Grains

Small or medium sized beetles, 1–22 mm long. Typically, the body is covered with hairs, often forming spots or bandages on the pronotum and elytra. The main body color is black, often the legs and antennae are partially or completely yellow or yellow-red; in some species, other parts of the body (head, chest, abdomen, elytra) are partially or completely light in color. Sexual dimorphism is expressed differently - males usually differ from females in the structure of their legs, antennae, in the bulge and position of the pygidium and the last sternite .

The head is small, usually strongly pulled into the prothorax, the mouth organs are elongated and directed forward or downward. Eyes in front with clipping. Antennae 11-segmented, serrate or comb, rather rarely filiform. Elytra shortened, pygidium open. The pronotum is oval, or trapezoid. False-four-segmented paws. The hind legs are usually longer and thicker than the front and middle legs; the hind femora are thickened, sometimes on the lower side with an apical tooth; sometimes the tooth at the inner edge of the thighs is accompanied by a more or less developed crest-like series of small teeth.

The adult larva is white, thick, legless, curved. The larva of the first age is usually with legs and a sclerotized area in the form of the letter “H” on the pronotum. Development occurs on mature, dry seeds, which is most pronounced in species that feed on legumes.

Cereals are typically daytime insects, thermophilic, usually active only in bright sunlight. Herbivorous beetles, developing due to a number of plant groups, but most closely associated with leguminous plants ( Leguminosae ), several species specialize in umbellate , bindweed , cistus , asteraceae and leaf leaves . He excluded the possibility of feeding certain types of grains on some other families, for example, on malvaceae . In general, grains can be characterized as oligophages with the confinement of certain species to certain species or a limited number of fodder plants.

The family has a number of important agricultural pests, such as pea, bean, Chinese caryopsis and others.

1350 species. In Russia - 90 species (source of assessment: D. G. Kasatkin, 2001). Sometimes considered as a subfamily of Bruchinae in the family Chrysomelidae . The oldest representative of grains was found in Upper Cretaceous Canadian amber ^[1] .

The following is a more widely accepted traditional classification of the Bruchidae family (with subfamilies) ^[2] in combination with the new (with tribes).

• Tribes ( Amblycerinae group): Amblycerini - Spermophagini
• Tribes ( Bruchinae group): Acanthoscelidini - Bruchini - Megacerini
• Tribe ( Eubaptinae band): Eubaptini
• Tribe ( Kytorhininae band): Kytorhinini
• Tribes ( Pachymerinae group): Caryedonini - Caryopemonini - Pachymerini
• Triba ( Rhaebinae band): Rhaebini

• Egorov A. B., Ter-Minasyan M.E., 1983 . Grain beetles of Eastern Siberia and the Far East of the USSR, qualifier. - Vladivostok. - 105 p.
• Karapetyan A.P., 1985 . Fauna of the Armenian SSR. Insects, beetles. Cereals (Bruchidae). , - Yerevan. - 171 p.
• Lukyanovich F.K., Ter-Minasyan M.E., 1957 . Fauna of the USSR. Coleoptera, Caryopsis beetles (Bruchidae). - T. 24, no. 1 .-- 208 s.
• John M. Kingsolver 2004 : Handbook of the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada. Volume 1. [1]
• John M. Kingsolver 2004 : Handbook of the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada. Volume 2 (illustrations). [2]

1. Bean kernels ( Acanthoscelides obtectus Say )
2. Strawberry seed ( Bruchidius fasciatus Olson ) [acacia] [= B. villosus Olson]
3. Sainfoin kernel ( Bruchidius gilvus Gyllenhal )
4. Pea seed ( Bruchidius incarnatus Boheman )
5. Clover ( Bruchidius varius Olson )
6. Cereals (genus) ( Bruchus Linnaeus )
   1. Bean kernels ( Bruchus affinis Froelich )
   2. Nematic cereal ( Bruchus atomarius Linnaeus ), grain pea
   3. Mouse Pea Grain ( Bruchus brachialis Fahraeus )
   4. Lentil kernel ( Bruchus lentis Froelich )
   5. Pea seed ( Bruchus pisorum Linnaeus )
   6. Grain bean ( Bruchus rufimanus Boheman ) (red-legged), pea bean
   7. Bean kernels ( Bruchus signaticornis Froelich )
   8. Single pea kernel ( Bruchus tristis Boheman )
   9. Grain vetch, pea from ( Bruchus viciae Olson )
7. Grain Chinese ( Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus ) (bean)
8. Four- spotted kernel ( Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius )
9. Bean kernels ( Callosobruchus phaseoli Gyllenhal )
10. Convolvulus ( Euspermophagus sericeus Geoffrey )
11. Acacia ( Pachymerus acaciae Gyllenhal )
12. Palm kernel ( Pachymerus nucleorum Fabricius )
13. Brazilian beans ( Zabrotes subfasciatus Froelich )

• Grain family (Bruchidae) (link not available)
• Atlas of grains (Bruchidae) of Russia and neighboring countries
• Bruchidae on SYNOPSIS OF THE DESCRIBED COLEOPTERA OF THE WORLD
• Denis Kasatkin. Cereals (Bruchidae)
• Striganova B.R. , Zakharov A.A. The Pyatilingual Dictionary of Animal Names: Insects (Latin-Russian-English-German-French) /Ed. Dr. biol. sciences, prof. B.R. Striganova . - M .: RUSSO, 2000 .-- S. 165-166. - 1060 copies. - ISBN 5-88721-162-8 .