Mikhail Vladimirovich Volkenstein ( October 10 (23), 1912 , St. Petersburg - February 18, 1992 , Moscow ) - Soviet physicist and biophysicist , corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences .
| Mikhail Vladimirovich Volkenstein | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Date of Birth | October 10 (23), 1912 | ||
| Place of Birth | Saint Petersburg Russian empire | ||
| Date of death | February 18, 1992 (aged 79) | ||
| Place of death | Moscow Russian Federation | ||
| A country | |||
| Scientific field | biophysics | ||
| Place of work | |||
| Alma mater | Moscow State University | ||
| Academic degree | |||
| Famous students | T. M. Birshtein M. D. Frank-Kamenetsky | ||
| Awards and prizes |
| ||
Content
Biography
Born on October 10 (23), 1912 in St. Petersburg in an intelligent Jewish family. His father is a famous poet, playwright, theater critic and screenwriter Vladimir Mikhailovich Volkenstein . Mother - Maria Mikhailovna Volkenstein (1883-1961), piano teacher at the Gnesins Institute .
He graduated from the Physics Department of Moscow State University (1935).
He headed the laboratory of biopolymer physics at the Institute of Molecular Biology of the USSR Academy of Sciences , headed the department at the Institute of Biophysics of the USSR Academy of Sciences , and was a professor at the Department of Living System Physics of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology . Specialist in the field of molecular spectroscopy, physics of macromolecules, molecular biophysics. Head of the All-Moscow theoretical seminar on biophysics (1967-1991). He was elected a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences on July 1, 1966 [1] .
In the 1950s, he laid the foundations for the application of statistical physics methods to the science of polymers . He developed conformational statistics of polymer chains, which for the first time led to a quantitative theory of polymer coil sizes and flexibility characteristics of polymer chains. The author of the theory of intensities in vibrational spectra of molecules; developed statistical physics of macromolecules based on the so-called rotational-isomeric theory; conducted theoretical and experimental studies of the structure and properties of molecules, polymers and biopolymers .
Since the early 1960s, he has been engaged in research in the field of molecular biology and biophysics . Here he made a significant contribution to the physics of catalysis by proteins - enzymes and in fact became one of the founders of bioinformatics .
He founded scientific schools in the field of macromolecule physics and biological physics.
In 1955 he signed the " Letter of Three Hundred ."
In 1960-1970, together with A. I. Kitaygorodsky, he made a “theoretical justification” of the criteria of pseudoscience , which was later criticized by V. I. Kuznetsov [2] . In 1975, he published A Treatise on Pseudoscience [3] .
He was buried at the Troekurovsky cemetery [4] .
Family
- The first wife is the poetess Nadezhda Davydovna Volpin .
- The second wife is Stella Iosifovna Alenikova (1916-1992), a Spanish translator.
- Son - Vladimir Alenikov (born 1948), film director [5] .
- Daughter - Maria Mikhailovna Volkenshtein (born 1953), biophysicist, sociologist, head of the Validata company [6] . Her son Mikhail Fishman is an international journalist [7] .
Compositions
- Oscillations of molecules. T. 1‒2, - M.‒L., 1949 (jointly with M.A. Elyashevich and B.I. Stepanov ).
- Molecular optics. - M.‒L., 1951.
- The structure and physical properties of molecules. - M.‒L., 1955.
- Configuration statistics of polymer chains. - M.‒L., 1958.
- Molecules and life. Introduction to molecular biophysics . - M. ‒ L .: Nauka, 1965.
- The physics of enzymes. - M .: 1967.
- Molecular biophysics. - M .: Nauka, 1974.
- Biophysics of complex systems. - M.: Science, 1979.
- Theoretical Biophysics. - M.: Science, 1983.
- Entropy and information. - M.: Science, 1986.
- Biophysics. - 2nd ed. - M.: Science, 1988.
Prizes and Achievements
- Stalin Prize of the second degree ( 1950 , jointly with M. A. Elyashevich and B. I. Stepanov ) for the two-volume monograph “Oscillations of Molecules" (1949)
Notes
- ↑ Profile of Mikhail Vladimirovich Volkenstein on the official website of the RAS
- ↑ Kuznetsov V. I. “ From the historical experience of science ” // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences , vol. 73, No. 9 p. 812-821 (2003)
- ↑ A Treatise on Pseudoscience // Chemistry and Life, No. 10, 1975
- ↑ Tomb of M.V. Volkenstein
- ↑ Four hypostases of Vladimir Alenikov
- ↑ Friendly boutique
- ↑ Wolfenstein family
Links
- Family photo album Volkenstein
- Kuznetsov V. I. “ From the historical experience of science ” // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences , vol. 73, No. 9 p. 812-821 (2003)
- Volkenshtein Mikhail Vladimirovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- Biographical information on the site "Annals of Moscow University"
- Weinstein B.K. , Lifshits I.M. , Migdal A. B. , Ptitsyn O.B., Chernavsky D.S. Mikhail Mikhailovich Volkenstein. On the occasion of his seventieth birthday. // Physics-Uspekhi, vol. 138, no. 2, October 1982, p. 348-350
- B.Z. Volchek, Yu. Ya. Gotlib Classic and Romantic // Newspaper Troitsky Variant, No. 125, p. 7, The Bookshelf, March 26, 2013
- Mikhail Vladimirovich Volkenstein. Memoirs of colleagues and students. To the 100th anniversary of his birth. // M., 2012. Compilers and editors. n., prof. T. M. Birshtein and Ph.D. n N. A. Sharonova. (The collection was published for the All-Russian Conference "Actual Problems of the Physics of Polymers and Biopolymers" dedicated to the centenary of the birth of MV Volkenshtein and A. A. Tager. The conference was held on October 15-17, 2012 in Moscow at the INEOS RAS)