Sologubovka (village)

The village of Sologubovka owes its name to Count Ivan Antonovich Sollogub . The Polish nobleman made a military career in Russia, becoming a major general . In 1784, he received from Catherine the Second as a gift the vast Assumption estate in Shlisselburg Uyezd , where he resettled his peasants from Poland and Lithuania. One of the villages was called Sologubovka .

Assumption Manor is mentioned on the map of Ingermanland A. Rostovtsev 1727 ^[3] .

As the Lezinsky manor, the Ouspensky estate is indicated on the map of the St. Petersburg province of 1792 by A. M. Vilbrecht ^[4] .

On the map of the St. Petersburg province of F. F. Schubert in 1834, the village Salagubovka , consisting of 50 peasant households, is mentioned ^[5] .

Then it was owned by the merchants Kusovnikovs, known throughout Russia for their wealth and eccentricities, and from 1837 until the revolution of 1917, the Sologubov period of the princes Yusupovs continued. This was the heyday of the vast lands of the Assumption estate, renamed them Blagoveshchensk.

USPENSKY (SALOGUBOVKA) - the village belongs to the real secret counselor, Princess Tatyana Yusupova, the number of inhabitants under the audit: 181 m., 225 w. P.
In one: a wooden church in the name of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. (1838) ^[6]

Prince Boris Nikolayevich Yusupov in 1849 initiated the construction of the stone church of the Assumption of the Mother of God on the high bank of the Mga River, separating the villages of Sologubovka and Lezier. The basis was the project of the famous St. Petersburg architect Vasily Morgan . In 1852, the church was built. However, the tightness of the temple, crowned with the traditional five-domed church, necessitated its expansion and the construction of the bell tower, which was taken over in 1880 by church elder Dmitry Bychkov and rector of the Assumption Church, Archpriest Nikolai Lebedev. The original intention was to dedicate the temple to the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, but the plans changed and the church was consecrated in honor of the Assumption of the Mother of God .

On the map of Professor S. S. Kutorgi in 1852, it is indicated as the village of Salagubova (Uspenskoe) ^[7] .

USPENSKY (SALOGUBOVKA) - the village of Prince Yusupov, along the postal tract and country road, the number of yards - 118, the number of souls - 208 m. (1856) ^[8]

The number of inhabitants of the village according to the Xth revision of 1857: 228 m., 298 g. paragraph ^[9] .

USPENSKY (SALOGUBOVKA) - a village owned by the Mga River and wells, the number of yards - 119, the number of inhabitants: 229 m., 297 g. P.; Orthodox church. School. (1862) ^[10]

According to the home census of 1882, 93 families lived in the village, the number of inhabitants: 244 m., 246 g. P.; the category of peasants - temporarily liable , as well as a newcomer population - 1 family, in them: 4 m., 4. paragraph ^{[9] [11]} .

SALOGUBOVKA - the former owner's village of Lezinsky volost near the Mge river, 82 yards, residents - 493; Schismatic house of worship, three shops. (1885) ^[12] .

According to the first census of the Russian Empire :

SALOGUBOVKA - village, Orthodox - 75, Old Believers (Bespopovites) - 418, men - 232, women - 261, both sexes - 493. (1897) ^[13]

In the XIX - early XX centuries, the village administratively belonged to the Lezien parish of the 1st camp of the Shlisselburg district of St. Petersburg province.

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  Plan of the village Sologubovka. 1913

By 1913, the number of yards in the village increased to 90 ^[14] .

Consecrated in 1881, the temple retained its shape for some time after the revolution, although from the 30s of the last century it was no longer used for religious purposes ^[15] . It housed a club, then a warehouse. The last rector of the church, Archpriest Alexander Vishnyakov, was executed on the 10th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution on November 8, 1927 ^[16] .

From 1917 to 1923, the village of Sologubovka was part of the Lezien parish of the Shlisselburg district.

Since 1924, as part of the Leziensky village council of the Leningrad district .

Since February 1927, as part of the Mginsky volost. Since August 1927, as part of the Mginsky district ^[17] .

According to 1933, the village was called Sologubovka and was part of the Lezien village council of the Mginsky district ^[18] .

The village was liberated from Nazi occupation on January 22, 1944.

In 1958, the population of the village of Sologubovka was 330 people.

Since 1960, as part of the Tosno district ^[17] .

According to data from 1966 and 1973, the village of Sologubovka was the administrative center of the Lezien village council of the Tosnensky district, the central estate of the Mginsky state farm was located in the village ^{[19] [20]} .

According to 1990 data, 441 people lived in the village of Sologubovka . The village was the administrative center of the Lezien village council of the Kirov region, which included 11 settlements: the villages of Voitolovo, Ivanovo , Kirsino, Lezier, Muya , Petrovo, Puholovo, Sologubovka , Turyshkino; Molodtsovo village; the village at the station Sologubovka, with a total population of 2206 people ^[21] .

In 1997, 421 people lived in the village of Sologubovka in the Lezensky volost, in 2002 - 361 people (Russians - 92%) ^{[22] [23]} .

In 2007, in the village of Sologubovka of the Mginsky state enterprise - 385 people ^[24] .

The village is located in the southwestern part of the district on the highway 41А-004 ( Pavlovo - Luga ).

The distance to the administrative center of the settlement is 11 km ^[24] .

