Alkhasts

The village is located on the left bank of the Assa River, 14 km southwest of the regional center of Sunzha and 24 km east of the city of Magas (distance along the roads) ^[6] . To the west of the village stands a wooded ridge , the Konch River flows in the mountains. To the southwest, on the slopes of the mountains, there are tracts Upper and Lower Mathalduk. Further south is the mouth of the Erusalimki River, which flows into Assu.

On the opposite bank of Assy, southeast of the village, the Amitinsky Range begins (Mount Chub , 1098.9 m). The tract Belyaev Polyana is located on the northern slope of Mount Chub, where the Mokraya River originates, flowing north and flowing into Assa in the vicinity of the village of Nesterovskaya . To the north-east of the village, also on the left bank of Assy, is the mouth of the Assa- Sunzha Canal.

The nearest settlements: in the south - the village of Galashki , in the west - the village of Surkhakhi and in the northeast - the village of Nesterovskaya .

In 1860, approximately at the place where the Alkhasty village is now located, the Cossack village Feldmarshalskaya was founded. In later documents (relating to the first years of Soviet power in the Caucasus) there are allegations that Cossack villages in the Sunzha basin (Feldmarshalskaya and others) were based on territories where previously only Chechen settlements existed, including on the site of the destroyed Chechen auls (information from the leadership of the Chechen national district of the Highland Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ). However, these statements in the same documents are considered as not being indisputable. In particular, the report of the Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on Land Issues in the GASSR V. I. Nevsky points to a long history of Russians living together with Chechens and Ingush in the basin of the Terek , Sunzhi and Assa (referring to the pre-revolutionary studies of E. D. Maximov ) ^[7] .

The village of Feldmarshalskaya was founded as part of the Sunzhenskaya cordon line (one of the last) and was part of the 2nd Vladikavkaz regiment of the Caucasian linear Cossack army , which, being one of the three regiments of the Sunzhenskaya line, united the Cossack villages in the upper reaches of Assy, Sunzha and Kambileevka ^{[ 8]} . Since 1860, the village was part of the Terek region . As of 1874, there were 165 houses in the village, 790 residents (425 males and 365 females), the Orthodox Church ^[9] .

In November 1917, the village of Feldmarshalskaya was attacked by the Ingush and was destroyed ^[10] . This attack was actually the first in a series of events that led to the eviction of Cossacks from a number of villages in the region and the destruction of the former Sunzhenskaya line (with the exception of several villages in the middle reaches of the Sunzha and Assa, also in the Mozdok region and in the lower reaches of the Sunzha Grozny and east). At the time of the ruin of the village, according to some reports, it totaled 238 households ^[11] .

After the establishment of Soviet power on the Terek in March 1918, the Congress of Soviets of the Tersk Region was held in Vladikavkaz , which cemented the fact of the capture of the village by the Ingush population - it was decided to evict the Cossack villages of Vorontsovo-Dashkovskaya , Sunzhenskaya , Tarskaya and Field Marshalsky . The settlements themselves and their lands were transferred to the Ingush poor ^[12] . The beginning of active hostilities during the Civil War completely made the return of the Cossacks to the former village impossible. In November-December 1918, the residents of the Field Marshal asked the V Congress of the Peoples of the Terek:

“... resettle the village, root it somewhere forever, because we ... do not have our refuge. From the day of the pogrom of the village of Feldmarshalskaya, we have been in need of clothes, linen, shoes and living quarters, we are housed in apartments according to the villages: Nesterovskaya , Assinovskaya , Troitskaya , Olginskaya , Mikhailovskaya and other places ... Crops were seized from us ... " ^[13]

After the final establishment of Soviet power in the North Caucasus in 1920, a separate executive committee was established, which in 1920-1921 was engaged in the affairs of the Cossack villages along the Terek and Sunzha ( Baryatinskaya , Ilyinskaya , Petropavlovskaya , Shchedrinskaya , Davydenko and other farms, Ermolovskaya , Romanovskaya , Samashkinskaya , Sleptsovskaya , Assinovskaya , Troitskaya , Nesterovskaya , Karabulak and Field Marshals ) ^[14] . At the same time, the former residents of the Field Marshal actually did not live in their village and did not have the opportunity to use the land ^[15] .

According to some sources, the settlement of the area of ​​the former village by the Ingush dates to 1922 ^[16] . Then the village on the site of the village was renamed Alkhasty (Alhaste, Alhaste-Yurt) ^[17] .

The village of Alkhasta was first part of the Ingush national district of the GASSR , then as part of the Ingush Autonomous Okrug , the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Okrug , the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . According to the 1926 census , only Ingush lived in the village ^[18] .

In 1944, after the deportation of Chechens and Ingush and the abolition of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, the village of Alkhasty was renamed Krasnooktyabrskoye (Krasnoye Oktyabrsky ^[14] ; Ingush. Krasnooktyabrsky ^[19] , Chechen Krasnooktyabrsky ^[20] ). After the restoration of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, the former name was not returned to the locality. The village of Krasnooktyabrskoye was renamed back to Alkhasty only in the first half of the 1990s . In the materials of the Second Congress of the Ingush people ( Grozny , September 9–10, 1989 ) ^{[21] the} old name of the village is mentioned - Krasnooktyabrskoe (“the village of Krasnooktyabrskaya”); however, on the map of 1995 ^[6] the village “Alkhast” is already marked.

Today, representatives of Ingush families live in the village - the Fargiyevs, Belkhoroevs, Bokovs, Merzhoyevs and others. Village Day is celebrated on July 19 ^[16] . In May 2000, a major clash took place in the village area during the Second Chechen War .

National composition

According to the All-Russian Population Censuses of 2002 ^[31] and 2010 ^[32] :

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  Entrance to the village of Alkhasty

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  Lenin street in the village of Alkhasty

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  Mosque in the village of Alkhasty