Krolevets

The town of Krolevets is located on the left bank of the River Ret, at the confluence of the River Svidnya . Motorways M-02 ( E 101 ), T-2503 , T-1907 and the railway, Krolevets station, pass through the city. Several drying streams with dams flow through the city.

Krolevets was founded in 1601 ^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6]} on the territories of the Chernigov-Seversk land seized during the Time of Troubles by Polish troops and named after the Polish king Sigismund III . In accordance with the Deulinsky truce in 1618, the city ​​remained part of the Commonwealth ^[5] .

In 1638, Krolevets was first mentioned in written sources (as a “Powiat City”) ^[4] , in 1644 he received Magdeburg Law ^[5] , and in the same year the Polish King Vladislav IV ordered the construction of a castle here ^[2] .

After the beginning of the Khmelnitsky uprising in 1648, Krolevets became the hundredth city of the Nezhinsky regiment and in 1654 became part of the Russian state ^{[4] [5] [7]} .

1654 - 1917

During the Russian-Polish war of 1654 - 1667 in 1663, Krolevets was taken by Polish troops ^[7] , but then it was restored and in 1664 it was surrounded by an earthen wall ^[2] .

In 1781, it became the administrative center of the Krolevetsky district Novgorod-Seversky governorship ^[4] (since 1802 it is part of the Chernihiv province ) ^[7] .

By the beginning of the 1880s, Krolevets was a trade and craft center ^[2] ; by the end of the 19th century, it became known as a center for the handicraft production of fabrics ^[7] , where the “Krolevetskaya patterned embroidery technique” took shape (usually in the form of geometric shapes or floral ornament embroidered with red thread on white canvas) ^{[3] [5]} .

In the 1890s, during the construction of the Khutor-Mikhailovsky - Konotop railway line, a single-track railway line was built through the city, in 1893 a railway station was built here ^{[4] [6]} .

As of 1895, the population was 13,476 people, there was a brick factory, a hospital, a pharmacy, a women's gymnasium and four schools, and fairs were held regularly ^[7] .

1918 - 1991

In January 1918, Soviet power was established in the city ^[5] , but in the spring of 1918 the city was occupied by the advancing Austro-German troops , after which hetman Skoropadsky was incorporated into the Ukrainian state.

During the civil war, the power in the city changed several times.

In 1919, Soviet power was restored, and in 1919 the publication of a local newspaper began in the city ^[8] .

In 1922, the Krolevets weavers united in an artel of artistic weaving (in the 1960s, the artel was transformed into a factory of artistic weaving) ^[5] .

During the Great Patriotic War in 1941, the city was occupied by the advancing German troops .

In 1953 there was a metalworking factory, a brick factory, a hemp processing plant, a butter factory, an incubator station, an industrial technical school of building materials, a school for working youth, 3 secondary schools, 2 seven-year schools, a house of culture , a pioneer house , 3 libraries and a cinema ^[3] .

In January 1959, the population was 13,996 people ^[9] .

In 1970, the population was 18.5 thousand people; there was a reinforcement plant , a building materials plant, a hemp processing plant, a butter-making plant, a fruit canning factory, a baguette factory, an art weaving factory, and a peat factory ^[4] .

In 1981, there was an armature plant, a mechanical repair plant, a hemp plant, a food factory, a butter factory, a fruit canning plant, a baguette factory, an art weaving factory, a peat enterprise, a special farm, a village agricultural machinery, a consumer services combine,two vocational schools , 9 secondary schools, a music school, a hospital, two houses of culture, a club, 2 libraries and a cinema ^[5] .

In 1987, Krolevetsky bread products plant was commissioned.

In January 1989, the population was 25,962 people ^[10] .

After 1991

In 1997, the vocational school No. 22 located in the city ^[11] was liquidated ^[12] .

In 2006 and 2007 the city was the venue for the rock festival " Pro Rock ".

In September 2011, an elevator for 50 thousand tons of grain was put into operation ^[13] .

On November 19, 2011, a museum of Krolevets weaving was opened in the estate of the Ogievsky landowners (which contains a collection of Krolevets towels of the 19th - 21st centuries).

• Krolevets Southwestern Railway Station on the Ukrainian part of the Kiev - Moscow railway line
• On the border of the city passes the road E 101 ( M-02 ) Moscow - Kaluga - Bryansk - Glukhov - Kiev
• Intercity and suburban bus service
• Agricultural airfield, now not operating. Previously, there were mail and cargo flights and passenger flights Sumy - Krolevets, aircraft - An-2 .

