Arachnis [2] ( lat. Arachnis ) is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants of the Orchidaceae family.
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 Arachnis flos-aeris - type species of the genus Arachnis . Botanical illustration from the book "Rumphia", 1835-1848. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Arachnis Blume , 1825 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The abbreviation of the generic name in industrial and indoor floriculture is Arach. [3]
The genus Arachnis includes 11 species and 1 natural hybrid [4] .
Distributed in continental tropical Asia , Indonesia and the Pacific Islands .
Epiphytes .
Some representatives of the genus and hybrids with their participation are popular in indoor and greenhouse floriculture , and are also widely represented in botanical gardens .
Content
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Morphological description
- 3 Types
- 4 Natural Hybrids
- 5 Protection of endangered species
- 6 In culture
- 7 Diseases and pests
- 8 Artificial intergeneric hybrids
- 9 notes
- 10 Literature
- 11 Links
Etymology
The name of the genus Arachnis comes from the Greek word "Arachne" - a spider . This is due to the fact that peanut flowers resemble those sitting on an invisible web of spider-web-spiders.
Morphological description
Monopodial plants of medium or large sizes.
The stem at the beginning is grassy, eventually lignifying, thin, in some species up to 4 meters in length.
Leaves are two-row, belt-shaped, stiff.
The inflorescence is lateral, multi-flowered.
Flowers . At the base of the lip there is a distinct broad spur; tepals are lanceolate, narrow, usually slightly expanding toward the apex, more or less thin. Column with solid submerged stigma. The anther is terminal, in the form of a cap - an operculum freely lying on the top of the column [5] .
Polliniev 4.
Views
List of species according to the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew [6] :
- Arachnis annamensis ( Rolfe ) JJSm. , 1912
- Arachnis beccarii Rchb.f. 1886
- Arachnis beccarii var. beccarii
- Arachnis beccarii var. imthurnii ( Rolfe ) KWTan 1974
- Arachnis breviscapa ( JJSm. ) JJSm. 1912
- Arachnis celebica ( Schltr. ) JJSm. 1912
- Arachnis flos-aeris ( L. ) Rchb.f. 1886 typus
- Arachnis flos-aeris var. flos-aeris
- Arachnis flos-aeris var. gracilis holttum 1935
- Arachnis grandisepala JJWood 1981
- Arachnis hookeriana ( Rchb.f. ) Rchb.f. 1886
- Arachnis labrosa ( Lindl. & Paxton ) Rchb.f. 1886
- Arachnis limax Seidenf. 1970
- Arachnis longicaulis ( Schltr. ) LOWilliams 1937
- Arachnis longisepala ( JJWood ) Shim , 1982
Natural Hybrids
- Arachnis × maingayi ( Hook.f. ) Schltr. , 1911 (= Arachnis flos-aeris × Arachnis hookeriana )
Endangered Species Protection
All species of the genus Arachnis are included in Appendix II of the CITES Convention. The purpose of the Convention is to ensure that international trade in wild animals and plants does not endanger their survival.
In Culture
The temperature group is warm.
Plants are kept in conditions with good air circulation and high relative humidity .
All types are photophilous [7] .
Planting in baskets for epiphytes.
