newspaper (April 12, 2013). Date of treatment April 14, 2013. Archived on April 20, 2013.
- Efremov G. , Kiselev A. et al. Bright trace of the winged Meteorite . - Bedretdinov i Ko, 2012 .-- 248 p. - ISBN 978-5-901668-36-8 .
- Bodrikhin N.G. A bright trace of a winged meteorite // Chelomei. - M .: Young Guard, 2014 .-- 490 p. - (The life of wonderful people). - ISBN 978-5-235-03718-2 .
- Alexey Ramm, Dmitry Litovkin. Herbert Efremov: no hypersonic apparatus has been created in the USA // Izvestia : Newspaper. - 2017 .-- January 11.
- Litovkin D., Ramm A. Russia declassified the "invisibility cloak" from plasma for cruise missiles . The plasma gun that provides the invisibility of the Meteorite rocket will become a training tool for future designers . The newspaper " Izvestia " (December 19, 2016) . Date of treatment December 19, 2016. Archived on October 14, 2018.