The distance to the district center is 26 km ^[21] .

The distance to the nearest Mga railway station is 10 km ^[19] .

The village is located on the right bank of the Mga River. On the contrary, on the other side of the river, is the village of Leziers .

At the end of the war, all German cemeteries on the orders of Stalin , published in 1945, were destroyed ^[15] .

In 1992, a Russian-German military agreement was reached, according to which the German side received official permission from the Russian government to search for the burial places of German soldiers and the construction of memorials. The German People’s Military Grave Care Alliance , a voluntary public organization whose budget consists of 90% membership dues and donations, provided substantial assistance.

In 1994, the government of the Leningrad Region allocated 5 hectares of land for the construction of a German cemetery in the village of Sologubovka.

By agreement with the administration of the Leningrad Region, it was decided to turn this cemetery in the village of Sologubovka into the world's largest military cemetery. Now about 22,000 soldiers of the German armed forces are reburied on it. By the deadline for completing the search, the remains of about 80,000 former Wehrmacht soldiers will find their rest here.

It was also planned to erect a monument to Soviet soldiers here.

The church itself, with the approach of the front, turned into an ideal reference point for Soviet long-range artillery, according to which the adjustment of targets was carried out in the area of ​​the German railway hub in Mge .

At the headquarters of the German 18th Army, it was decided to dismantle the domes of the church, which were visible for many kilometers. Due to the fact that the church building continued to be used for various purposes, the domes were not blown up, and German sappers of the 21st battalion removed them using engineering and technical means for a week. From March 26 to April 1, 1943, the sappers managed to complete the dismantling by folding the domes next to the temple. All this time, the German postal service continued to work in the church, and one of the outbuildings served the local Russian church community as a place of worship. In the basement, which protected against bombs and shells, the Wehrmacht field hospital was located. The further fate of the domes remained unknown ^[27] .

January 21, 1944 Mga, and then Sologubovka were liberated by Soviet troops. The church, deprived of domes, represented the ruins. For the long post-war years, it turned into a warehouse, and with the collapse of state farms it became unnecessary for these purposes. A forest grew above the ruins, the road to the temple was also overgrown.

After choosing a site near the church for the construction of the world's largest burial place for German soldiers, it was originally planned to blow up the ruins of the temple and pave the way to the cemetery in the vacant space. The local Orthodox community, residents and authorities, as well as veteran and peacekeeping public organizations, opposed this.

The Orthodox parish, which was a flock of priest Vyacheslav Kharinov ^[28], on his initiative, decided to restore the temple not only as a monument of architecture of the 19th century , but also as a monument to the reconciliation of Russian and German peoples. The walls were preserved and a temporary roof was erected, which protected the building from further destruction, but its restoration was impossible due to the lack of funds from the regional administration. The situation changed after the adoption of the joint German-Soviet agreement. The role of general sponsor was the People’s Union ^[16] .

The German People’s Union for the Care of Military Graves actively and actively supported the initiative of the church community to restore the destroyed building together, making it the Monument Temple , a clear symbol of reconciliation of the once warring peoples. The German People’s Union acted as the general sponsor, and after the announcement in the Western press, funds began to come from both Europe and America. The temple was opened after restoration on September 20, 2003. One of its chapels is dedicated to the patron saint of the Russian army, the Great Martyr George the Victorious. In the same aisle are kept synodics with the names of the dead and missing Russian soldiers serving for their church commemoration. Materials dedicated to the memory of the victims of the siege of Leningrad are placed in the crypt of the church ^[16] .

On December 23, 1998, at the initiative of the American filmmaker, a German by birth Norbert Lucius, who shot the reconciliation film “War and Love”, a cross was erected in the cemetery with the support of the People’s Union of Germany, the Center for German Culture and Reconciliation Larisa Knoll, and the Center for Reconciliation .

Now, the creation of the first Russian-German Peace Park continues in the territory adjacent to the temple and cemetery. This will be a unique architectural and memorial zone, which, in addition to the Assumption Church and the German military burial, will also include the Alley of sculptures, examples of landscape architecture, and an equipped spring water source that has existed for centuries at the foot of God’s Mountain and revered by locals. The basement of the Assumption Church housed a joint Russian-German Museum of the history of the temple, and materials on the memory of the victims of the war devoted to the idea of ​​reconciliation over the graves of fallen soldiers of Russia and Germany were collected in the St. George chapel. The temple is now listed in the cultural monuments.

The iconostasis of the church is unique in that its icons are painted by the German soldier Andreas Blok, who was wounded near Stalingrad and lost his leg. Shortly before his death, he turned to Father Vyacheslav with a request to place these icons in the church. “This is my repentance and offering to all the victims of the war,” he wrote ^[16] .

Today, one cannot fail to note the outstanding contribution of the German People's Union to the implementation of this remarkable project, which promises to be another example of friendly cooperation, cultural exchange and the further rapprochement of the once warring peoples. It is unexpected and valuable that such a large cultural and peacekeeping project arose on the initiative of the Russian Orthodox Church and was realized, first of all, thanks to the tireless energy and perseverance of the rector of the Assumption Church, priest Vyacheslav Kharinov.

- Lebedev, Yuri Mikhailovich (Chairman of the Center "Reconciliation")

Field, River ^[29] .

• German military cemetery