Parfyonov, Peter Semenovich

Pyotr Parfyonov was born into a peasant family, in childhood he was a swineherder, a farm laborer , in 1909-1910 - a coachman, janitor, baker in Zlatoust - 1909-1910; then a mason in Ufa at the Asha-Balashovsky Metallurgical Plant, a repairman at the Borzya railway station and in Vladivostok .

After that - a senior accountant, bookkeeper, waiter of a restaurant in Harbin ; teacher in the village of Ekaterinovka, Primorsky region ; student chemist at the Tetyukhinsky mines (now - Dalnegorsk, Primorsky Territory ); Non-commissioned officer, ensign, staff captain of engineering troops - the city of Narovchat Penza province .

Since 1914 - on the fronts of the First World War . Since 1915, he published poetry in newspapers, including under the pseudonym "Peter Altai". In 1917, he joined the Bolshevik Party at the front. In July 1917, in connection with the concussion, he received a two-month vacation from the Romanian front , went to Altai district , where his parents lived in the village of Semenovsky (now disappeared - the territory of the Zavyalovsky district of the Altai Territory ).

He never returned to the front, he was authorized to create peasant councils in the Altai Provincial Zemstvo Council, a teacher in the village of Glubokoy (now Zavyalovsky District), a member of the Altai lips of the executive committee , and the head of the department of public education of the executive committee of the Altai province .

Then in 1918 he became commander of a regiment named after Karl Marx , was an inspector of the combat unit of the headquarters of the Altai Front . After the fall of Soviet power in Altai, he was arrested, then released and lived with his parents in Semenovka, was again arrested and fled.

After that he was mobilized as a former officer and sent to the Barnaul Regiment on September 5, 1918; was again arrested on September 19, 1918, released on October 12; arrested again by the Barnaul counterintelligence - November 18, 1918, tortured, released December 9, 1918. After that, he spent more than a month in the psychology department of a military hospital in Barnaul . Having recovered, he contacted the Omsk underground fighters, and on their instructions worked in the Kolchak counterintelligence of the city of Kamen-on-Ob , supplying the underground with valuable information. The actions of the "gendarme colonel", the prototype of which was Parfyonov, are described in the pages of the novel by Altai writer George Egorov, "Solon you, earth."

Then Parfyonov moved to Transbaikalia and the Far East, where he took an active part in the Civil War as commander of the regiment of the 8th Transbaikal Division of the Red Army, and then head of the political department of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic (FER).

In December 1920-January 1921, Parfyonov, as the special authorized representative of the FER government, led the peaceful delegation of the Primorsky National Assembly at negotiations with the chief of the main headquarters of the security forces of the CER in Harbin regarding the fate of 30 echelons with the remnants of the Kolchak army, ensured their disarmament and re-evacuation. In May 1921, as head of the political department of the people's revolutionary army, he entered the coalition government - the Council of Ministers of the Far Eastern Republic. At the end of 1921, Parfyonov was instructed to head the FAR military-technical mission.

In March 1922 he moved to Moscow , where he worked as an employee of the Comintern ; editor of the magazines "Soviet Way", "Collectivist"; Deputy Trade Representative of the USSR in Iran .

In 1925-1926 he was the responsible instructor of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in Siberia and the Far East; then he headed the organizational plan bureau of the State Planning Commission , was appointed deputy chairman, and, finally, chairman of the State Planning Committee of the RSFSR - in 1927-1929.

In 1927 he married, since 1929 he focused on writing. He was the author of historical books, Lessons from the Past. The Civil War in Siberia ”,“ In the Flames of Revolution ”,“ On the Compromisational Fronts ”,“ The Struggle for the Far East ”, the novel“ Campaign to Gatchina ”, the novel“ Personal and Public ”and other literary works. In 1934 he was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR , he headed the Moscow Association of Writers.

In 1933 Parfyonov was expelled from the party, in October 1935 he was arrested. According to one version, on July 29, 1937, he was shot by the verdict of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on charges of organizing a counter-revolutionary terrorist group and in connection with counter-revolutionaries. According to another version ( http://www.kmslib.ru/120-let-so-dnya-rozhdeniya-petra-semenovicha-parfenova) he died on February 14, 1943 from right-sided pneumonia. P.S. Parfyonov was rehabilitated posthumously in 1956 ^[1]

He was buried in Moscow at the Don cemetery .

On May 19, 1987, 2nd North-West Street in the Railway District of Barnaul was renamed Petr Parfyonov Street. Streets in the Altai district center Zavyalov and in the city of Spassk-Dalniy in the Primorsky Territory also bear the name of Parfenov.

The work of Peter Parfyonov would probably have long been forgotten if it had not been for the song “Along the valleys and on the hills”, which had not gained extraordinary popularity. The initiation was sent to her: "The blessed memory of Sergei Lazo , burned by the Japanese-White Guards in a steam locomotive."

The first version of the heroic song began with the line “Along the valleys, along the hills”. A little later, in 1922 , Parfyonov made a number of changes to the text (“Volochaev days” instead of “Nikolaev days” and so on). In 1929, the Aleksandrov Red Army Song Ensemble included “Partisan” in his repertoire, while Parfenov’s lyrics were edited by songwriter Sergei Alymov . The author of the melody was the company commander of one of the units of the Ukrainian military district, Ilya Aturov, from whose lips Aleksandrov heard the song's melody.

But in 1934 , a collective article appeared in the Izvestia newspaper, which indicated the name of the original author, Parfyonov. And in the 21st issue of the Red Army - Red Navy magazine for 1934 , Pyotr Semenovich himself told the story of the creation of the Partisan Anthem.

However, the issue of authorship remained unresolved, because in 1937 Pyotr Semyonovich was shot. Only in 1962 did the court confirm the authorship of Parfyonov.

In the same 1937, when the author of the Partisan Anthem was shot, a version of the song for the same music appeared in Spain - El Himno del Guerrillero.

• Biography (inaccessible link)
• Anatoly Muravlev. The fate of the author of a popular song