Heloridae (lat.) - a family of parasitic riders of the superfamily Proctotrupoidea of the suborder Stem - bellied order Hymenoptera insects . Small riders (about 4-7 mm) in black. Wings with reduced venation and a triangular medial cell. Antennae 16-segmented. Claws are comb. Abdomen with a stalk [1] .
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| Heloridae Foerster, 1856 |
Biology
Parasites of the larvae of the retina ( Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Chrysopa ) [1] .
Distribution
Almost cosmopolitan. 4 species in Europe, 2 - in the Arctic, 2 - in Africa, 1 - in the Neotropics, 3 - in Southeast Asia and Australia. The oldest members of the family were found in the Middle Jurassic of China [2] .
Classification
In addition to one modern genus (about 10 species), several fossil taxa are known.
- Helorinae
- Helorus Latreille, 1802 (4 species in Europe)
- † Protohelorinae Rasnitsyn , 1980 (= † Mesohelorinae Rasnitsyn, 1990) [3]
- † Conohelorus
- † Gurvanhelorus Rasnitsyn, 1986 [4]
- † Mesohelorus Martynov, 1925
- † Obconohelorus Rasnitsyn, 1990
- † Protocyrtus Rohdendorf , 1938
- † Protohelorus Kozlov , 1968
Common Views
- Helorus anomalipennis (Panzer, 1798) - Palearctic , North America
- Helorus ruficornis Förster, 1856 - Palearctic , North America , Africa
- Helorus striolatus Cameron, 1906 - Palearctic
Literature
- Kozlov M.A. 1978 . Sem. Heloridae - Helorids // Key to insects of the European part of the USSR. Hymenoptera. - 1978.- T. 3.- Part 2;
- Achterberg, C. van. 2006 . European species of the genus Helorus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Heloridae), with description of a new species from Sulawesi (Indonesia). Zool. Med. Leiden 80 (1): 1-12. [2]
- Askew, RR 1971 . Parasitic insects: xvii + 316pp. American Elsevier Publishing Co., Inc., New York.
- Gauld I. and Bolton B., 1988 . The hymenoptera. British Museum, 332 pp.
- Kusigemati, K. 1987 : The Heloridae (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea) of Japan. Kontyû, 55 (3): 477–485.
- New, TR 1975 : An Australian species of Helorus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Heloridae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 14: 15-17.
- Townes, HK, 1977 . A revision of the Heloridae (Hymenoptera) .— Contr. Am. ent. Inst. 15 (2): 1-12, figs 1-7.
- Zhang Hai-chun; Zhang Jun-feng. 2001 : Proctotrupoid wasps (Insecta, Hymenoptera) from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 18 (1): 11-28.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Key to insects of the Far East of Russia. T. IV. Retina-winged, scorpion, hymenoptera. Part 3 / under the general. ed. P.A. Lera . - Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 1998 .-- S. 661-662. - 708 p. - 500 copies. - ISBN 5-7442-0898-4 .
- ↑ Dong Ren, Hua Feng, Chungkun Shih. New Fossil Heloridae and Mesoserphidae Wasps (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea) from the Middle Jurassic of China (Eng.) // Annals of the Entomological Society of America. - 2011-11-01. - Vol. 104 , iss. 6 . - P. 1334–1348 . - ISSN 0013-8746 . - DOI : 10.1603 / AN10194 .
- ↑ Johnson, NF; Musetti, L .; Janzen, J.-W. 2001: A new fossil species of the Australian endemic genus Peradenia Naumann & Masner (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea, Peradeniidae) from Baltic Amber. Insect systematics & evolution, 32: 191-194. [1] (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Rasnitsyn, AP 1986: Insects in the Early Cretaceous ecosystems of the West Mongolia. Description of fossils. Vespida (Hymenoptera). Sovmestnaya Sovetsko-Mongol'skaya Paleontologicheskaya Ekspeditsiya Trudy, 28: 154-164.