Spassky operation (Storm of Spassk) ( October 8 - 9, 1922 ) - the operation of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic and partisan formations against the White troops " Zemsky rati " in the Spassk area during the end of the Civil War in Russia . An integral part of the Primorsky operation .
| Spass operation | |||
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| Main Conflict: Seaside Operation | |||
 And stay like a fairy tale Like beckoning lights Spassk's assault nights ... | |||
| date of | October 8 - 9, 1922 | ||
| A place | Spassk and surroundings | ||
| Total | Victory of the Far Eastern Republic | ||
| Changes | Spassk and surroundings are occupied by NRA FDA | ||
| Opponents | |||
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| Commanders | |||
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| Forces of the parties | |||
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| Losses | |||
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During the Civil War, the Spass operation was already the third fierce assault on the city. Previously, Spassk stormed in 1918 and 1920 [2] .
On October 7, 1922, units of the strike group of the 2nd Amur Division of the NRA reached the approaches to the Spassky fortified area defended by the Volga Group Major General V. M. Molchanov . The fortified area, built in 1921 by soldiers of the 8th Japanese Infantry Division, consisted of 7 field-type forts , which were connected by trenches and surrounded by 3-5 rows of barbed wire [3] .
Content
- 1 battle progress
- 2 Results of the battle
- 3 Memory, reflection in culture and art
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature and sources
Battle Progress
By the beginning of the battle, the forces of the NRA strike group included two operational units [1] :
- the right column (commander Y. Z. Pokus) included the 6th Khabarovsk Rifle Regiment, one cavalry division [4] , two artillery batteries and an armored train.
- the left column (commander S. S. Vostretsov ) included the 5th Amur and 4th Volochaev rifle regiments, the Troitskosavsky cavalry regiment, the division junior command school and the armored train.
The right column was to storm the enemy’s positions from the north and north-west, in order to capture Fort No. 1. The left column was to attack positions from the south, in order to capture Fort No. 3.
Before the start of the offensive, the red partisans operating in the rear of the white troops under the command of M.P. Volsky were ordered to take decisive action in the area between Nikolsk-Ussuriysky and Evgenievka station [5] .
On October 8, 1922, parts of the NRA strike group began an assault on the fortifications; on that day, S. Vostretsov’s units captured Fort No. 3 and by the end of the day had consolidated their positions on the northwestern outskirts of the city.
On the morning of October 9, NRA troops launched an offensive on the entire front. After a short artillery preparation by noon, they occupied the northern part of the city. By 14.30, four more forts were captured, and White moved to the last fortified line in the area of the cement plant, but then, having been threatened by coverage from the flanks, they were forced to leave Spassk [6] .
In this battle, the loss of whites amounted to over 1000 people. killed and wounded, parts of the NRA captured at least 284 prisoners, 2 artillery batteries [7] , three regimental banners [5] , the headquarters of the Volga White Group and an armored train.
As a result of the Spass operation in Primorye, Far Eastern Democratic Forces dismantled the strategic white defense unit and opened the way to Southern Primorye.
Battle Results
S. Vostretsov was awarded the Red Banner Orders for participation in the battle, having begun the 2nd Amur Rifle Division Y. Z. Pokus, the commander of the 5th Amur Rifle Regiment N. M. Nevolin, the regiment commissar V. P. Malyshev and others [5] .
On November 22, 1922, after the Far Eastern Republic entered the RSFSR, the People's Revolutionary Army was renamed the 5th Army, which was named the Red Banner on July 1, 1923 .
Memory, Reflection in Culture and Art
And stay like in fairy tales
Like alluring lights -
The assault nights of Spassk,
Volochaev days.- “ In the valleys and on the hills ”
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Soviet Military Encyclopedia / Ed. N.V. Ogarkova .. - M .: Military Publishing, 1979. - T. 7. - S. 491-492.
- ↑ Assault nights of Spassk
- ↑ Spassky operation 1922 // Great Soviet Encyclopedia . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978. - S. 288. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978).
- ↑ from the Separate Far Eastern Cavalry Brigade
- ↑ 1 2 3 Civil war in the USSR (in 2 volumes) / call. authors, ed. N. N. Azovtsev. Volume 2. M., Military Publishing, 1986. p. 379-380
- ↑ Great Soviet Encyclopedia. / redkoll., ch. ed. B. A. Vvedensky. 2nd ed. T. 40. M., State Scientific Publishing House "Great Soviet Encyclopedia", 1957. p. 250
- ↑ Civil war and military intervention in the USSR. Encyclopedia / Redkoll., Ch. ed. S. S. Khromov. - 2nd ed. - M., "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1987. p. 683
Literature and Sources
- Commander J. Pocus. The assault on Volochaevka and Spassk // Military Knowledge magazine, No. 2, 1938. pp. 76-88