Pine Cedar European [1] , or European Pine , or European Cedar ( lat. Pinus cembra ) - coniferous tree; A species of the genus Pine ( Pinus ) of the Pine family ( Pinaceae ), one of the representatives of cedar pines .
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Pinus cembra L. , 1753 | |||||||||||||||||||
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Content
Title
Named by analogy with the closely related Siberian pine , which in Russian has long been called cedar, although in fact both of these trees belong to the genus Sosna , and not Cedar , that is, they are more close relatives of the Scotch pine , than real cedars: Lebanese , Atlas or Himalayan .
Dissemination and ecology
The species range is divided into two areas. A large area extends from the southern regions of France to the eastern regions of the Alps , in the north comes to Lake Geneva . The second and smaller area is located in the High Tatras and the Carpathians .
It grows in mountains at altitudes from 1,300 to 2,500 meters, preferring heights from 1,500 to 2,000 meters. In the northern regions prefers southern and southeastern slopes. The plant is shade tolerant, it is considered one of the most frost-resistant among pines (it can withstand up to −43 ° C), it is demanding to the humidity of the air and soil, it grows well only on moderately moist and fresh clay soils.
Botanical description
Morphologically, it is close to Siberian cedar pine , from which it differs by smaller growth and wider, ovoid crown, longer and thinner needles and smaller size of cones and seeds.
Tree 10-25 m tall and trunk diameter up to 1.5 meters.
The needles , 5-9 cm long and about 1 mm wide, are collected in bundles of 5 pieces each.
Cones 4-8 cm long, 6-7 cm wide; seeds are 8-12 mm long, the wing is small. In 1 kg about 4 000 seeds.
At a young age, the tree has a straight trunk and a thin crown ; towards old age, the trunk and branches bend, taking on fancy shapes.
Application
Wood is considered more durable than that of Siberian cedar. In landscape gardening, little is used, although for decorative qualities it can be successfully used in single and group plantings in forest parks , where it is perfectly combined with birch trees . In addition, it is good in complex compositions with tsugami , larch , juniper , oak , rowan , rhododendron , lespedez , holly , laurel , etc. In culture for a long time.
Wood has a beautiful pattern and is widely used for interior plating and decorative crafts.
In culture
Frost resistance zones : from 4 to warmer [2] .
Notes
- ↑ Russian name of taxon - according to the following edition:
- Schröter A. I. , Panasyuk V. A. Plant names dictionary = Dictionary of Plant Names / Int. union biol. Sciences, Nat. Kt biologists Russia, Vseros. In-lek. and aromatic. plants Ros. agricultural holding academy; Ed. prof. V. A. Bykov. - Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books, 1999. - P. 573. - 1033 p. - ISBN 3-87429-398-X .
- ↑ Treyvas L.Yu. Atlas determinant. Diseases and pests of coniferous plants .. - M . : ZAO Fiton +, 2010. - 144 p. - ISBN 978—5—93457—0.
Literature
- Trees and shrubs of the USSR. Wild, cultivated and promising for introduction. / Ed. Volumes S. Ya. Sokolov and B. K. Shishkin . - M. - L .: Publ . - p. 195. - 464 p. - 3000 copies