Interleukin-2 ( born Interleukin-2, IL-2 ) is a peptide, a representative of the group of interleukins (one of a type of cytokine ). It is a mediator of inflammation and immunity .
| Interleukin-2 | |
|---|---|
 Crystallographic structure of the molecule | |
| Designations | |
| Characters | IL2 ; IL-2 |
| Entrez gene | 3558 |
| Hgnc | 6001 |
| OMIM | 147680 |
| Refseq | NM_000586 |
| UniProt | P60568 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | 4th hr. , 4q26 -q27 |
Synthesis and functions
It is produced by T-cells in response to antigenic and mitogenic stimulation. Synthesized as a precursor, the mature protein consists of 133 amino acids and has a molecular weight of about 15.4 kDa. Essential for T cell proliferation and other processes that regulate the immune response. Interleukin-2 acts through an interleukin-2 heterotrimeric receptor complex consisting of three subunits: the interleukin-2 alpha receptor ( CD25 ), the interleukin-2 beta receptor ( CD122 ) and the interleukin-2 gamma receptor ( CD132 ). Interleukin-2 activates various signaling pathways , such as Ras / MAPK (a mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway ), JAK / Stat and PI3K / Akt (a phosphoinositide-3 kinase signaling pathway ). Possesses bacteriolytic activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli [1]
Interleukin 2 family
Interleukin 2 is the main cytokine in the interleukin 2 family, which also includes interleukins 4 , 7 , 9 , 15, and 21 . All of them act through interleukin 2 alpha receptor ( CD25 ), interleukin 2 beta receptor ( CD122 ), and Ξ³c receptor ( common gamma chain ). Interleukin 2 activates Ras / MAPK, JAK / Stat and PI 3-kinase / Akt signaling pathways .
Notes
- β PA Levashov, SA Sedov, NG Belogurova, SV Shipovskov, AV Levashov. Bacteriolytic activity of human interleukin-2 // Biochemistry. BiokhimiiΝ‘a. - 2012-11-01. - T. 77 , no. 11 - p . 1312-1314 . - ISSN 1608-3040 . - DOI : 10.1134 / S0006297912110107 .