Diseases and Pests
Artificial intergeneric hybrids
According to The International Orchid Register [8] :
- Arachnis × Acampe = Aracampe
- Arachnis × Aerides = Aeridachnis
- Arachnis × Aerides × Ascocentrum × Paraphalaenopsis × Rhynchostylis × Vanda = Dixuanara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Ascocentrum × Renanthera × Rhynchostylis × Vanda = Waiyengara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Ascocentrum × Renanthera × Vanda = Engkhiamara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Ascocentrum × Rhynchostylis × Vanda = Wailaiara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Ascocentrum × Vanda = Lewisara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Ascoglossum = Ayubara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Christensonia = Lawara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Luisia = Scottara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Neofinetia = Hanesara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Phalaenopsis = Parnataara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Renanthera = Lymanara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Rhynchostylis = Sagarikara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Trichoglottis = Paulsenara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Vanda = Burkillara
- Arachnis × Aerides × Vanda × Vandopsis = Pehara
- Arachnis × Armodorum = Armodachnis
- Arachnis × Armodorum × Renanthera = Renaradorum
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum = Ascorachnis
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Paraphalaenopsis × Vanda = Purverara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Paraphalaenopsis × Vanda × Vandopsis = Lavrihara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Phalaenopsis × Vanda = Bokchoonara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Phalaenopsis × Vanda × Vandopsis = Sutingara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Renanthera × Vanda = Yusofara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Rhynchostylis = Xerriara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Rhynchostylis × Vanda = Bovornara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Vanda = Mokara
- Arachnis × Ascocentrum × Vanda × Vandopsis = Alphonsoara
- Arachnis × Ascoglossum = Arachnoglossum
- Arachnis × Ascoglossum × Renanthera = Ngara
- Arachnis × Christensonia × Vanda = Moihwaara
- Arachnis × Cleisocentron = Arachnocentron
- Arachnis × Paraphalaenopsis = Pararachnis
- Arachnis × Paraphalaenopsis × Renanthera = Paranthera
- Arachnis × Paraphalaenopsis × Renanthera × Vanda × Vandopsis = Oderara
- Arachnis × Paraphalaenopsis × Renanthera × Vandopsis = Spiessara
- Arachnis × Paraphalaenopsis × Vanda = Parandachnis
- Arachnis × Paraphalaenopsis × Vandopsis = Garayara
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis = Arachnopsis
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis × Renanthera = Sappanara
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis × Renanthera × Vanda × Vandopsis = Macekara
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis × Renanthera × Vandopsis = Edeara
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis × Sedirea = Arachnopsirea
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis × Vanda = Trevorara
- Arachnis × Phalaenopsis × Vandopsis = Laycockara
- Arachnis × Renanthera = Aranthera
- Arachnis × Renanthera × Rhynchostylis = Chuanyenara
- Arachnis × Renanthera × Trichoglottis = Irvingara
- Arachnis × Renanthera × Trichoglottis × Vanda = Andrewara
- Arachnis × Renanthera × Vanda = Holttumara
- Arachnis × Renanthera × Vanda × Vandopsis = Teohara
- Arachnis × Renanthera × Vandopsis = Limara
- Arachnis × Rhynchostylis = Arachnostylis
- Arachnis × Rhynchostylis × Vanda = Ramasamyara
- Arachnis × Seidenfadenia = Arachnadenia
- Arachnis × Trichoglottis = Arachnoglottis
- Arachnis × Trichoglottis × Vanda = Ridleyara
- Arachnis × Vanda = Aranda
- Arachnis × Vanda × Vandopsis = Leeara
- Arachnis × Vandopsis = Vandachnis
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of monocotyledons as a superior taxon for the group of plants described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Monocotyledonous article .
- ↑ The Russian name “Arachnis” is used in the book Hedgehog Zdenek, Orchids. Illustrated Encyclopedia. Publisher: Labyrinth, 2005
- ↑ Alphabetical list of standard abbreviations of all generic names. occurring in current use in orchid hybrid registration as at 31st December 2007 Archived September 10, 2016.
- ↑ Arachnis . The Plant List . Version 1.1. (2013). Date of appeal October 16, 2016.
- ↑ Averyanov L.V. Key to Orchidaceae ( Orchidaceae Juss.) Of Vietnam. - SPb. , 1994 .-- 432 p.
- ↑ World Checklist of Arachnis . The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ↑ Viewpoints and photographs on the Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
- ↑ Alphabetical one-table list of genera and intergeneric combinations. The International Orchid Register Archived on October 28, 2011.
Literature
- Brin M, 1986, The genus Arachnis BL. (Arachnanthe Bl.) Florida Orchidist 29. (4): 174-179.
- Lamb A, 1982, The Scorpion orchids of Sabah. Orchid Dig. 46. (5): 175-186.
- Tan KW, 1976, Taxonomy of Arachnis, Armodorum, Esmeralda, and Dimorphorchis (Orchidaceae): part 2. Selbyana 1. (4): 365-373.
- Tan KW, 1974, A survey of the genus Arachnis and its allies. (Examen del genero Arachnis y sus aliados.) In: World Orchid Conference vol. 7th Medellin, 1972. Proceedings 187-20.