Alexandra Land - an island of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. Administratively part of the Primorsky district of the Arkhangelsk region of Russia . Located on the territory of the state natural reserve of federal significance "Franz Josef Land" .
| Alexandra Land | |
|---|---|
| Specifications | |
| Square | 1130 km² |
| Highest point | 382 m |
| Population | 0 pax (2010) |
| Location | |
| Archipelago | Franz Josef Land |
| A country |
|
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Arkhangelsk region |
In the north-east of the island is the Peninsula of Polar Pilots . The highest point of the island is the Lunar ice dome - 382 meters. The highest point of the land not covered by ice is 68 meters.
On the island were:
- Hydrometeorological polar station " Nagurskaya " of the USSR State Committee for Hydrometeorology - east of Primetnoy hill , 31 m above sea level (closed in 1991 ).
- Auxiliary Nagurskoye airfield of the Arctic Operational Group (RSA) of the USSR Long-Range Aviation (it was closed and used as a runway for aviation of the border service of the FSB of Russia ).
Since 1981, the Nagurskaya frontier post has been located on the island. Since May 2007 - the base of the border service of the FSB of Russia “ Nagurskaya ” [1] [2] In 2008, the infrastructure of the polar station was upgraded, an administrative-residential building with an area of 5000 m², a garage, a power unit, a fuel and lubricant warehouse, water supply and sewage facilities were built as part of a new town for border guards [3] .
In 2007, the construction of the Arctic Shamrock military base began on the island. Since 2014, an air defense unit of the Russian Northern Fleet has been deployed on the territory of the base. Construction should be completed in 2016 .
The Nagurskoye airdrome was one of 13 airdromes that will be restored for use in connection with the creation on December 1, 2014 of the Sever Joint Strategic Command [4] .
Content
History
The island was discovered by the expedition of the Englishman Benjamin Lee Smith and named after Queen Alexandra of Denmark [5] [6] . The hydrometeorological station, the airfield, and in the past the 31st separate radar company were named after the pilot Jan Nagursky .
During the Great Patriotic War , a German weather station called the Treasure Hunter operated in the western part of the island, as well as a base for sludge and refueling of submarines . The weather station was opened as part of a project codenamed “Wunderland” (“Wonderland”) in 1943 and worked until July 1944 [7] . The remains of this base were discovered in 1947 by the polar pilot I.P. Mazuruk , looking for a place on the island for an Arctic air base. The radio meteorological station was located in capital dugout houses with double walls, plexiglass windows, and white roofs disguised as snow.
In 1981, the Nagurskaya border outpost was commissioned [8] .
In the 1980s, the village united the Nagurskaya polar station and several military and scientific towns (frontier post, commandant’s office, part of the USSR air defense (military unit 03184), etc.). In the 1990s, most facilities were closed.
As of 2016, a year-round runway is being constructed on the island in the interests of the Russian Ministry of Defense, where a fighter link and two Il-78 tankers will be deployed. The construction of the administrative complex Arctic closed trefoil with an area of 14,000 m² is also underway. Construction is scheduled to be completed in 2016 [9] .
Domes and Glaciers
Most of the territory is covered by two glacial domes : Lunar and Kropotkin . The largest lunar dome glaciers are the Worcester , Nordensköld and Payer glaciers.
Lakes
There are many lakes in the territory free from ice domes. Of these, the largest Utino and Icy .
Adjacent waters
The island is washed by the Barents Sea .
Straits
Between the Peninsula of Polar Pilots and the Armitage Peninsula passes the Strait of Arkhangelsk . South of the Strait of Arkhangelsk is the Cambridge Strait, washing the southern part of the island.
Alexandra Land Bays and Bays
Scrolling from the extreme western point clockwise:
- Shallow Bay
- St. John's Wort Bay
- Topographs Bay (between Cape Melekhova and the western coast of the Polar Pilot Peninsula [10] )
- Dezhnev Bay
- North Bay
- Ostrovnaya Bay
- Weiprecht Bay
- Nordenscheld Bay
Cape of Alexandra Earth
Scrolling from the extreme western point clockwise:
- cape mary harmsworth
- cape nimrod
- Cape Arrow
- cape Nagursky
- Cape Tempting
- cape thomas
- Cape Melekhova
- Cape Double
- Cape Babushkina
- cape icy
- cape Abrosimova
- Cape Finger
- Cape Ludlova
- cape lofley
Nearby Islands
Small:
- Ice
- Seal
Large
- George's Land
Topographic maps
polar Art. Nagurskoye U-38-XXVIII, XXIX, XXX | peninsula Armitage U-39-XXV, XXVI, XXVII | |
M. Mary Hamsworth U-38-XXXI, XXXII, XXXIII | peninsula Sumgina U-38-XXXIV, XXXV, XXXVI | George's Land U-39-XXXI, XXXII, XXXIII |
Photos
Notes
- ↑ Suslikov A. Nagurskaya station. Next stop is the North Pole // Evening Murmansk . - 2007. - No. 172 . Archived February 10, 2015.
- ↑ View of the base in 2008.
- ↑ Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin visits Franz Josef Land on the northernmost Russian border post
- ↑ Airborne troops develop the Arctic
- ↑ Pospelov E. M. The geographical names of Russia: a toponymic dictionary: more than 4000 units. - M .: AST ; Astrel, 2008. - 523, [5] p. - ISBN 978-5-17-054966-5 (AST); ISBN 978-5-271-20728-0 (Astrel)
- ↑ William J. Mills. Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia. - ABC CLIO, 2003. - Volume 1, AL. - ISBN 1-57607-423-4 .
- ↑ Alexander Oboimov. The return of meteorological observations on about. Land of Alexandra . // Federal State Budgetary Institution "Northern Administration for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring" (04/08/2013).
- ↑ Andrey Kalyuta. Ice outpost of Russia . // Russian officers.
- ↑ On the Earth Alexandra will place the link of the Su-34 or MiG-31 // Military News Agency
- ↑ Toponymy of the seas of the Soviet Arctic. 3. Archipelago Franz Josef Land