Walrus ( lat. Odobenidae) is a family of marine mammals . Previously, he was assigned to the order of pinnipeds (Pinnipedia), but recently walruses, along with real and eared seals, are assigned to the order of predators [1] [2] , singling out together with the eared seals (Otariidae) in the superfamily Otarioidea [3] . Fossil representatives of the family are known from the early Neogene (about 20.5 million years ago) [2] [3] . Currently, there is only one species - walrus , circumpolar distributed in the Arctic seas [2] .
| Walrus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Walrus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Odobenidae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modern walrus range | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Geochronology appeared 20.5 million years
◄ Nowadays◄ Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
- 1 Classification
- 2 Gallery
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
Classification
In the walrus family there is one modern genus with one species and several ancient fossil genera [3] :
- † Archaeodobenus
- † Archaeodobenus akamatsui
- † Imagotaria
- † Imagotaria downsi
- † Kamtschatarctos
- † Kamtschatarctos sinelnikovae - Kamchatoarkt [4]
- † Neotherium
- † Neotherium mirum
- † Pelagiarctos
- † Pelagiarctos thomasi
- † Proneotherium
- † Proneotherium repenningi
- † Prototaria
- † Prototaria planicephala
- † Prototaria primigena
- † Pseudotaria
- † Pseudotaria muramotoi
- Subfamily Dusignathinae
- † Dusignathus
- † Dusignathus santacruzensis
- † Dusignathus seftoni
- † Gomphotaria
- † Gomphotaria pugnax
- † Pontolis
- † Pontolis magnus
- Subfamily Odobeninae
- † Aivukus
- † Aivukus cedrosensis
- Odobenus - Walruses
- † Odobenus mandanoensis
- † Odobenus obesus
- Odobenus rosmarus - Walrus
- † Ontocetus
- † Ontocetus emmonsi
- † Ontocetus koninckii
- † Pliopedia
- † Pliopedia pacifica
- † Protodobenus
- † Protodobenus japonicus
- † Valenictus
- † Valenictus chulavistensis
- † Valenictus imperialensis
Gallery
Walrus skeleton
Gomphotaria pugnax , reconstruction
Pliopedia pacifica , reconstruction
Imagotaria downsi , reconstruction
Archaeodobenus akamatsui , reconstruction
Head of Protodobenus japonicus , reconstruction
Aivukus cedrosensis head , reconstruction
Notes
- ↑ Odobenidae in Wilson DE & Reeder DM (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). - Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols. 2142 pp. - ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0 [1]
- ↑ 1 2 3 Pavlinov I. Ya. Systematics of modern mammals (Proceedings of the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University . Volume 47). - 2nd ed. - M .: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 2006 .-- S. 206. - 295 p. - ISSN 0134-8647
- ↑ 1 2 3 Paleobiology Database: Odobenidae (walrus) (Retrieved March 15, 2017)
- ↑ Alifanov V.R., Kirillova I.V. Overview of the pre-Quaternary vertebrates of Sakhalin Island // Scientific notes of Sakhalin State University : collection of scientific articles / Ch. ed. and comp. T.K. Zlobin. - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: SakhSU , 2008. - Issue. VII. - S. 45.
Literature
- Perrin WF, Würsig B., Thewissen JGM (ed.) 2008. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals . 2nd ed. Academic Press. 1352 pp. ISBN 978-0-12-373553-9
- Berta A., Sumich JL, Kovacs KM 2005. Marine Mammals: Evolutionary Biology . 2-nd ed. Academic Press. 560 pp. ISBN 978-0-08-048934-6