Anton Yakovlevich Valek (real patronymic - Yakabovich ) ( January 19 [31], 1887 , Kharkov - April 8, 1919 , Yekaterinburg ) [1] - leader of the revolutionary movement. Member of the Communist Party since 1903 [2] / 1904 [1] .
| Anton Valek | |
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| Birth name | Anton Yakovlevich Valek |
| Date of Birth | |
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| Date of death | |
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| A country | |
| Occupation | revolutionary |
| Spouse | Valek, Raisa Isaakovna |
| Children | Michael, Semen |
Content
Biography
Anton Valek was born in 1887 in Kharkov in the family of a railway worker-pole sent from Poland. He studied at the city school. He worked in the Kharkov railway depot [1] [2] . In 1905 he took part in the Kharkov armed uprising. He was arrested and exiled [2] . He led party work in the Urals [1] , in Central Asia, in Siberia [2] .
In 1917, Anton Valek was elected a member of the Petrograd Council from the Putilov Plant [1] [2] . In February 1917, one of the organizers of the funeral of the victims of the February Revolution. From December 1917 to April 1918 he was repeatedly sent for food to Siberia [1] .
During the Civil War of 1918, he was sent to party work in the occupied regions of the Urals and Siberia by white forces. In June 1918, he participated in a meeting of the Bolsheviks in Tyumen, in the formation of the Organizing Bureau of the RCP (b) Siberia to launch illegal work behind white lines [1] . Together with R. Berzin, on July 13, 1918, he conducted a special operation in Yekaterinburg with the family of Emperor Nicholas II. Leaving Ekaterinburg in Perm in July as the operative officer of the Military Control Department of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, the headquarters of the Northern Ural-Siberian Front, the Uralobkom and the Organizing Bureau of the RCP (b) Siberia, a special department of the Third Army of the Eastern Front, carried out illegal work on the organization of a network of military intelligence points in Omsk , Tomsk , Krasnoyarsk , Irkutsk [1] . In early September, participated in the 1st Siberian underground conference of the RCP (b). In early October, he crossed the front line, arrived in Moscow, informed Y. Sverdlov in the Central Committee of the RCP (b) and Trakman in the Military Control Department of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic of the work done and the situation behind the rear of the Whites, then returned to Siberia [1] . In December 1918, on behalf of the Uralobkom, he was sent to underground work in Yekaterinburg . Arrived in Yekaterinburg in early January 1919. He restored the scattered illegal groups of the Bolsheviks, formed the city committee and became its chairman [1] .
On April 1, 1919, together with a group of underground workers (18 people), he was arrested [2] by the Whiteβs counterintelligence agent on a tip from agent Y. Sverdlov, the former ensign of the imperial army Semyon Loginov [3] , who had an address and a password for meeting with Valek. While in prison in Yekaterinburg, A. Valek was questioned by Kolchak investigator Sokolov about the fate of the family of Emperor Nicholas II (Romanovs). On April 8, 1919, Valek and like-minded people were executed in the forest at Vaskina Gorka, near the Verkh-Isetsky Plant [2] - the place of mass executions of revolutionaries, next to the former Komsomolets cinema, a stone obelisk was installed earlier on the site of the execution.
They were taken there at dawn on April 8, 1919. In accordance with the sentence should have been shot. But the Cossack punishers, who were instructed to enforce the sentence, were drunk. Ermokhin ordered to chop with checkers, not getting off his horses; and they began to chop ...
Jacob (the party nickname A. Valek) was cut last - that was the order: let him see the death of his associates. But his heart could not stand this new torture - it went out. He fell, he was chopped dead.
Then, to hide the traces of the crime, the mutilated bodies were buried somewhere in the swamps and were not found. There was not even a grave [4] .
After the execution of Valek and members of his group, the authorized commander of the Siberian Army for maintaining state order and public calm issued an order:
βI declare for information that in early April of this year the military control of the city of Yekaterinburg revealed a completely criminal Bolshevik organization, headed by Anton Valek, who was the head of the Red Intelligence of Siberia all the way to Irkutsk and the head of the secret communist organization in Yekaterinburg.
On April 4, 8 people from this organization were sent to the military field court by the commander of the Siberian Army on charges of a crime under Article 51,100,108 of the Criminal Code.
The military court sentenced all the defendants to death. The sentence, approved by the commander in chief of the Siberian army, was carried out on April 8 of this year. " [5]
Memory
- In Yekaterinburg in 1919, the city ββcouncil of workers 'and soldiers' deputies renamed Bolshaya Suezhyaya Street into Anton Valek Street [6] .
Notes
- β 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ural Historical Encyclopedia, 2000 .
- β 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Soviet Historical Encyclopedia, 1973-1982 .
- β Bessonov Yu. At the front and in the rear: Workers of the Verkhiseti plant. 1918-1921 years. - Sverdlovsk: Sverdlovsk Regional Publishing House, 1937 - Chapter 3. In the Kolchak cell.
- β B. Ryabinin, 1971 .
- β N. Popova, 1935 .
- β Anton Valek . Street life . 1723.ru. Date of treatment April 9, 2017.
Sources
Literature
- Valek Anton Yakovlevich // Soviet Historical Encyclopedia / Ed. E. M. Zhukova. - M .: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1973-1982.
- Valek R.I.A. Ya. Valek. - 2nd ed. - Sverdlovsk, 1983.
- Plotnikov I.F. in the White Guard rear. - Sverdlovsk, 1978.
- Popova N. Punishers // Ekaterinburg - Sverdlovsk. - Sverdlovsk: Sverdlovsk Regional State Publishing House, 1935. - S. 116-124 .
- Plotnikov I.F. Valek, Anton Yakovlevich // Ural Historical Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. V.V. Alekseev. - Yekaterinburg: Academic book, 2000.
- Ryabinin B. In the struggle for the people's cause // Hearts given to the revolution. - Sverdlovsk, 1971.- S. 97-113 . (inaccessible link)