• Krolevets Bread Products Combine
• Krolevetsky Elevator LLC ^[13]
• Krolevetsky reinforcement plant
• Mechanical Repair Plant (Inactive)
• Krolevetsky silicate brick plant (Inactive)
• Artistic Weaving Factory (Inoperative)
• Food industry

• 7 schools I — III levels. ^[14]
• Krolevetsky Institute - based on the Glukhovsky National Pedagogical University named after Alexander Dovzhenko .

• House of Culture ^[14]
• District Museum of Local Lore (until 2000 - Museum of the History of Krolevets) ^[15]
• Libraries
• Museum Krolevets weaving.

The city grows a unique apple-colony - a botanical landmark of nature of national importance.

Krolevets is the birthplace of one of the first Ukrainian ethnographers, Grigory Kalinovsky , who in 1772 in St. Petersburg published a book entitled “Description of Ukrainian Wedding People’s Folk Customs, in Little Russia and in the Ukrainian Governorate, as well as in Great Russia settlements inhabited by Little Russians used”.

In the XIX century, Ivan Sergeevich Aksakov and Nikolai Semenovich Leskov visited the city and shared their impressions about it in their works.

In 1854 Taras Shevchenko lived in Krolevets for some time.

In 1857-1858, Krolevets was visited several times by the writer Marko Vovchok , recording folk songs and proverbs.

Hero of the Soviet Union Grigory Vinogradov lived and worked in Krolevets. One of the streets of the city bears his name.

In Krolevets lived from 1895, and from 1903 to 1907. and served the famous Rabbi Schmer-Leib Medalier .

The formation and development of Krolevets and the region during the Soviet period was largely due to the First Secretary of the Krolevetsky District Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine , the Hero of Socialist Labor , Dodakov Ivan Akimovich . A memorial plaque has been erected on the building of the district administration in which I. A. Dodakov worked.

Born in Krolevets

• Metropolitan Filofey (Leshchinsky) (1650-1727) - Bishop of the Russian Church, from 1702, Metropolitan of Siberia and Tobolsk.
• Antonovich, Platon Aleksandrovich (1812–1883) - Russian general, Kerch-Yenikalsky and Odessa mayor, Bessarabsky governor
• Ardens (Apostolov), Nikolai Nikolayevich (1890-1974) - Russian literary critic, journalist, teacher
• Balyuk, Ivan Fedorovich (1919–1993) - military pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union
• Belinsky, Yakov Lvovich (1909-1988) - Russian poet
• Biletsky, Fedor Grigorievich (1879-1967) - Ukrainian Soviet scientist in the field of crop production, Honored Scientist of the Ukrainian SSR.
• Grishchenko, Alexey Vasilyevich (1883-1977) - Ukrainian and French artist
• Nezhinets Alexey Danilovich (1938) - Ukrainian and Belarusian artist
• Gurshtein, Aron Sheftelevich (1895-1941) - Yiddish literature historian, member of the USSR Writers' Union
• Ivanchenko Ivan Semenovich (1902—1987) - Ukrainian Soviet poet
• Kochura (Kochur) Afanasy Fyodorovich (1905—1976) - Ukrainian Soviet writer
• Lubenets Timofey Grigorievich (1855–1936) - teacher
• Lukash Nikolay Alekseevich (1919-1988) - famous Ukrainian translator
• Nikolay Aleksandrovich Makarovets (1939 —2019) - General Designer of OAO NPO SPLAV.
• Mikhailov Konstantin Nikolaevich (1882-1961) - pianist and teacher.
• Ogievsky, Vasily Dmitrievich (1861-1921) - Russian forester.
• Omelchenko Fedor Zakharovich (1865-1924) - pathologist, professor
• Ponomarenko Vladimir Stepanovich (1948 -) - e. Mr., Professor, Rector of Kharkiv National University of Economics
• Ponomarenko Leonid Anatolyevich (1945 -) - Ph.D., professor, laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology
• Redkin, Andrei Petrovich (1875–1966) - Honorary Academician of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hero of Socialist Labor
• Samus Nikolay Danilovich (1904—?) - Ukrainian writer, literary critic
• Skiba Nikolay Egorovich (1950 (p. Kamen of the Krolevetsky district) (1950 -) - Ph.D., professor, rector of the Khmelnitsky National University
• Skubachevsky Gleb Semenovich (1907–1988) ^[16] - designer of aircraft engines, professor
• Olga Stozhok (1948–) - Honored Artist of Russia, opera singer, teacher
• Tomashevsky, Sergey Petrovich (1854—1916) - famous dermatovenerologist
• Tsymbal, Vasily Timofeevich (1916-1943) - one of the pupils of A. S. Makarenko , Hero of the Soviet Union

• Unofficial site of Krolevets (ukr.)